2026-03-12 20:23:15

tpt/ast/01_sql_plan_layout_intro.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- view merging
+
+select * from dual;
+
+select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor);
+
+create or replace view v as select * from dual;
+
+select * from (select * from v);
+
+alter session set "_simple_view_merging"=false;
+
+select * from (select * from v);
+
+alter session set "_simple_view_merging"=true;
+
+select * from (select /*+ NO_MERGE */ * from v);
+
+select * from (select rownum r, v.* from v);
+
+
+-- scalar subqueries, run a subquery for populating a value in a single column or a row (9i+)
+
+select owner, count(*) from test_objects o group by owner;
+
+-- another way (excludes nulls if any)
+
+select u.username, (select count(*) from test_objects o where u.username = o.owner) obj_count from test_users u;
+
+select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST'));
+
+

tpt/ast/02_advanced_rewrite.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- GRANT EXECUTE ON sys.dbms_advanced_rewrite TO &user 
+-- there's no public synonym for this package so you should reference it by schema name
+
+exec sys.DBMS_ADVANCED_REWRITE.DROP_REWRITE_EQUIVALENCE ('test_rewrite');
+
+begin
+   sys.DBMS_ADVANCED_REWRITE.DECLARE_REWRITE_EQUIVALENCE (
+      'test_rewrite'
+    , 'select username,created from test_users u where username in (select owner from test_objects o where o.owner = u.username)'
+    , 'select /*+ qb_name(main) no_unnest(@subq) */ username,created from test_users u where username in (select /*+ qb_name(subq) */ owner from test_objects o where o.owner = u.username) and /* careful! */ 1=1'
+    , validate => true
+    , rewrite_mode => 'general'
+   );
+end;
+/
+
+
+alter session set query_rewrite_enabled = true -- this is true by default;
+alter session set query_rewrite_integrity = trusted;
+
+-- if you see a FILTER operation (not a HASH JOIN SEMI) then the rewrite worked
+select username,created from test_users u where username in (select owner from test_objects o where o.owner = u.username);
+@x9a
+
+
+-- an example of how to add a missing ORDER BY to a statement which assumes that GROUP BY always orders data too
+-- (this is not true in 10.2+ where GROUP BY and DISTINCT operations can be done using hashing instead of sorting)
+
+exec sys.DBMS_ADVANCED_REWRITE.DROP_REWRITE_EQUIVALENCE ('test_rewrite_order');
+
+begin
+   sys.DBMS_ADVANCED_REWRITE.DECLARE_REWRITE_EQUIVALENCE (
+      'test_rewrite_order'
+    , 'select owner,count(*) from test_objects group by owner'
+    , 'select * from (select owner,count(*) from test_objects group by owner order by owner)'
+    , validate => true
+    , rewrite_mode => 'text_match'
+   );
+end;
+/
+
+select owner,count(*) from test_objects group by owner;
+@x9a
+
+

tpt/ast/02_badly_correlated.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE badly_correlated1;
+DROP TABLE badly_correlated2;
+
+CREATE TABLE badly_correlated1 (id, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, val) AS (
+  SELECT rownum id, v.* FROM (
+    SELECT
+        mod(rownum, 100000) a
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) b
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) c
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) d
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) e
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) f
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) g
+      , mod(rownum, 100000) h
+      , lpad('x',100,'x')
+    FROM 
+        dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 100000
+    UNION ALL
+    SELECT
+        90 a
+      , 91 b
+      , 92 c
+      , 93 d
+      , 94 e
+      , 95 f
+      , 96 g
+      , 97 h
+      , lpad('y',100,'y')
+    FROM 
+        dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 100000
+  ) v
+)
+/
+
+CREATE TABLE badly_correlated2 AS SELECT * FROM badly_correlated1;
+
+ALTER TABLE badly_correlated1 MODIFY id PRIMARY KEY;
+ALTER TABLE badly_correlated2 MODIFY id PRIMARY KEY;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx1_badly_correlated1 ON badly_correlated1 (a,b,c,d,e,f,g);
+CREATE INDEX idx1_badly_correlated2 ON badly_correlated2 (a,b,c,d,e,f,g);
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'BADLY_CORRELATED1', method_opt=>'FOR TABLE', cascade=>true);
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'BADLY_CORRELATED2', method_opt=>'FOR TABLE', cascade=>true);
+
+
+select /*+ opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') */
+    * 
+from
+    badly_correlated1 t1
+  , badly_correlated2 t2
+where
+    t1.id = t2.id
+and t1.a = 90 
+and t1.b = 91 
+and t1.c = 92 
+and t1.d = 93 
+and t1.e = 94 
+and t1.f = 95
+and t1.g = 96
+and t1.h = 97
+and t2.val like 'xy%'
+/
+
+@x
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'BADLY_CORRELATED1', method_opt=>'FOR TABLE FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 254', cascade=>true);
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'BADLY_CORRELATED2', method_opt=>'FOR TABLE FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 254', cascade=>true);
+
+select /*+ opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') */
+    * 
+from
+    badly_correlated1 t1
+  , badly_correlated2 t2
+where
+    t1.id = t2.id
+and t1.a = 90 
+and t1.b = 91 
+and t1.c = 92 
+and t1.d = 93 
+and t1.e = 94 
+and t1.f = 95
+and t1.g = 96
+and t1.h = 97
+and t2.val like 'xy%'
+/
+
+@x
+
+-- create extended stats
+select 
+    dbms_stats.create_extended_stats(
+        ownname => user
+      , tabname=>'BADLY_CORRELATED1'
+      , extension=>'(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h)'
+    ) 
+from dual
+/
+
+select 
+    dbms_stats.create_extended_stats(
+        ownname => user
+      , tabname=>'BADLY_CORRELATED2'
+      , extension=>'(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h)'
+    ) 
+from dual
+/
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'BADLY_CORRELATED1', method_opt=>'FOR TABLE FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 254', cascade=>true);
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'BADLY_CORRELATED2', method_opt=>'FOR TABLE FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 254', cascade=>true);
+ 
+select /*+ opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') */
+    * 
+from
+    badly_correlated1 t1
+  , badly_correlated2 t2
+where
+    t1.id = t2.id
+and t1.a = 90 
+and t1.b = 91 
+and t1.c = 92 
+and t1.d = 93 
+and t1.e = 94 
+and t1.f = 95
+and t1.g = 96
+and t1.h = 97
+and t2.val like 'xy%'
+/
+
+@x

tpt/ast/02_bind_peeking_nested_loops.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- File name:   demos/bind_peeking_nested_loops.sql
+-- Purpose:     this script demos how a "wrong" bind variable value
+--              can cause an execution plan to be compiled which is 
+--              very inefficient for the next execution with different bind variable
+--              values (with large number of matching rows) 
+--              the second execution of the query takes very long time to complete
+--              despite adaptive bind variable peeking, which would kick in during the 
+--              next (3rd) execution
+--
+--              This problem happens even on Oracle 11.2 despite adaptive bind peeking
+--              and cardinality feedback (due to design, not a bug)
+--              
+-- Author:      Tanel Poder (tanel@e2sn.com)
+-- Copyright:   (c) http://tech.e2sn.com
+--
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+alter session set optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines = false;
+
+DROP TABLE t1;
+DROP TABLE t2;
+DROP TABLE t3;
+DROP TABLE t4;
+DROP TABLE t5;
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 50000;
+CREATE TABLE t2 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+CREATE TABLE t3 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+CREATE TABLE t4 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+CREATE TABLE t5 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+
+CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i2 ON t2(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i3 ON t3(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i4 ON t4(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i5 ON t5(owner);
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T1',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T2',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T3',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T4',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T5',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T1',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T2',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T3',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T4',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T5',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+
+-- this hack might be needed to "help" this problem to show up sometimes:
+-- ALTER SESSION SET OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=10;
+
+VAR v1 VARCHAR2(100)
+VAR v2 VARCHAR2(100)
+VAR v3 VARCHAR2(100)
+VAR v4 VARCHAR2(100)
+VAR v5 VARCHAR2(100)
+
+EXEC :v1:='SCOTT'
+EXEC :v2:='SCOTT'
+EXEC :v3:='SCOTT'
+EXEC :v4:='SCOTT'
+EXEC :v5:='SCOTT'
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Running query first time, this should be fast (and should use nested loops execution plan)
+
+SELECT
+    MIN(t1.created), MAX(t1.created)
+FROM
+    t1
+  , t2
+  , t3
+  , t4
+  , t5
+WHERE
+    t1.object_id = t2.object_id
+AND t2.object_id = t3.object_id
+AND t3.object_id = t4.object_id
+AND t4.object_id = t5.object_id
+AND t1.owner = :v1
+AND t2.owner = :v2
+AND t3.owner = :v3
+AND t4.owner = :v4
+AND t5.owner = :v5
+/
+
+SET TIMING OFF
+
+--SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST ADVANCED'));
+SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null));
+
+EXEC :v1:='SYS'
+EXEC :v2:='SYS'
+EXEC :v3:='SYS'
+EXEC :v4:='SYS'
+EXEC :v5:='SYS'
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Now running the same query with different bind variables (this query should take very long time)
+
+SELECT
+    MIN(t1.created), MAX(t1.created)
+FROM
+    t1
+  , t2
+  , t3
+  , t4
+  , t5
+WHERE
+    t1.object_id = t2.object_id
+AND t2.object_id = t3.object_id
+AND t3.object_id = t4.object_id
+AND t4.object_id = t5.object_id
+AND t1.owner = :v1
+AND t2.owner = :v2
+AND t3.owner = :v3
+AND t4.owner = :v4
+AND t5.owner = :v5
+/
+

tpt/ast/02_bind_peeking_nested_loops_2.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- File name:   demos/bind_peeking_nested_loops.sql
+-- Purpose:     this script demos how a "wrong" bind variable value
+--              can cause an execution plan to be compiled which is 
+--              very inefficient for the next execution with different bind variable
+--              values (with large number of matching rows) 
+--              the second execution of the query takes very long time to complete
+--              despite adaptive bind variable peeking, which would kick in during the 
+--              next (3rd) execution
+--
+--              This problem happens even on Oracle 11.2 despite adaptive bind peeking
+--              and cardinality feedback (due design, not a bug)
+--              
+-- Author:      Tanel Poder (tanel@e2sn.com)
+-- Copyright:   (c) http://tech.e2sn.com
+--
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DROP TABLE t1;
+DROP TABLE t2;
+DROP TABLE t3;
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE TABLE t2 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE TABLE t3 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+
+CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i2 ON t2(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i3 ON t3(owner);
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T1',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T2',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T3',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+
+ALTER SESSION SET OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=10;
+
+VAR v VARCHAR2(100)
+
+EXEC :v:='SYS'
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Running query first time, this should be fast (and should use nested loops execution plan)
+
+SELECT
+    MIN(t1.created), MAX(t1.created)
+FROM
+    t1
+  , t2
+  , t3
+WHERE
+    t1.object_id = t2.object_id
+AND t2.object_id = t3.object_id
+AND t1.owner = :v
+AND t2.owner = :v
+AND t3.owner = :v
+/
+
+SET TIMING OFF
+
+--SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST ADVANCED'));
+SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null));
+
+EXEC :v:='SCOTT'
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Now running the same query with different bind variables (this query should take very long time)
+
+SELECT
+    MIN(t1.created), MAX(t1.created)
+FROM
+    t1
+  , t2
+  , t3
+WHERE
+    t1.object_id = t2.object_id
+AND t2.object_id = t3.object_id
+AND t1.owner = :v
+AND t2.owner = :v
+AND t3.owner = :v
+/
+

tpt/ast/02_bind_peeking_nested_loops_nohist.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- File name:   demos/bind_peeking_nested_loops.sql
+-- Purpose:     this script demos how a "wrong" bind variable value
+--              can cause an execution plan to be compiled which is 
+--              very inefficient for the next execution with different bind variable
+--              values (with large number of matching rows) 
+--              the second execution of the query takes very long time to complete
+--              despite adaptive bind variable peeking, which would kick in during the 
+--              next (3rd) execution
+--
+--              This problem happens even on Oracle 11.2 despite adaptive bind peeking
+--              and cardinality feedback (due design, not a bug)
+--              
+-- Author:      Tanel Poder (tanel@e2sn.com)
+-- Copyright:   (c) http://tech.e2sn.com
+--
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DROP TABLE t1;
+DROP TABLE t2;
+DROP TABLE t3;
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE TABLE t2 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE TABLE t3 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+
+CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i2 ON t2(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i3 ON t3(owner);
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T1',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T2',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T3',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+
+ALTER SESSION SET OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=10;
+
+VAR v VARCHAR2(100)
+
+EXEC :v:='SCOTT'
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Running query first time, this should be fast (and should use nested loops execution plan)
+
+SELECT
+    MIN(t1.created), MAX(t1.created)
+FROM
+    t1
+  , t2
+  , t3
+WHERE
+    t1.object_id = t2.object_id
+AND t2.object_id = t3.object_id
+AND t1.owner = :v
+AND t2.owner = :v
+AND t3.owner = :v
+/
+
+SET TIMING OFF
+
+--SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST ADVANCED'));
+SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null));
+
+EXEC :v:='SYS'
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Now running the same query with different bind variables (this query should take very long time)
+
+SELECT
+    MIN(t1.created), MAX(t1.created)
+FROM
+    t1
+  , t2
+  , t3
+WHERE
+    t1.object_id = t2.object_id
+AND t2.object_id = t3.object_id
+AND t1.owner = :v
+AND t2.owner = :v
+AND t3.owner = :v
+/
+

tpt/ast/02_bind_peeking_nested_loops_proc.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- File name:   demos/bind_peeking_nested_loops.sql
+-- Purpose:     this script demos how a "wrong" bind variable value
+--              can cause an execution plan to be compiled which is 
+--              very inefficient for the next execution with different bind variable
+--              values (with large number of matching rows) 
+--              the second execution of the query takes very long time to complete
+--              despite adaptive bind variable peeking, which would kick in during the 
+--              next (3rd) execution
+--
+--              This problem happens even on Oracle 11.2 despite adaptive bind peeking
+--              and cardinality feedback (due to design, not a bug)
+--              
+-- Author:      Tanel Poder (tanel@e2sn.com)
+-- Copyright:   (c) http://tech.e2sn.com
+--
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+alter session set optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines = false;
+
+DROP TABLE t_bp1;
+DROP TABLE t_bp2;
+DROP TABLE t_bp3;
+DROP TABLE t_bp4;
+DROP TABLE t_bp5;
+
+CREATE TABLE t_bp1 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 50000;
+CREATE TABLE t_bp2 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+CREATE TABLE t_bp3 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+CREATE TABLE t_bp4 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+CREATE TABLE t_bp5 AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE rownum <= 10000;
+
+CREATE INDEX i_bp1 ON t_bp1(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i_bp2 ON t_bp2(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i_bp3 ON t_bp3(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i_bp4 ON t_bp4(owner);
+CREATE INDEX i_bp5 ON t_bp5(owner);
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T_BP1',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T_BP2',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T_BP3',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T_BP4',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T_BP5',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 254');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T1',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T2',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T3',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T4',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T5',cascade=>TRUE, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
+
+-- this hack might be needed to "help" this problem to show up sometimes:
+-- ALTER SESSION SET OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=10;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE test_bp (num_loops IN NUMBER, sleep IN NUMBER
+                                    , v1 IN VARCHAR2, v2 IN VARCHAR2, v3 IN VARCHAR2, v4 IN VARCHAR2, v5 IN VARCHAR2)
+AS
+    r1 DATE;
+    r2 DATE;
+    s  NUMBER;
+BEGIN
+    FOR i IN 1..num_loops LOOP
+        SELECT /*+ opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') */
+            MIN(t_bp1.created), MAX(t_bp5.created) INTO r1, r2
+        FROM
+            t_bp1
+          , t_bp2
+          , t_bp3
+          , t_bp4
+          , t_bp5
+        WHERE
+            t_bp1.object_id = t_bp2.object_id
+        AND t_bp2.object_id = t_bp3.object_id
+        AND t_bp3.object_id = t_bp4.object_id
+        AND t_bp4.object_id = t_bp5.object_id
+        AND t_bp1.owner = v1
+        AND t_bp2.owner = v2
+        AND t_bp3.owner = v3
+        AND t_bp4.owner = v4
+        AND t_bp5.owner = v5;
+ 
+        s := s + (r2 - r1); -- dummy calculation
+        IF sleep > 0 THEN DBMS_LOCK.SLEEP(sleep); END IF;
+    END LOOP;
+        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(s));
+END;
+/
+
+PROMPT Running query first time, this should be fast (and should use nested loops execution plan)
+
+
+--SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null));
+
+SET TIMING ON
+
+PROMPT Now running the same query with different bind variables (this query should take very long time)
+

tpt/ast/02_choosing_join_order.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- File name:   02_choosing_join_order.sql
+--
+-- Purpose:     Advanced Oracle SQL Tuning demo script
+-- Author:      Tanel Poder
+-- Copyright:   (c) http://www.tanelpoder.com
+--              
+-- Usage:       You can run the query against Oracle's sample schemas (SH)
+--              The optimizer stats have to be updated to cause trouble.
+--               See the commented out code below
+--                
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- in Oracle 11gR2, set the cardinality feedback option to false for demo stability purposes
+-- alter session set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false;
+--
+-- Set statistics_level = all for measuring optimizer misestimate (or use V$SQL_MONITOR):
+-- alter session set statistics_level = all;
+--
+-- Cause trouble for the optimizer:
+-- EXEC DBMS_STATS.SET_TABLE_STATS('SH','CUSTOMERS', NUMROWS=>1, NUMBLKS=>1, NO_INVALIDATE=>FALSE);
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR */
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code co 
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+  , sum(s.quantity_sold)
+  , sum(s.amount_sold)
+FROM
+    sh.sales     s
+  , sh.customers cu
+  , sh.countries co
+  , sh.products  p
+  , sh.channels  ch
+WHERE
+    -- join
+    s.cust_id     = cu.cust_id
+AND cu.country_id = co.country_id
+AND s.prod_id     = p.prod_id
+AND s.channel_id  = ch.channel_id
+    -- filter
+AND ch.channel_class = 'Direct'  
+AND co.country_iso_code = 'US'  
+AND p.prod_category = 'Electronics'
+GROUP BY
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+/
+
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- SQL Profiles (require Tuning + Diag Pack):
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+--   VAR sql_fulltext CLOB
+--   EXEC SELECT sql_fulltext INTO :sql_fulltext FROM v$sql WHERE sql_id = '1ka5g0kh4h6pc' AND rownum = 1;
+--
+-- Example 1: Set Join order:
+--   EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=>sys.sqlprof_attr('LEADING(@"SEL$1" "CO"@"SEL$1" "CH"@"SEL$1" "CU"@"SEL$1" "S"@"SEL$1" "P"@"SEL$1")'), name=> 'MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+--
+-- Example 2: Adjust cardinality:
+--   EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=>sys.sqlprof_attr('CARDINALITY(@"SEL$1" "CU"@"SEL$1" 100000)'), name=> 'MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+--
+-- Example 3: Set multiple hints:
+--   DECLARE
+--       hints sys.sqlprof_attr := sys.sqlprof_attr(
+--           ('LEADING(@"SEL$1" "CO"@"SEL$1" "CH"@"SEL$1"')
+--         , ('CARDINALITY(@"SEL$1" "CU"@"SEL$1" 100000)')
+--       );
+--   BEGIN
+--       DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=> hints, name=> 'MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+--   END;
+--   /
+--
+-- Drop the profile:
+--   EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.DROP_SQL_PROFILE('MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+--
+--
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- SQL Plan Baselines - DBMS_SPM in EE licenses - see http://jonathanlewis.wordpress.com/2011/01/12/fake-baselines/
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- bad_sqlid  = 1ka5g0kh4h6pc
+-- good_sqlid = 1fzf3vqv0f49q 
+
+-- 1) Manually run the query with hints, params, etc to get the plan you want (the good query)
+--
+-- 2) Create a disabled plan baseline for the "bad query":
+--    VAR x NUMBER
+--    EXEC :x:= DBMS_SPM.LOAD_PLANS_FROM_CURSOR_CACHE('&bad_sqlid', enabled=>'NO');
+--
+-- 3) SELECT sql_handle FROM dba_sql_plan_baselines WHERE sql_text = '<your sql_text>';
+--
+-- 4) Associate the "good query" plan with the "bad query" SQL plan baseline:
+--    DEF good_sql_id = 1fzf3vqv0f49q
+--    DEF good_plan_hash_value = 2863714589
+--    DEF sql_handle_for_original = SQL_4b3ef772af37954d
+
+--    VAR x NUMBER
+--    
+--    exec :x := dbms_spm.load_plans_from_cursor_cache( -
+--            sql_id => '&good_sql_id', -
+--            plan_hash_value => &good_plan_hash_value, -
+--            sql_handle => '&sql_handle_for_original');
+--

tpt/ast/02_distinct_agg_transform.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- TODO: not working yet
+-- LEADING hint sets the order properly but not the ORDERED hint
+
+drop table t1;
+drop table t2;
+
+create table t1 as select * from all_objects;
+create table t2 as select * from all_objects;
+
+create index i1 on t2(object_id);
+
+exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1');
+exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2');
+
+-- ordered hint "ignored" starting from 11.2.0.1 thanks to distinct aggregation transformation
+
+select /*+ ORDERED */ t1.owner, count(distinct t2.object_type) from t2, t1 where t1.object_id = t2.object_id group by t1.owner;
+@x
+
+select /*+ ORDERED NO_TRANSFORM_DISTINCT_AGG */ t1.owner, count(distinct t2.object_type) from t2, t1 where t1.object_id = t2.object_id group by t1.owner;
+@x
+

tpt/ast/02_join_nested_loops.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+set echo on
+
+select 
+    t.owner, t.created, i.last_ddl_time
+from 
+    test_objects    t
+  , indexed_objects i
+where 
+    t.object_id = i.object_id 
+and t.owner = 'SH'  
+and t.object_name like 'S%'
+/
+
+@xall
+
+
+select /*+ LEADING(t,i) USE_NL(i) */
+    t.owner, t.created, i.last_ddl_time
+from 
+    test_objects    t
+  , indexed_objects i
+where 
+    t.object_id = i.object_id 
+and t.owner = 'SH'  
+and t.object_name like 'S%'
+/
+
+@xall
+
+
+select /*+ LEADING(t,i) USE_NL(i) NO_NLJ_PREFETCH(i) */
+    t.owner, t.created, i.last_ddl_time
+from 
+    test_objects    t
+  , indexed_objects i
+where 
+    t.object_id = i.object_id 
+and t.owner = 'SH'  
+and t.object_name like 'S%'
+/
+
+@xall
+
+select /*+ LEADING(t,i) USE_NL(i) NO_NLJ_BATCHING(i) */
+    t.owner, t.created, i.last_ddl_time
+from 
+    test_objects    t
+  , indexed_objects i
+where 
+    t.object_id = i.object_id 
+and t.owner = 'SH'  
+and t.object_name like 'S%'
+/
+
+@xall
+
+select /*+ LEADING(t,i) USE_NL(i) NO_NLJ_PREFETCH(t) NO_NLJ_PREFETCH(i) NO_NLJ_BATCHING(t) NO_NLJ_BATCHING(i) */
+    t.owner, t.created, i.last_ddl_time
+from 
+    test_objects    t
+  , indexed_objects i
+where 
+    t.object_id = i.object_id 
+and t.owner = 'SH'  
+and t.object_name like 'S%'
+/
+
+@xall
+
+set echo off

tpt/ast/02_leading_sq.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+select 
+/*+
+  no_unnest(@my_sub)
+  leading  (@my_sub emp_inner@my_sub)
+  use_merge (@my_sub dept_inner@my_sub)
+*/
+   *
+from 
+   scott.emp emp_outer
+where 
+   emp_outer.deptno in (
+       select /*+ qb_name(my_sub) */
+           dept_inner.deptno
+       from 
+           scott.dept dept_inner
+         , scott.emp  emp_inner
+       where 
+           dept_inner.dname like 'S%'
+       and emp_inner.ename   = dept_inner.dname
+       and dept_inner.deptno = emp_outer.deptno
+   )
+/

tpt/ast/02_outline_force_plan_from_cursor.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- Advanced Oracle SQL Tuning
+
+-- when testing purposes on 11g+
+ALTER SESSION SET "_optimizer_use_feedback"=FALSE;
+
+--exec dbms_outln.drop_unused;
+exec dbms_outln.drop_by_cat('TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE');
+exec dbms_outln.drop_by_cat('TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE_BAD');
+exec dbms_outln.drop_by_cat('TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE_GOOD');
+-- this command will drop all default outlines!!!
+exec dbms_outln.drop_by_cat('DEFAULT');
+
+delete from ol$;
+delete from ol$hints;
+delete from ol$nodes;
+COMMIT;
+
+ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SHARED_POOL;
+
+-- bad original query
+SELECT
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code co
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+  , sum(s.quantity_sold)
+  , sum(s.amount_sold)
+FROM
+    sh.sales     s
+  , sh.customers cu
+  , sh.countries co
+  , sh.products  p
+  , sh.channels  ch
+WHERE
+    -- join
+    s.cust_id     = cu.cust_id
+AND cu.country_id = co.country_id
+AND s.prod_id     = p.prod_id
+AND s.channel_id  = ch.channel_id
+    -- filter
+AND ch.channel_class = 'Direct'
+AND co.country_iso_code = 'US'
+AND p.prod_category = 'Electronics'
+GROUP BY
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+/
+/
+
+@hash
+-- manually tuned query
+SELECT /*+ CARDINALITY(cu 55500) CARDINALITY(s 918000) */
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code co
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+  , sum(s.quantity_sold)
+  , sum(s.amount_sold)
+FROM
+    sh.sales     s
+  , sh.customers cu
+  , sh.countries co
+  , sh.products  p
+  , sh.channels  ch
+WHERE
+    -- join
+    s.cust_id     = cu.cust_id
+AND cu.country_id = co.country_id
+AND s.prod_id     = p.prod_id
+AND s.channel_id  = ch.channel_id
+    -- filter
+AND ch.channel_class = 'Direct'
+AND co.country_iso_code = 'US'
+AND p.prod_category = 'Electronics'
+GROUP BY
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+/
+/
+
+@hash
+
+
+
+-- orig:  2689079980 1ka5g0kh4h6pc 0
+-- tuned: 3053916470 1fzf3vqv0f49q 0
+
+-- workaround bug: Bug 5454975 : ORA-3113 WHEN EXECUTING DBMS_OUTLN.CREATE_OUTLINE 
+ALTER SESSION SET create_stored_outlines = TRUE;
+-- make sure you use right SQL hash values and child cursor numbers here!
+EXEC DBMS_OUTLN.CREATE_OUTLINE(2689079980, 0, 'TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE_BAD');
+EXEC DBMS_OUTLN.CREATE_OUTLINE(3053916470, 0, 'TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE_GOOD');
+ALTER SESSION SET create_stored_outlines = FALSE;
+
+COL outline_name_bad NEW_VALUE outline_name_bad
+COL outline_name_good NEW_VALUE outline_name_good
+
+-- get outline names
+SELECT category,name outline_name_bad,owner,signature,enabled,timestamp,version FROM dba_outlines WHERE category = 'TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE_BAD';
+SELECT category,name outline_name_good,owner,signature,enabled,timestamp,version FROM dba_outlines WHERE category = 'TEMP_SWAP_OUTLINE_GOOD';
+
+-- change the outlines to the same category for modification
+ALTER OUTLINE &outline_name_bad  CHANGE CATEGORY TO temp_swap_outline;
+ALTER OUTLINE &outline_name_good CHANGE CATEGORY TO temp_swap_outline;
+
+CREATE PRIVATE OUTLINE bad  FROM &outline_name_bad; 
+CREATE PRIVATE OUTLINE good FROM &outline_name_good; 
+
+-- these ol$ and ol$hints tables are actually just GTTs (private to your session - private outlines)
+-- do NOT modify the real ol$ and ol$hints tables in OUTLN schema directly!!!
+SAVEPOINT before_ol_update;
+UPDATE ol$ SET hintcount=(SELECT hintcount FROM ol$ WHERE ol_name='GOOD') where ol_name='BAD';
+DELETE FROM ol$      WHERE ol_name='GOOD';
+DELETE FROM ol$hints WHERE ol_name='BAD';
+UPDATE ol$hints SET ol_name='BAD' where ol_name='GOOD';
+
+COMMIT;
+
+-- this just invalidate outline 
+EXEC DBMS_OUTLN_EDIT.REFRESH_PRIVATE_OUTLINE('BAD');
+
+ALTER SESSION SET use_private_outlines = TRUE;
+-- run the original query again now - it should show "outline "BAD" used for this statement
+-- ...
+ALTER SESSION SET use_private_outlines = FALSE;
+
+-- now publish the outline for use by others:
+CREATE OR REPLACE OUTLINE &outline_name_bad FROM PRIVATE bad FOR CATEGORY temp_swap_outline;
+ALTER SESSION SET use_stored_outlines = temp_swap_outline;
+-- run the query again, it should show the original production outline used, but with the new plan ...
+
+-- change the outline to DEFAULT category so that any session with use_stored_outlines = TRUE would use it
+ALTER OUTLINE &outline_name_bad CHANGE CATEGORY TO "DEFAULT";
+ALTER SESSION SET use_stored_outlines = TRUE;
+-- optional...
+ALTER OUTLINE &outline_name_bad RENAME TO outline_1ka5g0kh4h6pc;
+
+SELECT
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code co
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+  , sum(s.quantity_sold)
+  , sum(s.amount_sold)
+FROM
+    sh.sales     s
+  , sh.customers cu
+  , sh.countries co
+  , sh.products  p
+  , sh.channels  ch
+WHERE
+    -- join
+    s.cust_id     = cu.cust_id
+AND cu.country_id = co.country_id
+AND s.prod_id     = p.prod_id
+AND s.channel_id  = ch.channel_id
+    -- filter
+AND ch.channel_class = 'Direct'
+AND co.country_iso_code = 'US'
+AND p.prod_category = 'Electronics'
+GROUP BY
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+/
+@x
+
+

tpt/ast/02_qt_troubleshooting.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+drop table qt_test;
+
+create table qt_test (
+    id      number        primary key
+  , name    varchar2(100)
+)
+/
+
+insert into qt_test select rownum, lpad('x',100,'x') from dual connect by level <=10000;
+
+exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'QT_TEST');
+
+select count(name) from qt_test;
+@x
+
+alter table qt_test modify name not null;
+
+select count(name) from qt_test;
+@x
+

tpt/ast/02_sql_plan_baseline_from_cursor.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- SQL Plan Baselines - DBMS_SPM in EE licenses - see http://jonathanlewis.wordpress.com/2011/01/12/fake-baselines/
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- bad_sqlid  = 1ka5g0kh4h6pc
+-- good_sqlid = 1fzf3vqv0f49q 
+
+-- 1) Make sure your "bad query" is in library cache
+-- 2) Manually optimize the query with hints, params, etc to get the plan you want (the "good query")
+
+-- 3) Create a disabled plan baseline for the "bad query":
+
+VAR x NUMBER
+EXEC :x:= DBMS_SPM.LOAD_PLANS_FROM_CURSOR_CACHE('&bad_sqlid', enabled=>'NO');
+
+-- 4) Find the SQL handle of your "bad" query:
+
+SELECT sql_handle FROM dba_sql_plan_baselines WHERE sql_text = '<your sql_text>';
+
+-- 5) Associate the "good query" plan with the "bad query" SQL plan baseline:
+
+DEF good_sql_id = 1fzf3vqv0f49q
+DEF good_plan_hash_value = 2863714589
+DEF sql_handle_for_original = SQL_4b3ef772af37954d
+
+VAR x NUMBER
+
+exec :x := dbms_spm.load_plans_from_cursor_cache( -
+        sql_id => '&good_sql_id', -
+        plan_hash_value => &good_plan_hash_value, -
+        sql_handle => '&sql_handle_for_original');
+

tpt/ast/02_sqlprofile_force_plan_with_custom_hints.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- use the @ast/02_choosing_join_order.sql script to run the demo query
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- SQL Profiles (require Tuning + Diag Pack):
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- Drop the profile:
+--  EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.DROP_SQL_PROFILE('MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+
+VAR sql_fulltext CLOB
+EXEC SELECT sql_fulltext INTO :sql_fulltext FROM v$sql WHERE sql_id = '1ka5g0kh4h6pc' AND rownum = 1;
+
+-- Example 1: Set Join order:
+EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=>sys.sqlprof_attr('LEADING(@"SEL$1" "CO"@"SEL$1" "CH"@"SEL$1" "CU"@"SEL$1" "S"@"SEL$1" "P"@"SEL$1")'), name=> 'MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+
+-- Example 2: Adjust cardinality:
+EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=>sys.sqlprof_attr('OPT_ESTIMATE(@"SEL$1", TABLE, "CU"@"SEL$1", SCALE_ROWS=100000)'), name=> 'MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+
+-- Example 3: Set multiple hints:
+DECLARE
+    hints sys.sqlprof_attr := sys.sqlprof_attr(
+        ('LEADING(@"SEL$1" "CO"@"SEL$1" "CH"@"SEL$1")')
+      , ('OPT_ESTIMATE(@"SEL$1", TABLE, "CU"@"SEL$1", SCALE_ROWS=100000)')
+    );
+BEGIN
+    DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=> hints, name=> 'MANUAL_PROFILE_1ka5g0kh4h6pc');
+END;
+/
+
+-- Example 4: SwingBench TPCDS-Like Query 31 skip scan issue (force match)
+-- alternative option would be to use opt_param('_optimizer_skip_scan_enabled','false')
+
+DECLARE
+    hints sys.sqlprof_attr := sys.sqlprof_attr(
+        ('NO_INDEX_SS(@"SEL$26CA4453" "STORE_SALES"@"SEL$1")')
+      , ('NO_INDEX_SS(@"SEL$2C2C13D8" "WEB_SALES"@"SEL$2")')
+    );
+BEGIN
+    DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE(sql_text=>:sql_fulltext, profile=> hints, name=> 'QUERY31_DISABLE_SKIP_SCAN', force_match=> TRUE);
+END;
+/
+

tpt/ast/03_bitmap_star_transformation.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- setting the 11.2 cardinality feedback option to false for demo stability purposes
+exec execute immediate 'alter session set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false'; exception when others then null;
+
+SELECT  /*+ star_transformation */
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code co 
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+  , sum(s.quantity_sold)
+  , sum(s.amount_sold)
+FROM
+    sh.sales     s
+  , sh.customers cu
+  , sh.countries co
+  , sh.products  p
+  , sh.channels  ch
+WHERE
+    -- join
+    s.cust_id     = cu.cust_id
+AND cu.country_id = co.country_id
+AND s.prod_id     = p.prod_id
+AND s.channel_id  = ch.channel_id
+    -- filter
+AND ch.channel_class = 'Direct'  
+AND co.country_iso_code = 'US'  
+AND p.prod_category = 'Electronics'
+GROUP BY
+    ch.channel_desc
+  , co.country_iso_code
+  , cu.cust_city
+  , p.prod_category
+/
+

tpt/ast/03_constraints_not_null.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE cons_demo;
+
+CREATE TABLE cons_demo (owner varchar2(100), object_name varchar2(128));
+
+INSERT /*+ APPEND */ INTO cons_demo SELECT owner, object_name FROM dba_objects;
+COMMIT;
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM cons_demo;
+@x
+
+CREATE INDEX idx1_cons_demo ON cons_demo(owner);
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM cons_demo;
+@x
+
+SELECT /*+ INDEX(cons_demo cons_demo(owner)) */ COUNT(*) FROM cons_demo;
+
+ALTER TABLE cons_demo MODIFY owner NOT NULL NOVALIDATE;
+
+INSERT INTO cons_demo VALUES (null, 'x');
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM cons_demo;
+@x
+
+ALTER TABLE cons_demo MODIFY owner NULL;
+--ALTER TABLE cons_demo MODIFY owner NOT NULL VALIDATE;
+--ALTER TABLE cons_demo MODIFY owner NOT NULL DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED VALIDATE;
+ALTER TABLE cons_demo MODIFY owner NOT NULL DEFERRABLE VALIDATE;
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM cons_demo;
+@x
+
+
+DROP TABLE cons_demo2;
+
+CREATE TABLE cons_demo2 AS SELECT * FROM scott.emp;
+
+ALTER TABLE cons_demo2 ADD CONSTRAINT c2 CHECK (SAL > 500);
+
+SELECT * FROM cons_demo2 WHERE sal = 100;
+
+@x
+

tpt/ast/03_index_density.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- analyze index density (how many rows per leaf block)
+-- using SYS_OP_LBID function
+
+-- replace the first argument of SYS_OP_LBID number with the object_id of the index you are scanning
+-- also you need to modify the table name and index name hint to query the table/index of your interest
+-- make sure that the index is actually accessed in the execution plan (both fast full scan and range/full
+-- scans do work, but fast full scan is the fastest if you want to scan through the entire index segment)
+-- 
+-- additionally, you can use SAMPLE BLOCK syntax (below) to sample only some index blocks (when using
+-- fast full scan)
+
+
+COL blocks_histogram HEAD "Log(2,blocks) Histogram" FOR A30
+
+SELECT
+     LPAD(NVL(TO_CHAR(rows_per_block), 'Total:'), 15, ' ') num_rows_in_blk
+   , blocks
+   , NVL2(rows_per_block, LPAD('#', LOG(2,blocks), '#'), null) blocks_histogram
+FROM (
+    SELECT 
+        CEIL(num_rows/10) * 10 rows_per_block
+      , COUNT(*) blocks
+    FROM (
+        SELECT /*+ INDEX_FFS(o IDX3_INDEXED_OBJECTS) */ 
+            count(*)                            num_rows
+        FROM 
+            indexed_objects o  -- SAMPLE BLOCK (1000) o
+        WHERE 
+            owner IS NOT NULL 
+        GROUP BY 
+            SYS_OP_LBID( 78363, 'L', o.ROWID)
+    )
+    GROUP BY ROLLUP 
+       ( CEIL(num_rows/10) * 10 )
+    ORDER BY
+        CEIL(num_rows/10) * 10 
+)
+/
+
+                              

tpt/ast/03_index_inefficiency_1.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+select /*+ index_rs(o o(owner)) */ avg(sysdate - created) days_old 
+from
+     indexed_objects o 
+where 
+    owner = 'SYS' 
+and object_type = 'PACKAGE'
+/
+
+@x
+
+-- Then create an index which satisfies the additional filter column...
+--   create index idx2_indexed_objects on indexed_objects (owner, object_type);
+
+-- Then re-create the index with also the column that includes the columns selected in the query
+--   drop index idx2_indexed_objects;
+--   create index idx2_indexed_objects on indexed_objects (owner, object_type, created);
+

tpt/ast/03_index_skip_scan.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE t;
+CREATE TABLE t AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE INDEX i1 ON t(MOD(object_id,4), object_id);
+@gts t
+
+SELECT /*+ INDEX_SS(t) */ * FROM t WHERE object_id = 12345;
+@x
+
+CREATE INDEX i2 ON t(MOD(SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SID'),4), object_id);
+SELECT /*+ INDEX_SS(t) */ * FROM t WHERE object_id = 12345;
+@x
+
+ALTER TABLE t ADD x NUMBER NULL;
+ALTER TABLE t MODIFY x DEFAULT MOD(SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SID'),16);
+
+CREATE INDEX i3 ON t(x,object_id);
+SELECT * FROM t WHERE object_id = 12345;
+@x
+

tpt/ast/03_index_supporting_sorts.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+select 
+     owner, object_type, status, count(*)
+from
+     indexed_objects o 
+where 
+    owner = 'SYS' 
+and object_type = 'JAVA CLASS'
+and created > sysdate - 3650
+group by
+    owner,object_type,status
+order by
+    status
+/
+
+
+-- Then re-create the index with also the column that we sort/group by
+--   drop index idx2_indexed_objects;
+--   create index idx2_indexed_objects on indexed_objects (owner, object_type, created, status);
+
+-- And try tho swap the last 2 columns in end of the index:
+--   drop index idx2_indexed_objects;
+--   create index idx2_indexed_objects on indexed_objects (owner, object_type, status, created);
+

tpt/ast/04_cbo_selectivity_decay.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE selectivity_test;
+
+CREATE TABLE selectivity_test AS
+SELECT sysdate - rownum d
+FROM dual connect by level <= 365;
+
+@gts selectivity_test
+
+@minmax d selectivity_test
+
+@descxx selectivity_test
+

tpt/ast/04_cbo_troubleshoot_1.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SELECT /*+ opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') */
+    d.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+  , SUM(oi.quantity)
+  , sum(oi.unit_price * oi.quantity) total_price
+FROM
+    oe.orders      o
+  , oe.order_items oi
+  , oe.products    prod
+  , oe.customers   c
+  , oe.promotions  prom
+  , hr.employees   e
+  , hr.departments d
+WHERE
+   -- joins
+    o.order_id          = oi.order_id
+AND oi.product_id       = prod.product_id 
+AND o.promotion_id      = prom.promo_id (+)
+AND o.customer_id       = c.customer_id
+AND o.sales_rep_id      = e.employee_id
+AND d.department_id     = e.department_id
+   -- filters
+AND d.department_name   = 'Sales'
+AND e.first_name        = 'William'
+AND e.last_name         = 'Smith'
+AND prod.product_name   = 'Mobile Web Phone'
+AND c.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'
+AND c.cust_last_name    = 'Harris'
+GROUP BY
+    d.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+ ORDER BY
+    total_price
+/ 

tpt/ast/04_cbo_troubleshoot_2.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SELECT /*+ leading (dep e o c oi)
+           use_hash(oi)
+           xuse_nl(oi)
+           xindex(oi iii)
+           NO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS(@"SEL$4B12EFE6" "C"@"SEL$1")
+           NO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS(@"SEL$5488CC2B" "C"@"MAIN")
+           opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false')
+           qb_name(main)
+    */
+    dep.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+  , SUM(oi.quantity)
+  , sum(oi.unit_price * oi.quantity) total_price
+FROM
+    hr.departments dep  -- 1
+  , hr.employees   e    -- 1
+  , oe.orders      o    -- ?
+  , oe.order_items oi   -- ?
+  , oe.products    prod -- 1
+  , oe.customers   c    -- 1
+  , oe.promotions  prom -- ?
+WHERE
+   -- joins
+    o.order_id          = oi.order_id
+AND oi.product_id       = prod.product_id 
+AND o.promotion_id      = prom.promo_id (+)
+AND o.customer_id       = c.customer_id
+AND o.sales_rep_id      = e.employee_id
+AND dep.department_id   = e.department_id
+   -- filters
+AND dep.department_name   = 'Sales'             -- 1 row
+AND e.first_name        = 'William'           -- 1 row
+AND e.last_name         = 'Smith'
+AND prod.product_name   = 'Mobile Web Phone'  -- 1 row (view)
+AND c.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'              --
+AND c.cust_last_name    = 'Harris'            -- 1 row
+GROUP BY
+    dep.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+ ORDER BY
+    total_price
+/ 

tpt/ast/04_cbo_troubleshoot_3.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SELECT /*+ 
+           opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false')
+           cardinality(c o 50000)
+           OPT_ESTIMATE(@"SEL$1", JOIN, ("C"@"SEL$1", "E"@"SEL$1" "D"@"SEL$1" "O"@SEL$1), SCALE_ROWS=100000)
+           cardinality(c e d o 100000)
+    */
+    dep.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+  , SUM(oi.quantity)
+  , sum(oi.unit_price * oi.quantity) total_price
+FROM
+    hr.departments dep  -- 1
+  , hr.employees   e    -- 1
+  , oe.orders      o    -- ?
+  , oe.order_items oi   -- ?
+  , oe.products    prod -- 1
+  , oe.customers   c    -- 1
+  , oe.promotions  prom -- ?
+WHERE
+   -- joins
+    o.order_id          = oi.order_id
+AND oi.product_id       = prod.product_id 
+AND o.promotion_id      = prom.promo_id (+)
+AND o.customer_id       = c.customer_id
+AND o.sales_rep_id      = e.employee_id
+AND dep.department_id   = e.department_id
+   -- filters
+AND dep.department_name   = 'Sales'             -- 1 row
+AND e.first_name        = 'William'           -- 1 row
+AND e.last_name         = 'Smith'
+AND prod.product_name   = 'Mobile Web Phone'  -- 1 row (view)
+AND c.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'              --
+AND c.cust_last_name    = 'Harris'            -- 1 row
+GROUP BY
+    dep.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+ ORDER BY
+    total_price
+/ 

tpt/ast/04_cbo_troubleshoot_denormalized.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SELECT 
+       /*+ opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') 
+              dynamic_sampling(4) opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false') 
+              leading(c d e o oi)
+              use_hash(o)
+              use_hash(oi)
+              index(o)
+              index(oi)
+              NO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS(@"SEL$4B12EFE6" "I"@"SEL$2")
+              NO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS(@"SEL$4B12EFE6" "D"@"SEL$2")
+       */
+    d.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+  , SUM(oi.quantity)
+  , sum(oi.unit_price * oi.quantity) total_price
+FROM
+    oe.orders      o
+  , oe.order_items oi
+  , oe.products    prod
+  , oe.customers   c
+  , oe.promotions  prom
+  , hr.employees   e
+  , hr.departments d
+WHERE
+   -- joins
+    o.order_id          = oi.order_id
+AND oi.product_id       = prod.product_id 
+AND o.promotion_id      = prom.promo_id (+)
+AND o.customer_id       = c.customer_id
+AND o.sales_rep_id      = e.employee_id
+AND d.department_id     = e.department_id
+   -- filters
+AND d.department_name   = 'Sales'
+AND e.first_name        = 'William'
+AND e.last_name         = 'Smith'
+AND prod.product_name   = 'Mobile Web Phone'
+AND c.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'
+AND c.cust_last_name    = 'Harris'
+AND o.customer_id = 189 -- (select customer_id from oe.customers c2
+                        -- WHERE c2.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'
+                        -- AND   c2.cust_last_name    = 'Harris')
+AND oi.customer_id = 189 -- (select customer_id from oe.customers c3
+                         -- WHERE c3.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'
+                         -- AND   c3.cust_last_name    = 'Harris')
+GROUP BY
+    d.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+ ORDER BY
+    total_price
+/ 

tpt/ast/04_cbo_troubleshoot_save.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SELECT /*+ leading (dep e o)
+           NO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS(@"SEL$5488CC2B" "C"@"MAIN")
+           opt_param('_optimizer_use_feedback', 'false')
+           qb_name(main)
+    */
+    dep.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+  , SUM(oi.quantity)
+  , sum(oi.unit_price * oi.quantity) total_price
+FROM
+    hr.departments dep  -- 1
+  , hr.employees   e    -- 1
+  , oe.orders      o    -- ?
+  , oe.order_items oi   -- ?
+  , oe.products    prod -- 1
+  , oe.customers   c    -- 1
+  , oe.promotions  prom -- ?
+WHERE
+   -- joins
+    o.order_id          = oi.order_id
+AND oi.product_id       = prod.product_id 
+AND o.promotion_id      = prom.promo_id (+)
+AND o.customer_id       = c.customer_id
+AND o.sales_rep_id      = e.employee_id
+AND dep.department_id   = e.department_id
+   -- filters
+AND dep.department_name   = 'Sales'             -- 1 row
+AND e.first_name        = 'William'           -- 1 row
+AND e.last_name         = 'Smith'
+AND prod.product_name   = 'Mobile Web Phone'  -- 1 row (view)
+AND c.cust_first_name   = 'Gena'              --
+AND c.cust_last_name    = 'Harris'            -- 1 row
+GROUP BY
+    dep.department_name
+  , e.first_name
+  , e.last_name
+  , prod.product_name
+  , c.cust_first_name
+  , c.cust_last_name
+ ORDER BY
+    total_price
+/ 

tpt/ast/04_cbo_troubleshoot_setup.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+INSERT INTO oe.promotions
+SELECT 10+rownum promo_id, 'promotion '||to_char(10+rownum)
+FROM dual CONNECT BY level < 90
+/
+
+INSERT INTO oe.promotions VALUES (100, 'online super-sale');
+
+exec dbms_stats.gather_schema_stats('OE');
+
+exec dbms_stats.create_stat_table('OE', 'STATS_BACKUP');
+
+exec dbms_stats.export_schema_stats('OE', 'STATS_BACKUP', 'AST_04_TROUBLE_01');
+
+CREATE TABLE oe.tmp AS  SELECT * FROM oe.orders WHERE 1=0;
+
+INSERT /*+ APPEND */ INTO oe.tmp
+SELECT 
+        oe.orders_seq.NEXTVAL
+      , sysdate  -- order date
+      , 'online' -- order mode
+      , 189   -- customer id
+      , 12    -- order status
+      , 99.95 -- order_total
+      , 171   -- sales rep
+      , 100   -- promotion_id
+      , null  -- warehouse_id -- added new column
+    FROM
+       dual CONNECT BY level <= 100000
+/
+COMMIT;
+
+INSERT INTO oe.orders (
+    order_id                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               NOT NULL NUMBER(12)
+  , order_date                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             NOT NULL TIMESTAMP(6) WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE
+  , order_mode                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      VARCHAR2(8)
+  , customer_id                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            NOT NULL NUMBER(6)
+  , order_status                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    NUMBER(2)
+  , order_total                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     NUMBER(8,2)
+  , sales_rep_id                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    NUMBER(6)
+  , promotion_id
+  , warehouse_id  -- added a new column              
+)
+SELECT * FROM oe.tmp
+ORDER BY
+    dbms_random.random -- to increase pk clustering factor
+/
+
+COMMIT;
+
+BEGIN
+    FOR i IN (SELECT order_id FROM oe.tmp) LOOP
+        -- such a lousy loop is needed as there's a "single row" trigger on order_items tab 
+        INSERT INTO oe.order_items (ORDER_ID,PRODUCT_ID,UNIT_PRICE,QUANTITY)
+           VALUES ( i.order_id, 3337, 9.95, power(2,power(2,dbms_random.value(1,3))) );
+        -- commit in a loop so i wouldnt blow up my little undo tablespace
+        COMMIT; 
+    END LOOP;
+END;
+/
+
+-- save old "bad" stats
+exec dbms_stats.export_schema_stats('OE', 'STATS_BACKUP', 'AST_04_TROUBLE_BEGIN');
+-- to restore:
+-- exec dbms_stats.import_schema_stats('OE', 'STATS_BACKUP', 'AST_04_TROUBLE_BEGIN', NO_INVALIDATE=>FALSE);
+
+-- run the 04_cbo_troubleshoot_1.sql and troubleshoot! :)
+
+
+
+

tpt/ast/ast_setup.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DEF datafile_dir=/export/home/oracle/oradata/SOL102
+
+-- CREATE TABLESPACE ast DATAFILE '&datafile_dir/ast.01.dbf' SIZE 200M AUTOEXTEND ON;
+CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE ast DATAFILE SIZE 200M AUTOEXTEND ON;
+
+CREATE USER ast IDENTIFIED BY ast DEFAULT TABLESPACE ast TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp;
+
+ALTER USER ast QUOTA UNLIMITED ON ast;
+
+GRANT CREATE SESSION TO ast;
+GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO ast;
+GRANT SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO ast;
+
+GRANT EXECUTE ON DBMS_LOCK TO ast;
+GRANT EXECUTE ON DBMS_MONITOR  TO ast;
+
+GRANT EXECUTE ON DBMS_SQLTUNE TO ast;
+GRANT EXECUTE ON DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY TO ast;
+
+-- for testing
+GRANT DBA TO ast;
+

tpt/ast/ast_setup_schema.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE test_objects;
+DROP TABLE test_objects10;
+DROP TABLE test_objects100;
+DROP TABLE test_users;
+DROP TABLE indexed_objects;
+DROP TABLE dummy1;
+DROP TABLE dummy2;
+DROP TABLE indexed_source;
+
+CREATE TABLE test_objects AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE TABLE test_objects10 AS SELECT * FROM test_objects WHERE rownum <= 10;
+CREATE TABLE test_objects100 AS SELECT * FROM test_objects WHERE rownum <= 100;
+CREATE TABLE test_users   AS SELECT * FROM all_users;
+
+CREATE TABLE indexed_objects AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX pk_obj_id ON indexed_objects (object_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_owner_name ON indexed_objects(owner,object_name);
+
+CREATE TABLE dummy1 AS SELECT 1 a, 'one' b FROM dual;
+CREATE TABLE dummy2 AS SELECT 1 a, 'one' b FROM dual;
+
+CREATE TABLE indexed_source AS SELECT * FROM dba_source;
+CREATE INDEX idx1_indexed_source ON indexed_source (owner,name,line);
+
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.SET_PARAM('METHOD_OPT', 'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE REPEAT');
+
+--EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS('AST');
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS(user);
+
+-- deterministic PL/SQL functions can utilize PL/SQL function result caching
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_multiply(a IN NUMBER, b IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
+BEGIN
+    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x');
+    RETURN a * b;
+END;
+/
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_multiply_d (a IN NUMBER, b IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
+    DETERMINISTIC
+AS
+BEGIN
+    RETURN a * b;
+END;
+/
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_sqrt (a IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER 
+AS
+BEGIN
+    RETURN SQRT(a);
+END;
+/
+
+-- select max(my_sqrt(mod(rownum,100))) from dual connect by level<=100000;
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_sqrt_d (a IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER 
+    DETERMINISTIC
+AS
+BEGIN
+    RETURN SQRT(a);
+END;
+/
+
+
+
+
+-- additional stuff in scott and other standard demo schemas
+
+create or replace view scott.high_pay_depts as
+select 
+    * 
+from 
+    scott.dept d 
+where 
+    exists (select 1 
+            from
+                scott.emp e
+            where 
+                e.deptno = d.deptno
+            and e.sal > 4500
+    )
+/
+

tpt/ast/execution_plan.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+| Id  | Operation                                                | Name                          | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     | Pstart| Pstop |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                                         |                               |       |       |  2121K(100)|          |       |       |
+|   1 |  SORT ORDER BY                                           |                               |     3 |  6675 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|*  2 |   HASH JOIN                                              |                               |     3 |  6675 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|*  3 |    HASH JOIN OUTER                                       |                               |     1 |  2213 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|   4 |     VIEW                                                 |                               |     1 |  2116 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|   5 |      NESTED LOOPS OUTER                                  |                               |     1 |  1306 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|   6 |       NESTED LOOPS OUTER                                 |                               |     1 |  1248 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|   7 |        NESTED LOOPS                                      |                               |     1 |  1190 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|*  8 |         HASH JOIN                                        |                               |     1 |  1090 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|   9 |          VIEW                                            |                               |     7 |  7329 |  2121K  (1)| 01:21:11 |       |       |
+|  10 |           UNION-ALL                                      |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  11 |            NESTED LOOPS OUTER                            |                               |     1 |   648 | 31348   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  12 |             NESTED LOOPS                                 |                               |     1 |   613 | 31347   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  13 |              NESTED LOOPS OUTER                          |                               |     1 |   513 | 31346   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  14 |               NESTED LOOPS OUTER                         |                               |     1 |   475 | 31345   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  15 |                NESTED LOOPS OUTER                        |                               |     1 |   412 | 31344   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  16 |                 NESTED LOOPS                             |                               |     1 |   312 | 31343   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  17 |                  VIEW                                    |                               |     2 |   424 | 31341   (2)| 00:01:12 |       |       |
+|  18 |                   UNION-ALL                              |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  19 |                    PARTITION LIST ITERATOR               |                               |     1 |   100 | 18711   (1)| 00:00:43 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  20 |                     INLIST ITERATOR                      |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|* 21 |                      TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID   | TABLE_A                       |     1 |   100 | 18711   (1)| 00:00:43 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 22 |                       INDEX RANGE SCAN                   | TABLE_A_PK                    |   335K|       |  3751   (2)| 00:00:09 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 23 |                    TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID     | TABLE_B                       |     1 |   100 | 12628   (2)| 00:00:29 |     1 |     1 |
+|  24 |                     NESTED LOOPS                         |                               |     1 |   150 | 12630   (2)| 00:00:29 |       |       |
+|  25 |                      INLIST ITERATOR                     |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|* 26 |                       TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID        | TABLE_C                       |     1 |    50 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+|* 27 |                        INDEX RANGE SCAN                  | TABLE_C_PK                    |     3 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+|  28 |                      PARTITION RANGE INLIST              |                               | 36582 |       |  6799   (4)| 00:00:16 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  29 |                       PARTITION LIST ITERATOR            |                               | 36582 |       |  6799   (4)| 00:00:16 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 30 |                        INDEX RANGE SCAN                  | TABLE_D_PK                    | 36582 |       |  6799   (4)| 00:00:16 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  31 |                  PARTITION RANGE INLIST                  |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  32 |                   INLIST ITERATOR                        |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  33 |                    PARTITION LIST ITERATOR               |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 34 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 35 |                      INDEX RANGE SCAN                    | TABLE_E_PK                    |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  36 |                 PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                 |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  37 |                  PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                 |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  38 |                   TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID      | TABLE_F                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 39 |                    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                     | TABLE_F_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  40 |                PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                  |                               |     1 |    63 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  41 |                 PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                  |                               |     1 |    63 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  42 |                  TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID       | TABLE_G                       |     1 |    63 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 43 |                   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                      | TABLE_G_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  44 |               PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  45 |                PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 46 |                 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                        | TABLE_H_PK                    |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  47 |              PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                    |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 48 |               TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID          | TABLE_I                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 49 |                INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                         | TABLE_I_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  50 |             PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                     |                               |     1 |    35 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  51 |              PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                     |                               |     1 |    35 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 52 |               INDEX RANGE SCAN                           | TABLE_J_PK                    |     1 |    35 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  53 |            VIEW                                          |                               |     2 |  2076 |  2089K  (1)| 01:19:58 |       |       |
+|  54 |             UNION-ALL                                    |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  55 |              NESTED LOOPS OUTER                          |                               |     1 |   547 |  4574  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|  56 |               NESTED LOOPS OUTER                         |                               |     1 |   447 |  4573  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|  57 |                NESTED LOOPS OUTER                        |                               |     1 |   430 |  4572  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|  58 |                 NESTED LOOPS OUTER                       |                               |     1 |   413 |  4572  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|  59 |                  NESTED LOOPS                            |                               |     1 |   396 |  4571  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|  60 |                   NESTED LOOPS                           |                               |     1 |   300 |  4570  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|* 61 |                    HASH JOIN                             |                               |     1 |   200 |  4569  (91)| 00:00:11 |       |       |
+|  62 |                     INLIST ITERATOR                      |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  63 |                      PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR            |                               |     1 |   100 |   156   (4)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  64 |                       INLIST ITERATOR                    |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  65 |                        PARTITION LIST ITERATOR           |                               |     1 |   100 |   156   (4)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 66 |                         TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID| TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 |   156   (4)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 67 |                          INDEX RANGE SCAN                | TABLE_E_UQ                    |    37 |       |   282   (5)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  68 |                     PARTITION LIST ALL                   |                               |     5 |   500 |  4411  (94)| 00:00:11 |     1 |    26 |
+|* 69 |                      TABLE ACCESS FULL                   | TABLE_A                       |     5 |   500 |  4411  (94)| 00:00:11 |     1 |    26 |
+|  70 |                    PARTITION RANGE INLIST                |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 71 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_I                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 72 |                      INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                   | TABLE_I_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  73 |                   TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID     | TABLE_K                       |     1 |    96 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | ROW L | ROW L |
+|* 74 |                    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                     | TABLE_K_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |       |       |
+|  75 |                  PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                |                               |     6 |   102 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 76 |                   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                      | TABLE_I_PK                    |     6 |   102 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  77 |                 PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                 |                               |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 78 |                  INDEX FAST FULL SCAN                    | TABLE_I_PK                    |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  79 |                PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                  |                               |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 80 |                 INDEX FAST FULL SCAN                     | TABLE_I_PK                    |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  81 |               PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  82 |                PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  83 |                 TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID        | TABLE_L                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|* 84 |                  INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                       | TABLE_L_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|  85 |              NESTED LOOPS OUTER                          |                               |     1 |   570 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  86 |               NESTED LOOPS OUTER                         |                               |     1 |   470 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  87 |                NESTED LOOPS OUTER                        |                               |     1 |   453 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  88 |                 NESTED LOOPS OUTER                       |                               |     1 |   436 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  89 |                  NESTED LOOPS                            |                               |     1 |   419 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  90 |                   NESTED LOOPS                           |                               |     1 |   323 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  91 |                    NESTED LOOPS                          |                               |     1 |   223 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  92 |                     NESTED LOOPS                         |                               |    55 |  6765 |  2085K  (1)| 01:19:48 |       |       |
+|  93 |                      INLIST ITERATOR                     |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|* 94 |                       INDEX RANGE SCAN                   | TABLE_C_PK                    |    89 |  2047 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+|  95 |                      INLIST ITERATOR                     |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|  96 |                       PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR           |                               |     1 |   100 | 23427   (1)| 00:00:54 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|  97 |                        PARTITION LIST INLIST             |                               |     1 |   100 | 23427   (1)| 00:00:54 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 98 |                         TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID| TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 | 23427   (1)| 00:00:54 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|* 99 |                          INDEX RANGE SCAN                | TABLE_E_PK                    | 60462 |       |   748   (8)| 00:00:02 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 100 |                     PARTITION RANGE INLIST               |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 101 |                      PARTITION LIST ITERATOR             |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*102 |                       TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID  | TABLE_B                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*103 |                        INDEX RANGE SCAN                  | TABLE_D_PK                    |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 104 |                    PARTITION RANGE INLIST                |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*105 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_I                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*106 |                      INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                   | TABLE_I_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 107 |                   TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID     | TABLE_K                       |     1 |    96 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | ROW L | ROW L |
+|*108 |                    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                     | TABLE_K_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |       |       |
+| 109 |                  PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                |                               |     6 |   102 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*110 |                   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                      | TABLE_I_PK                    |     6 |   102 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 111 |                 PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                 |                               |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*112 |                  INDEX FAST FULL SCAN                    | TABLE_I_PK                    |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 113 |                PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                  |                               |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*114 |                 INDEX FAST FULL SCAN                     | TABLE_I_PK                    |     6 |   102 |     4  (50)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 115 |               PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 116 |                PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 117 |                 TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID        | TABLE_L                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*118 |                  INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                       | TABLE_L_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 119 |            VIEW                                          |                               |     2 |  2054 |   147   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 120 |             UNION-ALL                                    |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 121 |              NESTED LOOPS                                |                               |     1 |   362 |    74   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 122 |               NESTED LOOPS                               |                               |     1 |   262 |    73   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 123 |                NESTED LOOPS                              |                               |     1 |   200 |    72   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 124 |                 INLIST ITERATOR                          |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 125 |                  PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 126 |                   INLIST ITERATOR                        |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 127 |                    PARTITION LIST ITERATOR               |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*128 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*129 |                      INDEX RANGE SCAN                    | TABLE_E_UQ                    |     6 |       |   137   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 130 |                 PARTITION RANGE INLIST                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 131 |                  PARTITION LIST ALL                      |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |     1 |     9 |
+|*132 |                   TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID      | TABLE_B                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*133 |                    INDEX RANGE SCAN                      | TABLE_D_PK                    |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 134 |                TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID        | TABLE_K                       |     1 |    62 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | ROW L | ROW L |
+|*135 |                 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                        | TABLE_K_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |       |       |
+| 136 |               PARTITION RANGE INLIST                     |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*137 |                TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID         | TABLE_I                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*138 |                 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                        | TABLE_I_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*139 |              FILTER                                      |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+|*140 |               TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID          | TABLE_B                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |     1 |     1 |
+| 141 |                NESTED LOOPS                              |                               |     1 |   200 |    72   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 142 |                 INLIST ITERATOR                          |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 143 |                  PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 144 |                   INLIST ITERATOR                        |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 145 |                    PARTITION LIST ITERATOR               |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*146 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*147 |                      INDEX RANGE SCAN                    | TABLE_E_UQ                    |     6 |       |   137   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 148 |                 PARTITION RANGE INLIST                   |                               |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 149 |                  PARTITION LIST ALL                      |                               |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |     1 |     9 |
+|*150 |                   INDEX RANGE SCAN                       | TABLE_D_PK                    |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 151 |            NESTED LOOPS OUTER                            |                               |     1 |   426 |    76   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 152 |             NESTED LOOPS                                 |                               |     1 |   358 |    75   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 153 |              NESTED LOOPS OUTER                          |                               |     1 |   313 |    74   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 154 |               NESTED LOOPS OUTER                         |                               |     1 |   275 |    73   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 155 |                NESTED LOOPS                              |                               |     1 |   200 |    72   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 156 |                 INLIST ITERATOR                          |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 157 |                  PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 158 |                   INLIST ITERATOR                        |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 159 |                    PARTITION LIST ITERATOR               |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*160 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*161 |                      INDEX RANGE SCAN                    | TABLE_E_UQ                    |     6 |       |   137   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 162 |                 PARTITION RANGE INLIST                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 163 |                  PARTITION LIST SINGLE                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*164 |                   TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID      | TABLE_B                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*165 |                    INDEX RANGE SCAN                      | TABLE_D_PK                    |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 166 |                PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                  |                               |     1 |    75 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 167 |                 PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                  |                               |     1 |    75 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 168 |                  TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID       | TABLE_G                       |     1 |    75 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*169 |                   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                      | TABLE_G_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 170 |               PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 171 |                PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*172 |                 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                        | TABLE_H_PK                    |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 173 |              PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                    |                               |     1 |    45 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*174 |               TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID          | TABLE_I                       |     1 |    45 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*175 |                INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                         | TABLE_I_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 176 |             PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                     |                               |     1 |    68 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 177 |              PARTITION LIST SINGLE                       |                               |     1 |    68 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 178 |               TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID          | TABLE_F                       |     1 |    68 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*179 |                INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                         | TABLE_F_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 180 |            NESTED LOOPS OUTER                            |                               |     1 |   423 |    76   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 181 |             NESTED LOOPS                                 |                               |     1 |   355 |    75   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 182 |              NESTED LOOPS OUTER                          |                               |     1 |   310 |    74   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 183 |               NESTED LOOPS OUTER                         |                               |     1 |   272 |    73   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 184 |                NESTED LOOPS                              |                               |     1 |   200 |    72   (2)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 185 |                 INLIST ITERATOR                          |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 186 |                  PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 187 |                   INLIST ITERATOR                        |                               |       |       |            |          |       |       |
+| 188 |                    PARTITION LIST ITERATOR               |                               |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*189 |                     TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | TABLE_E                       |     1 |   100 |    71   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*190 |                      INDEX RANGE SCAN                    | TABLE_E_UQ                    |     6 |       |   137   (2)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 191 |                 PARTITION RANGE INLIST                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 192 |                  PARTITION LIST SINGLE                   |                               |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*193 |                   TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID      | TABLE_B                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+|*194 |                    INDEX RANGE SCAN                      | TABLE_D_PK                    |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY(I | KEY(I |
+| 195 |                PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                  |                               |     1 |    72 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 196 |                 PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                  |                               |     1 |    72 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 197 |                  TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID       | TABLE_G                       |     1 |    72 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*198 |                   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                      | TABLE_G_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 199 |               PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 200 |                PARTITION LIST ITERATOR                   |                               |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*201 |                 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                        | TABLE_H_PK                    |     1 |    38 |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 202 |              PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                    |                               |     1 |    45 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*203 |               TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID          | TABLE_I                       |     1 |    45 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*204 |                INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                         | TABLE_I_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 205 |             PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR                     |                               |     1 |    68 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 206 |              PARTITION LIST SINGLE                       |                               |     1 |    68 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 207 |               TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID          | TABLE_F                       |     1 |    68 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |   KEY |   KEY |
+|*208 |                INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                         | TABLE_F_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |   KEY |   KEY |
+| 209 |          TABLE ACCESS FULL                               | TABLE_M                       |   252 | 10836 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 210 |         TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID                      | TABLE_N                       |     1 |   100 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+|*211 |          INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                               | TABLE_N_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |       |       |
+| 212 |        TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID                       | TABLE_O                       |     1 |    58 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+|*213 |         INDEX RANGE SCAN                                 | TABLE_O_PK                    |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |       |       |
+| 214 |       TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID                        | TABLE_P                       |     1 |    58 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+|*215 |        INDEX RANGE SCAN                                  | TABLE_P_IDX                   |     1 |       |     0   (0)|          |       |       |
+| 216 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL                                    | TABLE_Q                       |   227 | 22019 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 217 |    VIEW                                                  |                               |   252 |  3024 |     3  (34)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 218 |     SORT UNIQUE                                          |                               |   252 |  3024 |     3  (34)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+| 219 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL                                   | TABLE_M                       |   252 |  3024 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |       |       |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tpt/ast/index_coalesce_candidate.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SET LINES 1000 PAGES 5000 TRIMSPOOL ON TRIMOUT ON TAB OFF
+
+COL owner FOR A15
+COL object_name FOR A30
+
+WITH trends AS (
+    SELECT
+        o.owner
+      , o.object_name
+      , o.subobject_name
+      , o.object_type
+      , MIN(ih.savtime) first_sample
+      , MAX(ih.savtime) last_sample
+      , REGR_SLOPE(ih.rowcnt / NULLIF(ih.leafcnt,0), (SYSDATE-CAST(ih.savtime AS DATE)) ) regr1
+      , REGR_SLOPE(ih.rowcnt, ih.leafcnt) regr2
+      , ROUND(MIN(ih.rowcnt / NULLIF(ih.leafcnt,0))) min_avg_rows_per_block
+      , ROUND(MAX(ih.rowcnt / NULLIF(ih.leafcnt,0))) max_avg_rows_per_block
+      , MIN(ih.rowcnt)                               min_rowcnt
+      , MAX(ih.rowcnt)                               max_rowcnt
+      , MIN(ih.leafcnt)                              min_leafcnt
+      , MAX(ih.leafcnt)                              max_leafcnt
+      , MIN(ih.lblkkey)                              min_lblkkey
+      , MAX(ih.lblkkey)                              max_lblkkey
+      , MIN(ih.dblkkey)                              min_dblkkey
+      , MAX(ih.dblkkey)                              max_dblkkey
+      , MIN(ih.blevel)+1                             min_height              
+      , MAX(ih.blevel)+1                             max_height
+    FROM
+        dba_objects o
+      , sys.wri$_optstat_ind_history ih
+    WHERE
+        o.object_id       = ih.obj#
+    AND o.object_type     LIKE 'INDEX%'
+    AND (
+        UPPER(o.object_name) LIKE
+                    UPPER(CASE
+                        WHEN INSTR('&1','.') > 0 THEN
+                            SUBSTR('&1',INSTR('&1','.')+1)
+                        ELSE
+                            '&1'
+                        END
+                         )
+    AND UPPER(o.owner) LIKE
+            CASE WHEN INSTR('&1','.') > 0 THEN
+                UPPER(SUBSTR('&1',1,INSTR('&1','.')-1))
+            ELSE
+                user
+            END
+    )
+    GROUP BY
+        o.owner
+      , o.object_name
+      , o.subobject_name
+      , o.object_type
+    ORDER BY
+    --    ih.savtime
+        regr1 DESC NULLS LAST
+)
+SELECT * FROM (
+    SELECT
+        t.owner
+      , t.object_name
+      , t.subobject_name partition_name
+      , t.object_type
+      , ROUND(s.bytes / 1048576) current_mb
+      , CAST(first_sample AS DATE) first_sample
+      , CAST(last_sample  AS DATE) last_sample
+      , min_avg_rows_per_block
+      , max_avg_rows_per_block
+      , min_leafcnt
+      , max_leafcnt
+      , min_lblkkey
+      , max_lblkkey
+      , min_dblkkey
+      , max_dblkkey
+      , t.regr1
+      , t.regr2
+      --, ROUND(SUM(s.bytes) / 1048576) mb_sum
+      --, COUNT(*)
+    FROM
+        trends t
+      , dba_segments s
+    WHERE
+        t.owner           = s.owner
+    AND t.object_name     = s.segment_name
+    AND t.object_type     = s.segment_type
+    AND (t.subobject_name = s.partition_name OR (t.subobject_name IS NULL AND s.partition_name IS NULL))
+    --GROUP BY
+    --    t.owner
+    --  , t.object_name
+    --  , t.object_type
+    --  , t.subobject_name
+    ORDER BY regr1 DESC NULLS LAST
+)
+WHERE
+    ROWNUM<=20
+/ 

tpt/ast/index_coalesce_candidate_detail.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+COL owner FOR A15
+COL object_name FOR A30
+
+SELECT
+    o.owner
+  , o.object_name
+  , o.object_type
+  , ROUND(ih.rowcnt / NULLIF(ih.leafcnt,0)) avg_rows_per_block
+  , ih.rowcnt
+  , ih.leafcnt
+  , ih.lblkkey
+  , ih.dblkkey
+  , ih.blevel
+FROM
+    dba_objects o
+  , sys.wri$_optstat_ind_history ih
+WHERE
+    o.object_id = ih.obj#
+AND o.object_type LIKE 'INDEX%'
+AND o.object_name LIKE '&1'
+ORDER BY
+    ih.savtime
+/ 

tpt/ast/index_compress_candidate.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+SELECT
+    i.index_name
+
+
+FROM
+

tpt/ast/index_range_scan_rereads.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- enable physical IO tracing
+
+@seg soe.orders
+@ind soe.orders
+@descxx soe.orders
+
+ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10298 trace name context forever, level 1';
+EXEC SYS.DBMS_MONITOR.SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE(waits=>TRUE);
+
+SET TIMING ON
+SET AUTOTRACE ON STAT
+
+PAUSE Press enter to start...
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR INDEX(o, o(warehouse_id)) */ SUM(order_total) FROM soe.orders o WHERE warehouse_id BETWEEN 400 AND 599;
+
+SET AUTOTRACE OFF
+

tpt/ast/new_outer_join_and_or.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- DROP TABLE s;
+-- DROP TABLE t;
+-- 
+-- CREATE TABLE s AS SELECT * FROM dba_segments;
+-- CREATE TABLE t AS SELECT * FROM dba_tables;
+-- 
+-- SET TIMING ON
+
+-- SELECT COUNT(*) 
+-- FROM
+--     t
+--   , s 
+-- WHERE
+--        (t.owner = s.owner AND t.table_name = s.segment_name) 
+--     OR (t.owner = s.owner AND UPPER(t.table_name) = UPPER(s.segment_name))
+-- /
+-- 
+-- @x
+
+SELECT 
+  /*+
+      ALL_ROWS
+      MERGE(@"SEL$2")
+      FULL(@"SEL$64EAE176" "T"@"SEL$2")
+      NO_ACCESS(@"SEL$64EAE176" "from$_subquery$_004"@"SEL$2")
+      LEADING(@"SEL$64EAE176" "T"@"SEL$2" "from$_subquery$_004"@"SEL$2")
+      USE_HASH(@"SEL$64EAE176" "from$_subquery$_004"@"SEL$2")
+      FULL(@"SEL$1" "S"@"SEL$1")
+  */
+  COUNT(*) 
+FROM
+    t 
+   LEFT OUTER JOIN
+    s 
+ON (
+       (t.owner = s.owner AND t.table_name = s.segment_name) 
+    OR (t.owner = s.owner AND UPPER(t.table_name) = UPPER(s.segment_name))
+);
+
+-- @x
+
+-- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (
+--     SELECT * FROM t LEFT JOIN s ON (t.owner = s.owner AND t.table_name = s.segment_name)
+--     UNION 
+--     SELECT * FROM t LEFT JOIN s ON (t.owner = s.owner AND UPPER(t.table_name) = UPPER(s.segment_name))
+-- );
+-- 
+-- @x
+

tpt/ast/scalar_subquery_in_where_clause.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- A-Times were misestimated with the default sampling 
+-- ALTER SESSION SET "_rowsource_statistics_sampfreq"=1; 
+ALTER SESSION SET "_serial_direct_read"=ALWAYS;
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR test2a */
+    SUM(LENGTH(object_name)) + SUM(LENGTH(object_type)) + SUM(LENGTH(owner))
+FROM
+    test_objects_100m o
+WHERE
+    o.owner = (SELECT u.username FROM test_users u WHERE user_id = 13)
+/
+@getprev
+@xpi &prev_sql_id
+@xia &prev_sql_id &prev_child_number
+
+-- @ash/asqlmon &prev_sql_id &prev_child_number
+-- @sqlidx &prev_sql_id &prev_child_number
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR NO_PUSH_SUBQ(@"SEL$2") test2b */
+    SUM(LENGTH(object_name)) + SUM(LENGTH(object_type)) + SUM(LENGTH(owner))
+FROM
+    test_objects_100m o
+WHERE
+    o.owner = (SELECT u.username FROM test_users u WHERE user_id = 13)
+/
+@getprev
+-- @ash/asqlmon &prev_sql_id &prev_child_number
+-- @sqlidx &prev_sql_id &prev_child_number
+@xpi &prev_sql_id
+@xia &prev_sql_id &prev_child_number
+
+-- ALTER SESSION SET "_rowsource_statistics_sampfreq"=128;
+
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR OPT_PARAM('cell_offload_processing', 'false') test3a */
+    SUM(LENGTH(object_name)) + SUM(LENGTH(object_type)) + SUM(LENGTH(owner))
+FROM
+    test_objects_100m o
+WHERE
+    o.owner = (SELECT u.username FROM test_users u WHERE user_id = 13)
+/
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR NO_PUSH_SUBQ(@"SEL$2") OPT_PARAM('cell_offload_processing', 'false') test3b */
+    SUM(LENGTH(object_name)) + SUM(LENGTH(object_type)) + SUM(LENGTH(owner))
+FROM
+    test_objects_100m o
+WHERE
+    o.owner = (SELECT u.username FROM test_users u WHERE user_id = 13)
+/
+
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR PUSH_SUBQ(@"SEL$2") OPT_PARAM('cell_offload_processing', 'true') test4a */
+    SUM(LENGTH(object_name)) + SUM(LENGTH(object_type)) + SUM(LENGTH(owner))
+FROM
+    test_objects_100m o
+WHERE
+    o.owner = (SELECT u.username FROM test_users u WHERE user_id = 13)
+/
+
+SELECT /*+ MONITOR NO_PUSH_SUBQ(@"SEL$2") OPT_PARAM('cell_offload_processing', 'true') test4b */
+    SUM(LENGTH(object_name)) + SUM(LENGTH(object_type)) + SUM(LENGTH(owner))
+FROM
+    test_objects_100m o
+WHERE
+    o.owner = (SELECT u.username FROM test_users u WHERE user_id = 13)
+/
+
+
+

tpt/ast/scalar_subquery_unnesting.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- DROP TABLE test_users;
+-- DROP TABLE test_objects;
+CREATE TABLE test_users  AS SELECT * FROM all_users;
+CREATE TABLE test_objects AS SELECT * FROM all_objects;
+@gts test_users
+@gts test_objects
+
+@53on 
+
+SELECT /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
+    u.username
+  , (SELECT MAX(created) FROM test_objects o WHERE o.owner = u.username)
+FROM
+    test_users u
+WHERE
+    username LIKE 'S%'
+/
+
+@53off
+@xall
+@53on
+
+-- ALTER SESSION SET "_optimizer_unnest_scalar_sq" = FALSE;
+
+SELECT /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS NO_UNNEST(@ssq) */
+    u.username
+  , (SELECT /*+ QB_NAME(ssq) */ MAX(created) FROM test_objects o WHERE o.owner = u.username)
+FROM
+    test_users u
+WHERE
+    username LIKE 'S%'
+/
+
+@53off
+@xall
+

tpt/ast/soe_query.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+-- Copyright 2017 Tanel Poder ( tanel@tanelpoder.com | http://tanelpoder.com )
+--
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+-- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+-- You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+-- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+-- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+-- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+-- limitations under the License.
+--
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ALTER SESSION SET plsql_optimize_level = 0;
+
+DECLARE
+    n NUMBER;
+BEGIN
+    FOR i IN 1 .. &1 LOOP
+        n := DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE;
+				EXECUTE IMMEDIATE q'[SELECT 
+						prod.product_name
+					, c.cust_first_name
+					, c.cust_last_name
+					, SUM(oi.quantity)
+					, sum(oi.unit_price * oi.quantity) total_price
+				FROM
+						soe.orders      o
+					, soe.order_items oi
+					, soe.products    prod
+					, soe.customers   c
+				WHERE
+					 -- joins
+						o.order_id                 = oi.order_id
+				AND oi.product_id              = prod.product_id 
+				AND o.customer_id              = c.customer_id
+					 -- filters
+				AND prod.product_name          = 'Mobile Web Phone'||:v
+				AND LOWER(c.cust_first_name)   = LOWER('Gena'||:v)
+				AND LOWER(c.cust_last_name)    = LOWER('Harris'||:v)
+				GROUP BY
+						prod.product_name
+					, c.cust_first_name
+					, c.cust_last_name
+				 ORDER BY
+						total_price]'
+				 USING n, n, n;
+		END LOOP;
+END LOOP;
+/ 

tpt/ast/subquery_execution.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+-- starting from 10g, the push_subq hint must be specified in the subquery block
+-- you wish to push earlier (or with the @subq hint addressing)
+
+select
+   e.*
+ , d.dname
+from
+   scott.emp   e
+ , scott.dept  d
+where
+    e.deptno = d.deptno
+and exists (
+        select /*+ no_unnest push_subq */
+            1
+        from 
+            scott.bonus b
+        where
+            b.ename = e.ename
+        and b.job   = e.job
+)
+/
+

tpt/ast/test_index_coalesce_candidate.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE tcoal;
+DROP SEQUENCE scoal;
+CREATE TABLE tcoal (id NUMBER, a VARCHAR2(100), b VARCHAR2(100)) TABLESPACE users;
+CREATE INDEX icoal1 ON tcoal(id)   TABLESPACE users;
+CREATE INDEX icoal2 ON tcoal(id,a) TABLESPACE users;
+CREATE INDEX icoal3 ON tcoal(b)    TABLESPACE users;
+CREATE SEQUENCE scoal CACHE 10000;
+
+BEGIN FOR i IN 1..100 LOOP
+    INSERT INTO tcoal SELECT scoal.NEXTVAL, DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('a', 20), DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('a', 20)
+    FROM dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 10000;
+    COMMIT;
+    DBMS_STATS.GATHER_INDEX_STATS(user, 'ICOAL1');
+    DBMS_STATS.GATHER_INDEX_STATS(user, 'ICOAL2');
+    DBMS_STATS.GATHER_INDEX_STATS(user, 'ICOAL3');
+END LOOP; END;
+/
+
+BEGIN FOR i in 1..100 LOOP
+    DELETE FROM tcoal WHERE MOD(id,100)!=0 AND rownum <= 10000;
+    INSERT INTO tcoal SELECT scoal.NEXTVAL, DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('a', 20), DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('a', 20)
+    FROM dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 10000;
+
+    DBMS_STATS.GATHER_INDEX_STATS(user, 'ICOAL1');
+    DBMS_STATS.GATHER_INDEX_STATS(user, 'ICOAL2');
+    DBMS_STATS.GATHER_INDEX_STATS(user, 'ICOAL3');
+END LOOP; END;
+/
+

tpt/ast/test_plan.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+| Id  | Operation                           | Name                       | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers | Reads  | Writes |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                    |                            |      1 |        |      2 |00:00:06.65 |   50499 |   2086 |   1041 |       |       |          |
+|   1 |  TEMP TABLE TRANSFORMATION          |                            |      1 |        |      2 |00:00:06.65 |   50499 |   2086 |   1041 |       |       |          |
+|   2 |   LOAD AS SELECT                    |                            |      1 |        |      0 |00:00:06.32 |   48405 |      2 |   1041 |   530K|   530K|  530K (0)|
+|*  3 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID      | SUM$                       |      3 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       3 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*  4 |     INDEX UNIQUE SCAN               | I_SUM$_1                   |      3 |      1 |      3 |00:00:00.01 |       2 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|   5 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID      | OBJ$                       |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*  6 |     INDEX RANGE SCAN                | I_OBJ1                     |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*  7 |    FILTER                           |                            |      1 |        |  73027 |00:00:05.77 |   47342 |      2 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*  8 |     HASH JOIN                       |                            |      1 |  74860 |  74936 |00:00:00.79 |     948 |      0 |      0 |  1063K|  1063K| 1234K (0)|
+|   9 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL              | USER$                      |      1 |    104 |    104 |00:00:00.01 |       7 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 10 |      HASH JOIN                      |                            |      1 |  74860 |  74936 |00:00:00.51 |     941 |      0 |      0 |   981K|   981K| 1254K (0)|
+|  11 |       INDEX FULL SCAN               | I_USER2                    |      1 |    104 |    104 |00:00:00.01 |       1 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 12 |       TABLE ACCESS FULL             | OBJ$                       |      1 |  74860 |  74936 |00:00:00.18 |     940 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 13 |     TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID     | IND$                       |   4995 |      1 |   4087 |00:00:00.04 |     933 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 14 |      INDEX UNIQUE SCAN              | I_IND1                     |   4995 |      1 |   4995 |00:00:00.01 |     134 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 15 |     HASH JOIN                       |                            |  25955 |      1 |  24502 |00:00:03.60 |   26661 |      0 |      0 |   981K|   981K| 1051K (0)|
+|* 16 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN               | I_OBJAUTH1                 |  25955 |      1 |  24747 |00:00:00.19 |   26661 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  17 |      FIXED TABLE FULL               | X$KZSRO                    |  24589 |    100 |  27424 |00:00:00.18 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 18 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 19 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  20 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |   1645 |      1 |     96 |00:00:00.01 |    1865 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 21 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN               | I_OBJAUTH1                 |   1645 |      1 |    133 |00:00:00.01 |    1865 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 22 |      FIXED TABLE FULL               | X$KZSRO                    |    133 |      1 |     96 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 23 |     HASH JOIN                       |                            |   2845 |      1 |   1478 |00:00:00.48 |    3051 |      0 |      0 |   990K|   990K|  485K (0)|
+|* 24 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN               | I_OBJAUTH1                 |   2845 |      1 |   1551 |00:00:00.02 |    3051 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  25 |      FIXED TABLE FULL               | X$KZSRO                    |   1493 |    100 |   1853 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 26 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  27 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |   1255 |        |      0 |00:00:00.35 |    7429 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  28 |      NESTED LOOPS                   |                            |   1255 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.35 |    7429 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  29 |       NESTED LOOPS                  |                            |   1255 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.35 |    7429 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  30 |        NESTED LOOPS                 |                            |   1255 |      1 |  28865 |00:00:00.25 |    4702 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  31 |         MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN        |                            |   1255 |      1 |  28865 |00:00:00.12 |    3445 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 32 |          INDEX RANGE SCAN           | I_OBJ5                     |   1255 |      1 |   1255 |00:00:00.01 |    3445 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  33 |          BUFFER SORT                |                            |   1255 |    100 |  28865 |00:00:00.07 |       0 |      0 |      0 |  2048 |  2048 | 2048  (0)|
+|  34 |           FIXED TABLE FULL          | X$KZSRO                    |   1255 |    100 |  28865 |00:00:00.03 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 35 |         INDEX RANGE SCAN            | I_USER2                    |  28865 |      1 |  28865 |00:00:00.07 |    1257 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 36 |        INDEX RANGE SCAN             | I_OBJAUTH1                 |  28865 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.06 |    2727 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 37 |       INDEX RANGE SCAN              | I_DEPENDENCY1              |      0 |      3 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 38 |      TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID    | DEPENDENCY$                |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 39 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  40 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |    617 |      1 |      7 |00:00:00.01 |    1923 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  41 |      NESTED LOOPS                   |                            |    617 |      1 |     19 |00:00:00.01 |    1923 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 42 |       TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID   | TRIGGER$                   |    617 |      1 |    592 |00:00:00.01 |    1245 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 43 |        INDEX UNIQUE SCAN            | I_TRIGGER2                 |    617 |      1 |    617 |00:00:00.01 |     628 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 44 |       INDEX RANGE SCAN              | I_OBJAUTH1                 |    592 |      1 |     19 |00:00:00.01 |     678 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 45 |      FIXED TABLE FULL               | X$KZSRO                    |     19 |      1 |      7 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 46 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  47 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |    240 |        |      0 |00:00:00.07 |    1471 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  48 |      NESTED LOOPS                   |                            |    240 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.07 |    1471 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  49 |       NESTED LOOPS                  |                            |    240 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.07 |    1471 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  50 |        NESTED LOOPS                 |                            |    240 |      1 |   5727 |00:00:00.05 |     926 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  51 |         MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN        |                            |    240 |      1 |   5727 |00:00:00.02 |     684 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 52 |          INDEX RANGE SCAN           | I_OBJ5                     |    240 |      1 |    249 |00:00:00.01 |     684 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  53 |          BUFFER SORT                |                            |    249 |    100 |   5727 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |  2048 |  2048 | 2048  (0)|
+|  54 |           FIXED TABLE FULL          | X$KZSRO                    |    240 |    100 |   5520 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 55 |         INDEX RANGE SCAN            | I_USER2                    |   5727 |      1 |   5727 |00:00:00.01 |     242 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 56 |        INDEX RANGE SCAN             | I_OBJAUTH1                 |   5727 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |     545 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 57 |       INDEX RANGE SCAN              | I_DEPENDENCY1              |      0 |      3 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 58 |      TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID    | DEPENDENCY$                |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 59 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 60 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 61 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 62 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 63 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 64 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 65 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 66 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 67 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  68 |     VIEW                            |                            |     52 |      1 |     52 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  69 |      FAST DUAL                      |                            |     52 |      1 |     52 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 70 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 71 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 72 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 73 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 74 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 75 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 76 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 77 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 78 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 79 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 80 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 81 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  82 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 83 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN               | I_OBJAUTH1                 |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 84 |      FIXED TABLE FULL               | X$KZSRO                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 85 |     FIXED TABLE FULL                | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  86 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 87 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN               | I_OBJAUTH1                 |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 88 |      FIXED TABLE FULL               | X$KZSRO                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 89 |       FIXED TABLE FULL              | X$KZSPR                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  90 |     VIEW                            |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  91 |      SORT GROUP BY                  |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 | 73728 | 73728 |          |
+|  92 |       NESTED LOOPS                  |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  93 |        MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN         |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  94 |         NESTED LOOPS                |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 95 |          INDEX UNIQUE SCAN          | I_OLAP_CUBES$              |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 96 |          TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| OLAP_DIMENSIONALITY$       |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|* 97 |           INDEX RANGE SCAN          | I_OLAP_DIMENSIONALITY$     |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|  98 |         BUFFER SORT                 |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 | 73728 | 73728 |          |
+|  99 |          INDEX FULL SCAN            | I_OLAP_CUBE_DIMENSIONS$    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*100 |        INDEX RANGE SCAN             | I_OBJ1                     |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 101 |     NESTED LOOPS                    |                            |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*102 |      INDEX FULL SCAN                | I_USER2                    |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+|*103 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN               | I_OBJ4                     |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |      0 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 104 |   UNION-ALL                         |                            |      1 |        |      2 |00:00:00.33 |    2091 |   2084 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 105 |    SORT AGGREGATE                   |                            |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.18 |    1047 |   1042 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 106 |     VIEW                            |                            |      1 |  31935 |  73027 |00:00:00.13 |    1047 |   1042 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 107 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL              | SYS_TEMP_0FD9D6637_489CA79 |      1 |  31935 |  73027 |00:00:00.07 |    1047 |   1042 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 108 |    SORT AGGREGATE                   |                            |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.15 |    1044 |   1042 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 109 |     VIEW                            |                            |      1 |  31935 |  73027 |00:00:00.12 |    1044 |   1042 |      0 |       |       |          |
+| 110 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL              | SYS_TEMP_0FD9D6637_489CA79 |      1 |  31935 |  73027 |00:00:00.05 |    1044 |   1042 |      0 |       |       |          |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+

tpt/ast/trace/cbo_analyze.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+cat $1 | awk '
+
+function p(str) { printf("%6d: %s\n", NR, str) ; return 0 }
+
+/Now joining|Join order/{ p($0) } 
+
+/^Best::/{ x=1 ; p($0) } 
+
+(!/Best::/ && x ==1) { p($0) ; x=0 }
+
+' 

tpt/ast/use_concat.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+-- Copyright 2018 Tanel Poder. All rights reserved. More info at http://tanelpoder.com
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for terms & conditions.
+
+DROP TABLE t;
+
+CREATE TABLE t AS SELECT * FROM dba_objects;
+
+CREATE INDEX t_i1 ON t (object_id);
+CREATE INDEX t_i2 ON t (data_object_id);
+
+EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'T');
+
+SELECT owner FROM t WHERE object_id = 123 OR data_object_id = 456;
+
+SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(null,null,'+OUTLINE'));
+