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# 📄 Technical Guide: Setting Up TLS for PostgreSQL
This document consolidates the group’s discussion into a practical, production‑ready reference for configuring and using TLS with PostgreSQL, including server setup, client configuration, password management, and example application code.
---
## 1. Overview
PostgreSQL supports encrypted connections using TLS (often referred to as SSL in its configuration). Enabling TLS ensures secure client–server communication and can optionally enforce client certificate authentication. This guide provides step‑by‑step instructions for server and client configuration, common pitfalls, and usage examples.
---
## 2. Server-Side Configuration
### Certificates
* Required files:
* [`server.key`](https://server.key) → private key
* [`server.crt`](https://server.crt) → server certificate
* [`root.crt`](https://root.crt) → CA certificate (recommended)
* Sources: internal PKI, Let’s Encrypt, or self‑signed CA.
* Permissions: [`server.key`](https://server.key) must be `0600` or root‑owned with restricted group access.
### Placement
* Default paths:
* `$PGDATA/`[`server.key`](https://server.key)
* `$PGDATA/`[`server.crt`](https://server.crt)
* Override with `ssl_cert_file`, `ssl_key_file`, `ssl_ca_file` in [`postgresql.conf`](https://postgresql.conf).
### Configuration
Enable TLS in [`postgresql.conf`](https://postgresql.conf):
```conf
ssl = on
ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5'
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on
ssl_min_protocol_version = 'TLSv1.2'
ssl_max_protocol_version = 'TLSv1.3'
```
### Access Control
Configure `pg_hba.conf`:
* Allow TLS but not require:
```
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
```
* Require TLS:
```
hostssl all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
```
* Require TLS + client certificate:
```
hostssl all all 0.0.0.0/0 cert
```
---
## 3. Client-Side Configuration
### Basic TLS
```bash
psql "host=db.example.com sslmode=require"
```
### Verify server certificate
```bash
psql "host=db.example.com sslmode=verify-full sslrootcert=/etc/ssl/myca/root.crt"
```
* `sslrootcert` is a **client-side path** to the CA certificate.
### Mutual TLS
```bash
psql "host=db.example.com sslmode=verify-full \
sslrootcert=/etc/ssl/myca/root.crt \
sslcert=/etc/ssl/myca/client.crt \
sslkey=/etc/ssl/myca/client.key"
```
### Modes comparison
| Mode | Encrypts | Validates CA | Validates Hostname | Typical Use |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `require` | Yes | No | No | Basic encryption |
| `verify-ca` | Yes | Yes | No | Internal/IP-based |
| `verify-full` | Yes | Yes | Yes | Production |
---
## 4. Password Management
### `.pgpass` file (recommended)
Format:
```
hostname:port:database:username:password
```
Example:
```
db.example.com:5432:mydb:myuser:SuperSecretPassword123
localhost:5432:*:postgres:localdevpass
*:5432:*:replicator:replicaPassword
```
* Location: `~/.pgpass`
* Permissions: `chmod 600 ~/.pgpass`
* Supports wildcards (`*`).
### Environment variable
```bash
PGPASSWORD='secret123' psql -U myuser -h localhost -d mydb
```
Less secure; use only for quick commands.
---
## 5. Testing & Verification
* Check server TLS status:
```sql
SHOW ssl;
```
* Inspect negotiated protocol & cipher:
```sql
SELECT * FROM pg_stat_ssl;
```
* External test:
```bash
openssl s_client -connect db.example.com:5432 -starttls postgres
```
---
## 6. Common Pitfalls
| Issue | Cause | Fix |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `FATAL: private key file has group or world access` | Wrong permissions | `chmod 600 `[`server.key`](https://server.key) |
| Client rejects certificate | CN/SAN mismatch | Ensure proper DNS SANs |
| TLS not enforced | Used `host` instead of `hostssl` | Update `pg_hba.conf` |
| Backup tools fail | Key readable only by postgres | Store certs outside `$PGDATA` if group-readable needed |
---
## 7. Application Example (Python)
Minimal psycopg2 script with TLS `verify-full` and bind variables:
```python
import psycopg2
import psycopg2.extras
def main():
conn = psycopg2.connect(
host="db.example.com",
port=5432,
dbname="mydb",
user="myuser",
password="SuperSecretPassword123",
sslmode="verify-full",
sslrootcert="/etc/ssl/myca/root.crt",
sslcert="/etc/ssl/myca/client.crt", # optional
sslkey="/etc/ssl/myca/client.key" # optional
)
with conn:
with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor) as cur:
cur.execute("SELECT id, name FROM demo WHERE id = %s", (1,))
print("SELECT:", cur.fetchone())
cur.execute("INSERT INTO demo (id, name) VALUES (%s, %s)", (2, "Inserted Name"))
cur.execute("UPDATE demo SET name = %s WHERE id = %s", ("Updated Name", 2))
cur.execute("DELETE FROM demo WHERE id = %s", (2,))
conn.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
```
---
## Appendix / Future Considerations
* Hardened production templates (PKI layout, Ansible roles, CI/CD verification checklist).
* Alternative drivers: psycopg3, SQLAlchemy, async examples.
* Integration with secret management (Kubernetes secrets, systemd, Ansible vault).
* Directory layout best practices for server vs client PKI.
---
✅ This document now serves as a consolidated technical guide for setting up and using TLS with PostgreSQL, including secure password handling and client application integration.

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set lines 256
column client_name format a35
column task_name format a30
column last_try_date format a20
column last_good_date format a20
column next_try_date format a20
alter session set nls_timestamp_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
select
client_name, task_name, status,
to_char(last_try_date,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as last_try_date,
to_char(last_good_date,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as last_good_date,
to_char(next_try_date,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as next_try_date
from dba_autotask_task;
SQL> show parameter optimizer%baselines
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines boolean FALSE
optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines boolean TRUE
set lines 200
set pages 1000
col parameter_name for a35
col parameter_value for a30
col last_modified for a30
col modified_by for a30
select * from dba_sql_management_config where parameter_name like 'AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK%';
exec dbms_spm.configure('AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK','ON');
exec dbms_spm.configure('AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK','OFF');
The list of tunable parameters with DBMS_SPM.CONFIGURE:
col description FOR a40 word_wrapped
SET pages 1000
select parameter_name, parameter_value, description
from dba_advisor_parameters
where task_name = 'SYS_AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK'
and parameter_value != 'UNUSED';
set lines 256
col DBID noprint
col TASK_ID noprint
col TASK_NAME noprint
select *
from dba_autotask_schedule_control
where dbid = sys_context('userenv','con_dbid')
and task_name = 'Auto SPM Task';
-- last task details
SET LONG 1000000 PAGESIZE 1000 LONGCHUNKSIZE 256 LINESIZE 256
SELECT DBMS_SPM.report_auto_evolve_task
FROM dual;
CREATE TABLE test1(id NUMBER, descr VARCHAR(50)) TABLESPACE users;
DECLARE
i NUMBER;
nbrows NUMBER;
BEGIN
i:=1;
nbrows:=50000;
LOOP
EXIT WHEN i>nbrows;
IF (i=1) THEN
INSERT INTO test1 VALUES(1,RPAD('A',49,'A'));
ELSE
INSERT INTO test1 VALUES(nbrows,RPAD('A',49,'A'));
END IF;
i:=i+1;
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
/
CREATE INDEX test1_idx_id ON test1(id) TABLESPACE users;
EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(ownname=>user, tabname=>'test1', estimate_percent=>NULL, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 2');
ALTER SYSTEM flush shared_pool;
SELECT /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * FROM test1 WHERE id=1;
SELECT sql_id,child_number,plan_hash_value,is_bind_sensitive,is_bind_aware,is_shareable,is_obsolete,sql_plan_baseline
FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_id='4q7zcj8kp9q2r';
EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(ownname=>user, tabname=>'test1', estimate_percent=>NULL, method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE 1');
SELECT
plan_hash_value,
cpu_time,
buffer_gets,
disk_reads,
direct_writes,
rows_processed,
fetches,
executions,
optimizer_cost,
TO_CHAR(plan_timestamp,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') AS plan_timestamp
FROM dba_sqlset_statements
WHERE sqlset_name='SYS_AUTO_STS'
AND sql_id='4q7zcj8kp9q2r'
ORDER BY plan_timestamp DESC;
select * from SYS.WRI$_ADV_EXECUTIONS where exec_type='SPM EVOLVE' order by exec_start desc;
select * from SYS.WRI$_ADV_EXECUTIONS where exec_type='SPM EVOLVE'
where exec_start between date'2025-05-25 09:00:00' and date'2025-05-25 19:00:00'
order by exec_start desc;
select
sql_id
,plan_hash_value
,LAST_MODIFIED
from(
select
dbms_sql_translator.sql_id(sql_text) sql_id,
(select to_number(regexp_replace(plan_table_output,'^[^0-9]*'))
from table(dbms_xplan.display_sql_plan_baseline(sql_handle,plan_name))
where plan_table_output like 'Plan hash value: %') plan_hash_value,
bl.*
from dba_sql_plan_baselines bl
)
;

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## Setup
Check if Automatic SQL Tuning Sets (ASTS) is activated (enabled) and get the last execution time of the automatic schedule:
set lines 200
col task_name for a22
select * from dba_autotask_schedule_control where task_name = 'Auto STS Capture Task';
To enable:
exec dbms_auto_task_admin.enable(client_name => 'Auto STS Capture Task', operation => NULL, window_name => NULL);
> No way to change the interval and maximum run time
To disable:
exec dbms_auto_task_admin.disable(client_name => 'Auto STS Capture Task', operation => NULL, window_name => NULL);
To manually run the job:
exec dbms_scheduler.run_job('ORA$_ATSK_AUTOSTS');
List last job executions:
col ACTUAL_START_DATE for a45
select ACTUAL_START_DATE,STATUS from dba_scheduler_job_run_details where JOB_NAME='ORA$_ATSK_AUTOSTS'
order by ACTUAL_START_DATE desc fetch first 10 rows only;
More statistics on the task job:
WITH dsjrd AS
(
SELECT (TO_DATE('1','j')+run_duration-TO_DATE('1','j'))* 86400 duration_sec,
(TO_DATE('1','j')+cpu_used-TO_DATE('1','j'))* 86400 cpu_used_sec
FROM dba_scheduler_job_run_details
WHERE job_name = 'ORA$_ATSK_AUTOSTS'
)
SELECT MIN(duration_sec) ASTS_Min_Time_Sec,
MAX(duration_sec) ASTS_Max_Time_Sec,
AVG(duration_sec) ASTS_Average_Time_Sec,
AVG(cpu_used_sec) ASTS_Average_CPU_Sec
FROM dsjrd;
How many SQL statements we have actually in the SYS_AUTO_STS SQL Tuning Set (STS):
set lines 200
col name for a15
col description for a30
col owner for a10
select name, owner, description, created, last_modified, statement_count from dba_sqlset where name='SYS_AUTO_STS';
To purge all statements:
exec dbms_sqlset.drop_sqlset(sqlset_name => 'SYS_AUTO_STS', sqlset_owner => 'SYS');
How much space it takes in your SYSAUX tablesapce:
col table_name for a30
col table_size_mb for 999999.99
col total_size_mb for 999999.99
select
table_name,
round(sum(size_b) / 1024 / 1024, 3) as table_size_mb,
round(max(total_size_b) / 1024 / 1024, 3) as total_size_mb
from
(
select
table_name,
size_b,
sum(size_b) over() as total_size_b
from
(
select
segment_name as table_name,
bytes as size_b
from dba_segments
where
segment_name not like '%WORKSPA%'
and owner = 'SYS'
and (segment_name like 'WRI%SQLSET%' or segment_name like 'WRH$_SQLTEXT')
union all
select
t.table_name,
bytes as size_b
from dba_segments s,
(select
table_name,
segment_name
from dba_lobs
where table_name in ('WRI$_SQLSET_PLAN_LINES', 'WRH$_SQLTEXT')
and owner = 'SYS'
) t
where s.segment_name = t.segment_name
)
)
group by table_name
order by table_size_mb desc;
## Test case
DROP TABLE test01 purge;
CREATE TABLE test01(id NUMBER, descr VARCHAR(50)) TABLESPACE users;
DECLARE
i NUMBER;
nbrows NUMBER;
BEGIN
i:=1;
nbrows:=50000;
LOOP
EXIT WHEN i>nbrows;
IF (i=1) THEN
INSERT INTO test01 VALUES(1,RPAD('A',49,'A'));
ELSE
INSERT INTO test01 VALUES(nbrows,RPAD('A',49,'A'));
END IF;
i:=i+1;
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
/
CREATE INDEX test01_idx_id ON test01(id);
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>user, tabname=>'test01', method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE AUTO');
No histogram will be calculated:
col column_name for a20
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='TEST01';
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * FROM test01 WHERE id=1;
ID DESCR
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
The optimize we will choose a full scan:
SQL_ID 28stunrv2985c, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * FROM test01 WHERE id=1
Plan hash value: 262542483
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 136 (100)| 1 |00:00:00.01 | 443 |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST01 | 1 | 25000 | 732K| 136 (0)| 1 |00:00:00.01 | 443 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wait for next Auto STS Capture Task schedule or run the job manually.
The SQL_ID will be captured bu ASTS:
col SQLSET_NAME for a30
col PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME for a30
select SQLSET_NAME,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME,BUFFER_GETS from DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS where SQL_ID='28stunrv2985c';
SQLSET_NAME PLAN_HASH_VALUE PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME BUFFER_GETS
------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ -----------
SYS_AUTO_STS 262542483 RED 453
Gather the stats again:
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>user, tabname=>'test01', method_opt=>'FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS SIZE AUTO');
Oracle learned from its mistake and will calulate histograms:
COLUMN_NAME NUM_DISTINCT DENSITY NUM_NULLS NUM_BUCKETS SAMPLE_SIZE HISTOGRAM
-------------------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------------
ID 2 .00001 0 2 50000 FREQUENCY
Flush the shared pool and re-execute the query:
alter system flush shared_pool;
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * FROM test01 WHERE id=1;
As expected, the index has been used:
SQL_ID 28stunrv2985c, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * FROM test01 WHERE id=1
Plan hash value: 4138272685
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 2 (100)| 1 |00:00:00.01 | 4 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED| TEST01 | 1 | 1 | 30 | 2 (0)| 1 |00:00:00.01 | 4 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | TEST01_IDX_ID | 1 | 1 | | 1 (0)| 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wait for next Auto STS Capture Task schedule and check if the SQL_ID is in with both executions.
> For me the manual execution does not add the 2-end plan to ASTS.
select SQLSET_NAME,PLAN_HASH_VALUE,PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME,BUFFER_GETS from DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS where SQL_ID='28stunrv2985c';
SQLSET_NAME PLAN_HASH_VALUE PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME BUFFER_GETS
------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ -----------
SYS_AUTO_STS 262542483 RED 453
SYS_AUTO_STS 4138272685 RED 203

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SQL> show user
USER is "USR"
SQL> delete from SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338;
delete from SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-55622: DML, ALTER and CREATE UNIQUE INDEX operations are not allowed on
table "USR"."SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338"
SQL> delete from SYS_FBA_HIST_26338;
delete from SYS_FBA_HIST_26338
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-55622: DML, ALTER and CREATE UNIQUE INDEX operations are not allowed on
table "USR"."SYS_FBA_HIST_26338"
ORA-55622: DML, ALTER and CREATE UNIQUE INDEX operations are not allowed on table “string”.”string”
Reason for the Error:
An attempt was made to write to or alter or create unique index on a Flashback Archive internal table.
Solution
No action required. Only Oracle is allowed to perform such operations on Flashback Archive internal tables.

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alias adm_NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus adm/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS as sysdba'
create pluggable database NIHILUS admin user NIHILUS$OWNER identified by secret;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS open;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS save state;
alter session set container=NIHILUS;
create bigfile tablespace LIVE_TS datafile size 32M autoextend on next 32M;
create bigfile tablespace ARCHIVE_TS datafile size 32M autoextend on next 32M;
create user adm identified by "secret";
grant sysdba to adm;
create user usr identified by "secret";
grant CONNECT,RESOURCE to usr;
grant alter session to usr;
alter user usr default tablespace LIVE_TS;
alter user usr quota unlimited on LIVE_TS;
alter user usr quota unlimited on ARCHIVE_TS;
alias adm_NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus adm/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS as sysdba'
alias usr_NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus usr/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS'
create flashback archive default ARCHIVE_7_DAY
tablespace ARCHIVE_TS
quota 1G
retention 7 DAY;
grant flashback archive on ARCHIVE_7_DAY to usr;
grant flashback archive administer to usr;
grant execute on dbms_flashback_archive to usr;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SET LINESIZE 150
COLUMN owner_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN flashback_archive_name FORMAT A22
COLUMN create_time FORMAT A20
COLUMN last_purge_time FORMAT A20
SELECT owner_name,
flashback_archive_name,
flashback_archive#,
retention_in_days,
TO_CHAR(create_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AS create_time,
TO_CHAR(last_purge_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AS last_purge_time,
status
FROM dba_flashback_archive
ORDER BY owner_name, flashback_archive_name;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SET LINESIZE 150
COLUMN flashback_archive_name FORMAT A22
COLUMN tablespace_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN quota_in_mb FORMAT A11
SELECT flashback_archive_name,
flashback_archive#,
tablespace_name,
quota_in_mb
FROM dba_flashback_archive_ts
ORDER BY flashback_archive_name;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SET LINESIZE 150
COLUMN owner_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN table_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN flashback_archive_name FORMAT A22
COLUMN archive_table_name FORMAT A20
SELECT owner_name,
table_name,
flashback_archive_name,
archive_table_name,
status
FROM dba_flashback_archive_tables
ORDER BY owner_name, table_name;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Example 1
-------------
create table TAB1 (
ID number,
DESCRIPTION varchar2(50),
constraint TAB_1_PK primary key (id)
);
alter table TAB1 flashback archive ARCHIVE_7_DAY;
insert into TAB1 values (1, 'one');
commit;
update TAB1 set description = 'two' where id = 1;
commit;
update TAB1 set description = 'three' where id = 1;
commit;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SET LINESIZE 200
COLUMN versions_startscn FORMAT 99999999999999999
COLUMN versions_starttime FORMAT A32
COLUMN versions_endscn FORMAT 99999999999999999
COLUMN versions_endtime FORMAT A32
COLUMN versions_xid FORMAT A16
COLUMN versions_operation FORMAT A1
COLUMN description FORMAT A11
SELECT versions_startscn,
versions_starttime,
versions_endscn,
versions_endtime,
versions_xid,
versions_operation,
description
FROM tab1
VERSIONS BETWEEN TIMESTAMP SYSTIMESTAMP-(1/24) AND SYSTIMESTAMP
WHERE id = 1
ORDER BY versions_startscn;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
create table TAB1 (d date);
alter table TAB1 flashback archive ARCHIVE_7_DAY;
insert into TAB1 values (sysdate);
commit;
-- infinite_update1.sql
begin
loop
update TAB1 set d=sysdate;
commit;
dbms_session.sleep(1);
end loop;
end;
/
alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
SET LINESIZE 200
COLUMN versions_startscn FORMAT 99999999999999999
COLUMN versions_starttime FORMAT A32
COLUMN versions_endscn FORMAT 99999999999999999
COLUMN versions_endtime FORMAT A32
COLUMN versions_xid FORMAT A16
COLUMN versions_operation FORMAT A1
COLUMN description FORMAT A25
SELECT
versions_startscn,
versions_starttime,
versions_endscn,
versions_endtime,
versions_xid,
versions_operation,
d
FROM
TAB1
VERSIONS BETWEEN TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP'2023-06-17 17:20:10' and TIMESTAMP'2023-06-17 17:20:40'
ORDER BY versions_startscn;
SELECT * from TAB1
AS OF TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP'2023-06-17 17:05:10';
SELECT * from TAB1
AS OF TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP'2023-06-17 17:30:49';
EXEC DBMS_SYSTEM.set_ev(si=>163, se=>24797, ev=>10046, le=>8, nm=>'');
-- Example 2
-------------
alter table TAB2 no flashback archive;
drop table TAB2 purge;
create table TAB2 (
n1 number,
c1 varchar2(10),
d1 DATE
);
alter table TAB2 flashback archive ARCHIVE_7_DAY;
insert into TAB2 values(1,'One',TIMESTAMP'2023-01-01 00:00:00');
commit;
insert into TAB2 values(2,'Two',TIMESTAMP'2023-01-01 00:00:00');
commit;
insert into TAB2 values(3,'Three',TIMESTAMP'2023-01-01 00:00:00');
commit;
alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
SET LINESIZE 200
COLUMN versions_startscn FORMAT 99999999999999999
COLUMN versions_starttime FORMAT A32
COLUMN versions_endscn FORMAT 99999999999999999
COLUMN versions_endtime FORMAT A32
COLUMN versions_xid FORMAT A16
COLUMN versions_operation FORMAT A1
COLUMN description FORMAT A25
SELECT
versions_startscn,
versions_starttime,
versions_endscn,
versions_endtime,
versions_xid,
versions_operation,
T.*
FROM
TAB2 VERSIONS BETWEEN TIMESTAMP (systimestamp-3/24) and systimestamp T
where
N1=1
ORDER BY versions_startscn;
update TAB2 set d1=TIMESTAMP'2023-12-31 23:59:59' where n1=1;
commit;
select * from TAB2 as of timestamp TIMESTAMP'2023-06-18 08:47:20' where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of timestamp systimestamp where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4335762 where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4335824 where N1=1;
->
alter table TAB2 add C2 varchar2(3);
update TAB2 set C2='abc' where n1=1;
update TAB2 set C2='***' where n1=1;
commit;
update TAB2 set C2='def' where n1=1;
commit;
alter table TAB2 drop column C2;
alter table TAB2 rename column C1 to C3;
update TAB2 set d1=systimestamp where n1=1;
commit;
update TAB2 set d1=TIMESTAMP'1973-10-05 10:00:00',C3='birthday' where n1=1;
commit;
update TAB2 set d1=systimestamp,C3='right now' where n1=1;
commit;
4336404 18-JUN-23 03.14.59
select * from TAB2 as of timestamp TIMESTAMP'2023-06-18 03:15:00' where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4336403 where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4336404 where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4337054 where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4282896 where N1=1;
select * from TAB2 as of scn 4283027 where N1=1;
-- cleanup
alter table TAB2 no flashback archive;
drop table TAB2 purge;
alter table TAB1 no flashback archive;
drop table TAB1 purge;
drop user USR cascade;
drop flashback archive ARCHIVE_7_DAY;
drop tablespace LIVE_TS including contents and datafiles;
drop tablespace ARCHIVE_TS including contents and datafiles;
-- cleanup
alter pluggable database NIHILUS close instances=ALL;
drop pluggable database NIHILUS including datafiles;

123
FDA/fda_02.txt Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
create bigfile tablespace ARCHIVE_TS datafile size 32M autoextend on next 32M;
create flashback archive default ARCHIVE_7_DAY
tablespace ARCHIVE_TS
quota 1G
retention 7 DAY;
create table TAB1 (
ID number,
DESCRIPTION varchar2(50),
constraint TAB_1_PK primary key (id)
);
alter table TAB2 flashback archive ARCHIVE_7_DAY;
insert into TAB2 values(1,'One',TIMESTAMP'2023-01-01 00:00:00');
commit;
insert into TAB2 values(2,'Two',TIMESTAMP'2023-01-01 00:00:00');
commit;
insert into TAB2 values(3,'Three',TIMESTAMP'2023-01-01 00:00:00');
commit;
alter table TAB2 add C2 varchar2(3);
update TAB2 set C2='abc' where n1=1;
update TAB2 set C2='***' where n1=1;
commit;
update TAB2 set C2='def' where n1=1;
commit;
alter table TAB2 drop column C2;
alter table TAB2 rename column C1 to C3;
update TAB2 set d1=systimestamp where n1=1;
commit;
update TAB2 set d1=TIMESTAMP'1973-10-05 10:00:00',C3='birthday' where n1=1;
commit;
update TAB2 set d1=systimestamp,C3='right now' where n1=1;
commit;
Query: select * from TAB2 as of timestamp systimestamp-1/24+21/24/60 where N1=1;
SQL> @desc SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338
Name Null? Type
------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
1 STARTSCN NUMBER
2 ENDSCN NUMBER
3 XID RAW(8)
4 OPERATION VARCHAR2(1)
5 COLUMN_NAME VARCHAR2(255)
6 TYPE VARCHAR2(255)
7 HISTORICAL_COLUMN_NAME VARCHAR2(255)
SQL> @desc SYS_FBA_HIST_26338
Name Null? Type
------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
1 RID VARCHAR2(4000)
2 STARTSCN NUMBER
3 ENDSCN NUMBER
4 XID RAW(8)
5 OPERATION VARCHAR2(1)
6 N1 NUMBER
7 C3 VARCHAR2(10)
8 D1 DATE
9 D_4335990_C2 VARCHAR2(3)
set lines 200
col STARTSCN for 9999999999
col ENDSCN for 9999999999
col HISTORICAL_COLUMN_NAME for a30
col COLUMN_NAME for a30
col XID noprint
col TYPE for a20
select * from SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 order by STARTSCN;
STARTSCN ENDSCN O COLUMN_NAME TYPE HISTORICAL_COLUMN_NAME
----------- ----------- - ------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------
4297455 N1 NUMBER N1
4297455 4336109 C3 VARCHAR2(10) C1
4297455 D1 DATE D1
4335662 4335990 D_4335990_C2 VARCHAR2(3) C2
4336109 C3 VARCHAR2(10) C3
col RID noprint
col XID noprint
col OPERATION noprint
select * from SYS_FBA_HIST_26338 order by STARTSCN;
STARTSCN ENDSCN XID O N1 C3 D1 D_4
----------- ----------- ---------------- - ---------- ---------- ------------------- ---
4336404 4336452 08000200AE020000 U 1 birthday 1973-10-05 10:00:00
4298014 4335762 08000700A5020000 U 1 One 2023-12-31 23:59:59
4336266 4336404 06000400A2020000 U 1 One 2023-06-18 15:12:51
4335762 4335824 09000A00B4020000 U 1 One 2023-12-31 23:59:59 ***
4335996 4336266 U 1 One 2023-12-31 23:59:59
4335824 4335996 02000300AE020000 U 1 One 2023-12-31 23:59:59 def
4297497 4335996 0300190095020000 I 2 Two 2023-01-01 00:00:00
4297630 4335996 0600200092020000 I 3 Three 2023-01-01 00:00:00
4297491 4298014 0400180090020000 I 1 One 2023-01-01 00:00:00
4336452 4337054 07001200A1020000 U 1 birthday 2023-06-18 15:15:13

226
FDA/fda_asof_01.txt Executable file
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TKPROF: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Development on Sun Jun 18 15:33:28 2023
Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Trace file: /app/oracle/base/admin/SITHPRD/diag/rdbms/sithprd/SITHPRD/trace/SITHPRD_ora_3396.trc
Sort options: default
********************************************************************************
count = number of times OCI procedure was executed
cpu = cpu time in seconds executing
elapsed = elapsed time in seconds executing
disk = number of physical reads of buffers from disk
query = number of buffers gotten for consistent read
current = number of buffers gotten in current mode (usually for update)
rows = number of rows processed by the fetch or execute call
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 2ajc7pwz9jsx3 Plan Hash: 2536448058
select max(scn)
from
smon_scn_time
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 3 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 3 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 3 0.00 0.00 0 3 0 3
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 9 0.00 0.00 0 3 0 3
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 3
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 SORT AGGREGATE (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=20 us starts=1)
1 1 1 INDEX FULL SCAN (MIN/MAX) SMON_SCN_TIME_SCN_IDX (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=12 us starts=1 cost=1 size=6 card=1)(object id 425)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 41dzdw7ca24a1 Plan Hash: 1159443182
select count(*)
from
"USR".SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 1 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 3 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 SORT AGGREGATE (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=95 us starts=1)
5 5 5 TABLE ACCESS FULL SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=92 us starts=1 cost=3 size=0 card=3)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 15fqvf9xff3hm Plan Hash: 3966719185
select HISTORICAL_COLUMN_NAME, COLUMN_NAME
from
"USR".SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 where (STARTSCN<=4336404 or STARTSCN is NULL)
and (ENDSCN > 4336404 or ENDSCN is NULL) order by STARTSCN, ROWID
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 4 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 3
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 6 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 3
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
3 3 3 SORT ORDER BY (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=61 us starts=1 cost=4 size=60 card=3)
3 3 3 TABLE ACCESS FULL SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=42 us starts=1 cost=3 size=60 card=3)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 5ty7pv13y930m Plan Hash: 1347681019
select count(*)
from
sys.col_group_usage$ where obj# = :1 and cols = :2 and trunc(sysdate) =
trunc(timestamp) and bitand(flags, :3) = :3 and (cols_range is null and
length(:4) = 0 or cols_range is not null and cols_range =
dbms_auto_index_internal.merge_cols_str(cols_range, :4))
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 1 0.00 0.00 0 2 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 2 0.00 0.00 0 2 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
PGA memory operation 67 0.00 0.00
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: g0181my81qz4x Plan Hash: 303836101
select *
from
TAB2 as of scn 4336404 where N1=1
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.01 0.01 0 16 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 2 0.00 0.00 0 93 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 4 0.01 0.01 0 109 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 84
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 VIEW (cr=110 pr=0 pw=0 time=102 us starts=1 cost=282 size=58 card=2)
1 1 1 UNION-ALL (cr=110 pr=0 pw=0 time=100 us starts=1)
1 1 1 PARTITION RANGE SINGLE PARTITION: 1 1 (cr=100 pr=0 pw=0 time=100 us starts=1 cost=274 size=29 card=1)
1 1 1 TABLE ACCESS FULL SYS_FBA_HIST_26338 PARTITION: 1 1 (cr=100 pr=0 pw=0 time=94 us starts=1 cost=274 size=29 card=1)
0 0 0 FILTER (cr=10 pr=0 pw=0 time=571 us starts=1)
1 1 1 NESTED LOOPS OUTER (cr=10 pr=0 pw=0 time=571 us starts=1 cost=8 size=44 card=1)
1 1 1 TABLE ACCESS FULL TAB2 (cr=7 pr=0 pw=0 time=528 us starts=1 cost=6 size=16 card=1)
1 1 1 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED SYS_FBA_TCRV_26338 (cr=3 pr=0 pw=0 time=24 us starts=1 cost=2 size=28 card=1)
3 3 3 INDEX RANGE SCAN SYS_FBA_TCRV_IDX1_26338 (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=8 us starts=1 cost=1 size=0 card=1)(object id 26344)
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
PGA memory operation 4 0.00 0.00
SQL*Net message to client 2 0.00 0.00
SQL*Net message from client 2 12.15 12.16
********************************************************************************
OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON-RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.01 0.01 0 16 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 2 0.00 0.00 0 93 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 4 0.01 0.01 0 109 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
SQL*Net message to client 3 0.00 0.00
SQL*Net message from client 3 47.08 59.24
PGA memory operation 4 0.00 0.00
OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 5 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 6 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 9 0.00 0.00 0 17 0 8
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 20 0.00 0.00 0 17 0 8
Misses in library cache during parse: 3
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
PGA memory operation 67 0.00 0.00
1 user SQL statements in session.
6 internal SQL statements in session.
7 SQL statements in session.
********************************************************************************
Trace file: /app/oracle/base/admin/SITHPRD/diag/rdbms/sithprd/SITHPRD/trace/SITHPRD_ora_3396.trc
Trace file compatibility: 12.2.0.0
Sort options: default
1 session in tracefile.
1 user SQL statements in trace file.
6 internal SQL statements in trace file.
7 SQL statements in trace file.
5 unique SQL statements in trace file.
218 lines in trace file.
12 elapsed seconds in trace file.

324
FDA/fda_asof_02.txt Executable file
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@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
TKPROF: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Development on Sun Jun 18 15:55:49 2023
Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Trace file: /app/oracle/base/admin/SITHPRD/diag/rdbms/sithprd/SITHPRD/trace/SITHPRD_ora_3510.trc
Sort options: default
********************************************************************************
count = number of times OCI procedure was executed
cpu = cpu time in seconds executing
elapsed = elapsed time in seconds executing
disk = number of physical reads of buffers from disk
query = number of buffers gotten for consistent read
current = number of buffers gotten in current mode (usually for update)
rows = number of rows processed by the fetch or execute call
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 41dzdw7ca24a1 Plan Hash: 1159443182
select count(*)
from
"USR".SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 1 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 3 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 SORT AGGREGATE (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=67 us starts=1)
5 5 5 TABLE ACCESS FULL SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=59 us starts=1 cost=3 size=0 card=3)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 2syvqzbxp4k9z Plan Hash: 533170135
select u.name, o.name, a.interface_version#, o.obj#
from
association$ a, user$ u, obj$ o where a.obj# = :1
and a.property = :2
and a.statstype# = o.obj# and
u.user# = o.owner#
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 6 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 6 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 6 0.00 0.00 0 12 0 0
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 18 0.00 0.00 0 12 0 0
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
0 0 0 HASH JOIN (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=39 us starts=1 cost=5 size=62 card=1)
0 0 0 NESTED LOOPS (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=35 us starts=1 cost=5 size=62 card=1)
0 0 0 STATISTICS COLLECTOR (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=33 us starts=1)
0 0 0 HASH JOIN (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=26 us starts=1 cost=4 size=44 card=1)
0 0 0 NESTED LOOPS (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=26 us starts=1 cost=4 size=44 card=1)
0 0 0 STATISTICS COLLECTOR (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=26 us starts=1)
0 0 0 TABLE ACCESS FULL ASSOCIATION$ (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=24 us starts=1 cost=2 size=16 card=1)
0 0 0 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED OBJ$ (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us starts=0 cost=2 size=28 card=1)
0 0 0 INDEX RANGE SCAN I_OBJ1 (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us starts=0 cost=1 size=0 card=1)(object id 36)
0 0 0 INDEX FAST FULL SCAN I_OBJ2 (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us starts=0 cost=1 size=28 card=1)(object id 37)
0 0 0 TABLE ACCESS CLUSTER USER$ (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us starts=0 cost=1 size=18 card=1)
0 0 0 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN I_USER# (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us starts=0 cost=0 size=0 card=1)(object id 11)
0 0 0 TABLE ACCESS FULL USER$ (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=0 us starts=0 cost=1 size=18 card=1)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 2xyb5d6xg9srh Plan Hash: 785096182
select a.default_cpu_cost, a.default_io_cost
from
association$ a where a.obj# = :1
and a.property = :2
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 6 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 6 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 6 0.00 0.00 0 12 0 0
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 18 0.00 0.00 0 12 0 0
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
0 0 0 TABLE ACCESS FULL ASSOCIATION$ (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=16 us starts=1 cost=2 size=18 card=1)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 476v06tzdhkhc Plan Hash: 3966719185
select HISTORICAL_COLUMN_NAME, COLUMN_NAME
from
"USR".SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 where (STARTSCN<=
TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN(systimestamp-1/24+21/24/60) or STARTSCN is NULL) and
(ENDSCN > TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN(systimestamp-1/24+21/24/60) or ENDSCN is NULL)
order by STARTSCN, ROWID
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 4 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 3
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 6 0.00 0.00 0 6 0 3
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
3 3 3 SORT ORDER BY (cr=13 pr=0 pw=0 time=1075 us starts=1 cost=4 size=20 card=1)
3 3 3 TABLE ACCESS FULL SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_26338 (cr=13 pr=0 pw=0 time=1061 us starts=1 cost=3 size=20 card=1)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 4jrkd9ymavb8x Plan Hash: 3631124065
select max(time_mp)
from
smon_scn_time
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 20 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 20 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 20 0.00 0.00 0 20 0 20
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 60 0.00 0.00 0 20 0 20
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 SORT AGGREGATE (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=19 us starts=1)
1 1 1 INDEX FULL SCAN (MIN/MAX) SMON_SCN_TIME_TIM_IDX (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=12 us starts=1 cost=1 size=7 card=1)(object id 424)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 2ajc7pwz9jsx3 Plan Hash: 2536448058
select max(scn)
from
smon_scn_time
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 2 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 2 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 2 0.00 0.00 0 2 0 2
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 6 0.00 0.00 0 2 0 2
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 SORT AGGREGATE (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=12 us starts=1)
1 1 1 INDEX FULL SCAN (MIN/MAX) SMON_SCN_TIME_SCN_IDX (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=6 us starts=1 cost=1 size=6 card=1)(object id 425)
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 5ty7pv13y930m Plan Hash: 1347681019
select count(*)
from
sys.col_group_usage$ where obj# = :1 and cols = :2 and trunc(sysdate) =
trunc(timestamp) and bitand(flags, :3) = :3 and (cols_range is null and
length(:4) = 0 or cols_range is not null and cols_range =
dbms_auto_index_internal.merge_cols_str(cols_range, :4))
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 1 0.00 0.00 0 2 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 2 0.00 0.00 0 2 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS (recursive depth: 1)
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
PGA memory operation 75 0.00 0.00
********************************************************************************
SQL ID: 36g2pydn13abk Plan Hash: 2739728740
select *
from
TAB2 as of timestamp systimestamp-1/24+21/24/60 where N1=1
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 2 0.00 0.00 0 109 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 4 0.01 0.01 0 109 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 84
Number of plan statistics captured: 1
Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max) Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 1 1 VIEW (cr=123 pr=0 pw=0 time=1775 us starts=1 cost=282 size=58 card=2)
1 1 1 UNION-ALL (cr=123 pr=0 pw=0 time=1772 us starts=1)
1 1 1 FILTER (cr=112 pr=0 pw=0 time=1769 us starts=1)
1 1 1 PARTITION RANGE SINGLE PARTITION: 1 1 (cr=111 pr=0 pw=0 time=1530 us starts=1 cost=274 size=29 card=1)
1 1 1 TABLE ACCESS FULL SYS_FBA_HIST_26338 PARTITION: 1 1 (cr=111 pr=0 pw=0 time=1526 us starts=1 cost=274 size=29 card=1)
0 0 0 FILTER (cr=11 pr=0 pw=0 time=410 us starts=1)
1 1 1 NESTED LOOPS OUTER (cr=10 pr=0 pw=0 time=245 us starts=1 cost=8 size=44 card=1)
1 1 1 TABLE ACCESS FULL TAB2 (cr=7 pr=0 pw=0 time=215 us starts=1 cost=6 size=16 card=1)
1 1 1 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED SYS_FBA_TCRV_26338 (cr=3 pr=0 pw=0 time=20 us starts=1 cost=2 size=28 card=1)
3 3 3 INDEX RANGE SCAN SYS_FBA_TCRV_IDX1_26338 (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=7 us starts=1 cost=1 size=0 card=1)(object id 26344)
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
PGA memory operation 3 0.00 0.00
SQL*Net message to client 2 0.00 0.00
SQL*Net message from client 2 2.20 2.20
********************************************************************************
OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON-RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 2 0.00 0.00 0 109 0 1
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 4 0.01 0.01 0 109 0 1
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
SQL*Net message to client 3 0.00 0.00
SQL*Net message from client 3 5.67 7.88
PGA memory operation 3 0.00 0.00
OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 36 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 37 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 40 0.00 0.00 0 60 0 27
------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 113 0.01 0.01 0 60 0 27
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
Event waited on Times Max. Wait Total Waited
---------------------------------------- Waited ---------- ------------
PGA memory operation 75 0.00 0.00
1 user SQL statements in session.
7 internal SQL statements in session.
8 SQL statements in session.
********************************************************************************
Trace file: /app/oracle/base/admin/SITHPRD/diag/rdbms/sithprd/SITHPRD/trace/SITHPRD_ora_3510.trc
Trace file compatibility: 12.2.0.0
Sort options: default
1 session in tracefile.
1 user SQL statements in trace file.
7 internal SQL statements in trace file.
8 SQL statements in trace file.
8 unique SQL statements in trace file.
509 lines in trace file.
2 elapsed seconds in trace file.

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begin
loop
update TAB1 set d=sysdate;
commit;
dbms_session.sleep(1);
end loop;
end;
/

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Clean up old Extracts
---------------------
https://www.dbasolved.com/2022/04/clean-up-old-extracts/
0. Identify captures and log miner sessions
-------------------------------------------
set linesize 150
col capture_name format a20
select capture_name from dba_capture;
set linesize 130
col session_name format a20
col global_db_name format a45
select SESSION#,CLIENT#,SESSION_NAME,DB_ID,GLOBAL_DB_NAME from system.LOGMNR_SESSION$;
1. Drop the extracts
---------------------
exec DBMS_CAPTURE_ADM.DROP_CAPTURE ('<MY_CAPTURE_01>');
2. Drop queue tables from log miner
-----------------------------------
set linesize 250
col owner format a30
col name format a30
col queue_table format a30
select owner, name, queue_table from dba_queues where owner = 'OGGADMIN';
# delete in automatic mode
declare
v_queue_name varchar2(60);
begin
for i in (select queue_table, owner from dba_queues where owner = 'OGGADMIN')
loop
v_queue_name := i.owner||'.'||i.queue_table;
DBMS_AQADM.DROP_QUEUE_TABLE(queue_table => v_queue_name, force => TRUE);
end loop;
end;
/
# or delete one by one
exec DBMS_AQADM.DROP_QUEUE_TABLE(queue_table => '<OWNER>.<TABLE_NAME>', force => TRUE);
# note that tables with AQ$_ prefix will be autotaic deleted

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### Sources
- [OGG Documentation](https://docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/goldengate/core/19.1/securing/securing-deployments.html#GUID-472E5C9C-85FC-4B87-BB90-2CE877F41DC0)
- [Markdown Basic Syntax](https://www.markdownguide.org/basic-syntax/)
### Creating a Self-Signed Root Certificate
Create an automatic login wallet
orapki wallet create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;" \
-auto_login
Create self-signed certificate
orapki wallet add -wallet ~/wallet_directory/root_ca \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;" \
-dn "CN=RootCA" \
-keysize 2048 \
-self_signed \
-validity 7300 \
-sign_alg sha256
Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;"
Export the certificate to a .pem file
orapki wallet export \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;" \
-dn "CN=RootCA" \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/rootCA_Cert.pem
### Creating Server Certificates
#### For [exegol] server
Create an automatic login wallet
orapki wallet create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/exegol \
-pwd "TabulaRasa32;" \
-auto_login
Add a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) to the server’s wallet
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/exegol \
-pwd "TabulaRasa32;" \
-dn "CN=exegol.swgalaxy" \
-keysize 2048
Export the CSR to a .pem file
orapki wallet export \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/exegol \
-pwd "TabulaRasa32;" \
-dn "CN=exegol.swgalaxy" \
-request /app/oracle/staging_area/export/exegol_req.pem
Using the CSR, create a signed server or client certificate and sign it using the root certificate.
Assign a unique serial number to each certificate.
orapki cert create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;" \
-request /app/oracle/staging_area/export/exegol_req.pem \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/exegol_Cert.pem \
-serial_num 20 \
-validity 375 \
-sign_alg sha256
Add the root certificate into the client’s or server’s wallet as a trusted certificate.
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/exegol \
-pwd "TabulaRasa32;" \
-trusted_cert \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/rootCA_Cert.pem
Add the server or client certificate as a user certificate into the client’s or server’s wallet
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/exegol \
-pwd "TabulaRasa32;" \
-user_cert \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/exegol_Cert.pem
Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/exegol \
-pwd "TabulaRasa32;"
#### For [helska] server
Create an automatic login wallet
orapki wallet create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/helska \
-pwd "SicSemper81;" \
-auto_login
Add a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) to the server’s wallet
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/helska \
-pwd "SicSemper81;" \
-dn "CN=helska.swgalaxy" \
-keysize 2048
Export the CSR to a .pem file
orapki wallet export \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/helska \
-pwd "SicSemper81;" \
-dn "CN=helska.swgalaxy" \
-request /app/oracle/staging_area/export/helska_req.pem
Using the CSR, create a signed server or client certificate and sign it using the root certificate.
Assign a unique serial number to each certificate.
orapki cert create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;" \
-request /app/oracle/staging_area/export/helska_req.pem \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/helska_Cert.pem \
-serial_num 21 \
-validity 375 \
-sign_alg sha256
Add the root certificate into the client’s or server’s wallet as a trusted certificate.
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/helska \
-pwd "SicSemper81;" \
-trusted_cert \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/rootCA_Cert.pem
Add the server or client certificate as a user certificate into the client’s or server’s wallet
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/helska \
-pwd "SicSemper81;" \
-user_cert \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/helska_Cert.pem
Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/helska \
-pwd "SicSemper81;"
### Creating a Distribution Server User Certificate
Create an automatic login wallet
orapki wallet create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/dist_client \
-pwd "LapsusLinguae91" \
-auto_login
Add a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) to the wallet
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/dist_client \
-pwd "LapsusLinguae91" \
-dn "CN=dist_client" \
-keysize 2048
Export the CSR to a .pem file
orapki wallet export \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/dist_client \
-pwd "LapsusLinguae91" \
-dn "CN=dist_client" \
-request /app/oracle/staging_area/export/dist_client_req.pem
Using the CSR, create a signed certificate and sign it using the root certificate.
Assign a unique serial number to each certificate.
orapki cert create \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/rootCA \
-pwd "LuxAeterna12;" \
-request /app/oracle/staging_area/export/dist_client_req.pem \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/dist_client_Cert.pem \
-serial_num 22 \
-validity 375 \
-sign_alg sha256
Add the root certificate into the client’s or server’s wallet as a trusted certificate.
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/dist_client \
-pwd "LapsusLinguae91" \
-trusted_cert \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/rootCA_Cert.pem
Add the server or client certificate as a user certificate into the client’s or server’s wallet
orapki wallet add \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/dist_client \
-pwd "LapsusLinguae91" \
-user_cert \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/export/dist_client_Cert.pem
Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display \
-wallet /app/oracle/staging_area/wallet_dir/dist_client \
-pwd "LapsusLinguae91"
### Trusted Certificates
Both the Distribution Server and Receiver Server need certificates.
- The Distribution Server uses the certificate in the client wallet location under outbound section
- For the Receiver Server, the certificate is in the wallet for the inbound wallet location
For self-signed certificates, you can choose from one of the following:
- Have both certificates signed by the same Root Certificate
- The other side’s certificate is added to the local wallet as trusted certificate

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## Context
- setup extract/replicat for 3 tables: ORDERS, PRODUCTS and USERS
- add 2 new tables TRANSACTIONS and TASKS to this extract/replica peer
The aim is to minimize the downtime for the peer extract/replicat, so we will proceed in 2 steps:
- create a second parallel extract/replicat for the 2 new tables
- merge the second extract/replicat to initial extract/replicat
## Extract setup
Add trandata to tables:
dblogin useridalias YODA
add trandata GREEN.ORDERS
add trandata GREEN.PRODUCTS
add trandata GREEN.USERS
list tables GREEN.*
Define params file for extract:
edit params EXTRAA
extract EXTRAA
useridalias JEDIPRD
sourcecatalog YODA
exttrail ./dirdat/aa
purgeoldextracts
checkpointsecs 1
ddl include mapped
warnlongtrans 1h, checkinterval 30m
------------------------------------
table GREEN.ORDERS;
table GREEN.PRODUCTS;
table GREEN.USERS;
Add, register and start extract:
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
add extract EXTRAA, integrated tranlog, begin now
add exttrail ./dirdat/aa, extract EXTRAA
register extract EXTRAA, database container (YODA)
start extract EXTRAA
info extract EXTRAA detail
## Initial load
Note down the current SCN on source database.
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
10138382
On target DB create tables structure for ORDERS, PRODUCTS, USERS and do the inlitial load:
SCN=10138382
impdp userid=admin/"Secret00!"@togoria/MAUL network_link=GREEN_AT_YODA logfile=MY:import_01.log remap_schema=GREEN:RED tables=GREEN.ORDERS,GREEN.PRODUCTS,GREEN.USERS TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=TRUNCATE flashback_scn=$SCN
## Replicat setup
Define params file for replicat.
Take care to filter `filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN')`, it must be positionned to the SCN of initial load.
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS, target MAUL.RED.ORDERS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10138382);
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS, target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10138382);
map YODA.GREEN.USERS, target MAUL.RED.USERS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10138382);
Add and start replicat:
add replicat REPLAA, integrated, exttrail ./dirdat/aa
dblogin useridalias SITHPRD
register replicat REPLAA database
start replicat REPLAA
info all
Wait to catch the lag:
lag replicat
When done you can remove filter `filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN')`
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS , target MAUL.RED.ORDERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS , target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS ;
map YODA.GREEN.USERS , target MAUL.RED.USERS ;
restart replicat REPLAA
## Add 2 new tables to extract/replicat
Add trandata to tables:
dblogin useridalias YODA
add trandata GREEN.TRANSACTIONS
add trandata GREEN.TASKS
list tables GREEN.*
Create a second extract EXTRAB to manage the new tables.
Define extract parameters:
edit params EXTRAB
extract EXTRAB
useridalias JEDIPRD
sourcecatalog YODA
exttrail ./dirdat/ab
purgeoldextracts
checkpointsecs 1
ddl include mapped
warnlongtrans 1h, checkinterval 30m
table GREEN.TRANSACTIONS;
table GREEN.TASKS;
Add, register and start extract:
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
add extract EXTRAB, integrated tranlog, begin now
add exttrail ./dirdat/ab, extract EXTRAB
register extract EXTRAB, database container (YODA)
start extract EXTRAB
info extract EXTRAB detail
## Initial load for new tables
Note down the current SCN on source database.
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
10284191
On target DB create tables structure for TRANSACTIONS, TASKS and do the inlitial load:
SCN=10284191
impdp userid=admin/"Secret00!"@togoria/MAUL network_link=GREEN_AT_YODA logfile=MY:import_02.log remap_schema=GREEN:RED tables=GREEN.TRANSACTIONS,GREEN.TASKS TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=TRUNCATE flashback_scn=$SCN
## New replicat setup
Define extract parameters.
Pay attention to `filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN')` clause to be setup to SCN of intial datapump load.
edit params REPLAB
replicat REPLAB
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAB.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS, target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10284191);
map YODA.GREEN.TASKS, target MAUL.RED.TASKS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10284191);
Add and start new replicat:
add replicat REPLAB, integrated, exttrail ./dirdat/ab
dblogin useridalias SITHPRD
register replicat REPLAB database
start replicat REPLAB
info all
Check if new replicat is running and wait to lag 0.
## Integrate the 2 new tables to initial extract/replicat: EXTRAA/REPLAA
Add new tables to initial extract for a **double run**:
edit params EXTRAA
extract EXTRAA
useridalias JEDIPRD
sourcecatalog YODA
exttrail ./dirdat/aa
purgeoldextracts
checkpointsecs 1
ddl include mapped
warnlongtrans 1h, checkinterval 30m
table GREEN.ORDERS;
table GREEN.PRODUCTS;
table GREEN.USERS;
table GREEN.TRANSACTIONS;
table GREEN.TASKS;
Restart extract EXTRAA:
restart extract EXTRAA
Stop extracts in this **strictly order**:
- **first** extract: EXTRAA
- **second** extract: EXTRAB
> It is **mandatory** to stop extracts in this order.
> **The applied SCN on first replicat tables must be less than the SCN on second replicat** in order to allow the first replicat to start at the last applied psition in the trail file. Like this, the first replicat must not be repositionned in the past.
stop EXTRACT EXTRAA
stop EXTRACT EXTRAB
Now stop both replicat also:
stop replicat REPLAA
stop replicat REPLAB
Note down the SCN for each extract and premare new params file for initial replicat.
info extract EXTRAA detail
info extract EXTRAB detail
In my case:
- EXTRAA: SCN=10358472
- EXTRAB: SCN=10358544
> The SCN of EXTRAB should be greater than the SCN of EXTRAA
Update REPLAA replicat parameter file in accordance with the latest SCN applied on new tables (the SCN of EXTRAB):
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS , target MAUL.RED.ORDERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS , target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS ;
map YODA.GREEN.USERS , target MAUL.RED.USERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS , target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10358544);
map YODA.GREEN.TASKS , target MAUL.RED.TASKS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 10358544);
Start first extract/replicat
start extract EXTRAA
start replicat REPLAA
When the lag is zero you can remove filter `filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN')`
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS , target MAUL.RED.ORDERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS , target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS ;
map YODA.GREEN.USERS , target MAUL.RED.USERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS , target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TASKS , target MAUL.RED.TASKS ;
Restart first replicat:
start replicat REPLAA
Now all tables are integrated in first extract/replicat.
## Remove second extract/replicat
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
unregister extract EXTRAB database
delete extract EXTRAB
dblogin useridalias MAUL
unregister replicat REPLAB database
delete replicat REPLAB

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select 'ORDERS (target)='||count(1) as "#rows" from RED.ORDERS union
select 'ORDERS (source)='||count(1) as "#rows" from GREEN.ORDERS@GREEN_AT_YODA union
select 'PRODUCTS (target)='||count(1) as "#rows" from RED.PRODUCTS union
select 'PRODUCTS (source)='||count(1) as "#rows" from GREEN.PRODUCTS@GREEN_AT_YODA union
select 'USERS (target)='||count(1) as "#rows" from RED.USERS union
select 'USERS (source)='||count(1) as "#rows" from GREEN.USERS@GREEN_AT_YODA union
select 'TRANSACTIONS (target)='||count(1) as "#rows" from RED.TRANSACTIONS union
select 'TRANSACTIONS (source)='||count(1) as "#rows" from GREEN.TRANSACTIONS@GREEN_AT_YODA union
select 'TASKS (target)='||count(1) as "#rows" from RED.TASKS union
select 'TASKS (source)='||count(1) as "#rows" from GREEN.TASKS@GREEN_AT_YODA
order by 1 asc
/

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-- Create sequences for primary key generation
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_products START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_orders START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_users START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_transactions START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_tasks START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
-- Create tables with meaningful names and relevant columns
CREATE TABLE products (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(100),
category VARCHAR2(20),
quantity INTEGER
);
CREATE TABLE orders (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
description VARCHAR2(255),
status VARCHAR2(20)
);
CREATE TABLE users (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
created_at DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
username VARCHAR2(20),
age INTEGER,
location VARCHAR2(20)
);
CREATE TABLE transactions (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
amount NUMBER(10,2),
currency VARCHAR2(20)
);
CREATE TABLE tasks (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
status VARCHAR2(50),
priority INTEGER,
type VARCHAR2(20),
assigned_to VARCHAR2(20)
);
-- Create triggers to auto-generate primary key values using sequences
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_products_pk
BEFORE INSERT ON products
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT seq_products.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_orders_pk
BEFORE INSERT ON orders
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT seq_orders.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_users_pk
BEFORE INSERT ON users
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT seq_users.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_transactions_pk
BEFORE INSERT ON transactions
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT seq_transactions.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_tasks_pk
BEFORE INSERT ON tasks
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT seq_tasks.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END;
/

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## Delete an integreted replicat
dblogin useridalias SITHPRD
stop replicat REPLAB
unregister replicat REPLAB database
delete replicat REPLAB
info all
## Delete an integreted extract
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
stop extract EXTRAB
unregister extract EXTRAB database
delete extract EXTRAB
info all

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--Stop the job (Disable)
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.disable('JOB_MANAGE_DATA');
END;
/
--Restart the job
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.enable('JOB_MANAGE_DATA');
END;
/
--Fully Remove the Job
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.drop_job('JOB_MANAGE_DATA');
END;
/

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## Context
Replicat is ABBENDED because of data issue.
The aim is to restablish the replicat and minimize the downtime.
## Provoke a failure on replicat
On target database truncate RED.TRANSACTIONS table:
truncate table RED.TRANSACTIONS;
Replicat will be abbended because of update/delete orders:
status replicat REPLAA
REPLICAT REPLAA: ABENDED
## Remove tablme from replicat
Comment MAP line relative to TRANSACTIONS table on replicat and restart the replicat.
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS , target MAUL.RED.ORDERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS , target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS ;
map YODA.GREEN.USERS , target MAUL.RED.USERS ;
-- map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS , target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TASKS , target MAUL.RED.TASKS ;
start replicat REPLAA
At this moment replicat should be **RUNNING**.
## Create a dedicated extract/replicat for the table in failiure
Create a second extract EXTRAB to manage the new tables.
Define extract parameters:
edit params EXTRAB
extract EXTRAB
useridalias JEDIPRD
sourcecatalog YODA
exttrail ./dirdat/ab
purgeoldextracts
checkpointsecs 1
ddl include mapped
warnlongtrans 1h, checkinterval 30m
table GREEN.TRANSACTIONS;
Add, register and start extract:
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
add extract EXTRAB, integrated tranlog, begin now
add exttrail ./dirdat/ab, extract EXTRAB
register extract EXTRAB, database container (YODA)
start extract EXTRAB
info extract EXTRAB detail
> Start **distribution path** (aka **PUMP**) if the replicat is running on distant site (Golden Gate deployment)
## Initial load
Note down the current SCN on source database.
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
12234159
On target DB create tables structure for TRANSACTIONS, TASKS and do the inlitial load:
SCN=12234159
impdp userid=admin/"Secret00!"@togoria/MAUL network_link=GREEN_AT_YODA logfile=MY:import_03.log remap_schema=GREEN:RED tables=GREEN.TRANSACTIONS TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=TRUNCATE flashback_scn=$SCN
## New replicat setup
Define extract parameters.
Pay attention to `filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN')` clause to be setup to SCN of intial datapump load.
edit params REPLAB
replicat REPLAB
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAB.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS, target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 12234159);
Add and start new replicat:
add replicat REPLAB, integrated, exttrail ./dirdat/ab
dblogin useridalias SITHPRD
register replicat REPLAB database
start replicat REPLAB
info all
Check if new replicat is running and wait to lag 0.
## Reintegrate table to initial extract/replicat
Now, TRANSACTIONS table is replicated by EXTRAB/REPLAB, but not by intial replication EXTRAA/REPLAA.
Let's reintegrate TRANSACTIONS in intial replication EXTRAA/REPLAA.
Note that TRANSACTIONS was not removed from EXTRAA definition, so all table changes are still recorded in EXTRAA trail files.
Stop extracts in this **strictly order**:
- **first** extract: EXTRAA
- **second** extract: EXTRAB
> It is **mandatory** to stop extracts in this order.
> **The applied SCN on first replicat tables must be less than the SCN on second replicat** in order to allow the first replicat to start at the last applied position in the trail file. Like this, the first replicat must not be repositionned in the past.
stop EXTRACT EXTRAA
stop EXTRACT EXTRAB
Now stop both replicat also:
stop replicat REPLAA
stop replicat REPLAB
Note down the SCN for each extract and premare new params file for initial replicat.
info extract EXTRAA detail
info extract EXTRAB detail
In my case:
- EXTRAA: SCN=12245651
- EXTRAB: SCN=12245894
> The SCN of EXTRAB should be greater than the SCN of EXTRAA
Update REPLAA replicat parameter file in accordance with the latest SCN applied TRANSACTION table (the SCN of EXTRAB):
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS, target MAUL.RED.ORDERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS, target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS ;
map YODA.GREEN.USERS, target MAUL.RED.USERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TASKS, target MAUL.RED.TASKS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS, target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 12245894);
Start first extract/replicat
start extract EXTRAA
start replicat REPLAA
When the lag is zero you can remove filter `filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN')` from REPLAA.
stop replicat REPLAA
edit params REPLAA
replicat REPLAA
useridalias MAUL
dboptions enable_instantiation_filtering
discardfile REPLAA.dsc, purge, megabytes 10
map YODA.GREEN.ORDERS , target MAUL.RED.ORDERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.PRODUCTS , target MAUL.RED.PRODUCTS ;
map YODA.GREEN.USERS , target MAUL.RED.USERS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TASKS , target MAUL.RED.TASKS ;
map YODA.GREEN.TRANSACTIONS , target MAUL.RED.TRANSACTIONS ;
Restart REPLAA replicat:
start replicat REPLAA
Now all tables are integrated in first extract/replicat.
## Remove second extract/replicat
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
unregister extract EXTRAB database
delete extract EXTRAB
dblogin useridalias MAUL
unregister replicat REPLAB database
delete replicat REPLAB
Stop and delete **distribution path** (aka **PUMP**) if the replicat is running on distant site (Golden Gate deployment).

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-- Step 1: Create the stored procedure
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE manage_data IS
new_products INTEGER default 3;
new_orders INTEGER default 10;
new_users INTEGER default 2;
new_transactions INTEGER default 20;
new_tasks INTEGER default 5;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..new_products LOOP
INSERT INTO products (id, name, category, quantity)
VALUES (seq_products.NEXTVAL,
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 10),
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 20),
TRUNC(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1, 100)));
END LOOP;
FOR i IN 1..new_orders LOOP
INSERT INTO orders (id, description, status)
VALUES (seq_orders.NEXTVAL,
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 50),
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 20));
END LOOP;
FOR i IN 1..new_users LOOP
INSERT INTO users (id, created_at, username, age, location)
VALUES (seq_users.NEXTVAL, SYSDATE,
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 15),
TRUNC(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(18, 60)),
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 20));
END LOOP;
FOR i IN 1..new_transactions LOOP
INSERT INTO transactions (id, amount, currency)
VALUES (seq_transactions.NEXTVAL,
ROUND(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1, 10000), 2),
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 3));
END LOOP;
FOR i IN 1..new_tasks LOOP
INSERT INTO tasks (id, status, priority, type, assigned_to)
VALUES (seq_tasks.NEXTVAL,
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 20),
TRUNC(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1, 10)),
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 20),
DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 15));
END LOOP;
-- Update 2 random rows in each table
UPDATE products SET quantity = TRUNC(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1, 200))
WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM products ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS ONLY);
UPDATE orders SET status = DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 20)
WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM orders ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS ONLY);
UPDATE users SET age = TRUNC(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(18, 75))
WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM users ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS ONLY);
UPDATE transactions SET amount = ROUND(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1, 5000), 2)
WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM transactions ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS ONLY);
UPDATE tasks SET priority = TRUNC(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1, 10))
WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM tasks ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS ONLY);
-- Delete 1 random row from each table
DELETE FROM products WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM products ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 1 ROW ONLY);
DELETE FROM orders WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM orders ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 1 ROW ONLY);
DELETE FROM users WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM users ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 1 ROW ONLY);
DELETE FROM transactions WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM transactions ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 1 ROW ONLY);
DELETE FROM tasks WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM tasks ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE FETCH FIRST 1 ROW ONLY);
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- Step 2: Create a scheduled job to run every 10 seconds
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.create_job (
job_name => 'JOB_MANAGE_DATA',
job_type => 'PLSQL_BLOCK',
job_action => 'BEGIN manage_data; END;',
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
repeat_interval => 'FREQ=SECONDLY; INTERVAL=10',
enabled => TRUE
);
END;
/

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https://www.dbi-services.com/blog/setting-up-a-sample-replication-with-goldengate/
# source: 19c database, schema OTTER, NON-CDB //togoria:1521/ANDOPRD
# target: 21c database, schema BEAVER, PDB //bakura:1521/WOMBAT
-- on source DB
create user OTTER identified by "K91@9kLorg1j_7OxV";
grant connect,resource to OTTER;
alter user OTTER quota unlimited on USERS;
-- on target DB
create user BEAVER identified by "Versq99#LerB009aX";
grant connect,resource to BEAVER;
alter user BEAVER quota unlimited on USERS;
# on BOTH databases
###################
# check if ARCHIVELOG mode is ON
archive log list;
# activate integrated OGG replication
alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
# put databases in FORCE LOGGING mode
alter database force logging;
# add suplimental log
alter database add supplemental log data;
# create a GoldenGate admin user
create user OGGADMIN identified by "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1";
grant create session to OGGADMIN;
grant select any dictionary to OGGADMIN;
exec DBMS_GOLDENGATE_AUTH.GRANT_ADMIN_PRIVILEGE ('OGGADMIN');
grant flashback any table to OGGADMIN;
# test GoldenGate admin user connections
sqlplus /nolog
connect OGGADMIN/"eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1"@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD
connect OGGADMIN/"eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1"@//bakura:1521/WOMBAT
# create tables to repliacate on source DB
create table OTTER.T1(d date);
ggsci
create wallet
add credentialstore
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD password "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1" alias ANDOPRD
info credentialstore
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD
add trandata OTTER.T1
# cleanup
#########
# on source DB
drop user OTTER cascade;
drop user OGGADMIN cascade;
# on target DB
drop user WOMBAT cascade;
drop user OGGADMIN cascade;

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alias gg='rlwrap /app/oracle/product/ogg21/ggsci'
create user OGGADMIN identified by "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1";
# maybe too much
grant DBA to OGGADMIN;
add credentialstore
info credentialstore domain admin
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD password "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1" alias ANDOPRD domain admin
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
list tables OTTER.*
# delete trandata OTTER.*
add trandata OTTER.*
Edit params ./GLOBALS
#-->
GGSCHEMA OGGADMIN
#<--
edit params myextr1
#-->
EXTRACT myextr1
USERID OGGADMIN@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD, PASSWORD "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1"
EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/ex
CHECKPOINTSECS 1
TABLE OTTER.*;
#<--
ADD EXTRACT myextr1, TRANLOG, BEGIN now
REGISTER EXTRACT myextr1, DATABASE
ADD EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/ex, EXTRACT myextr1
START EXTRACT myextr1
info myextr1
edit param mypump1
#-->
EXTRACT mypump1
PASSTHRU
RMTHOST bakura, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/RT
CHECKPOINTSECS 1
TABLE OTTER.*;
#<--
ADD EXTRACT mypump1, EXTTRAILSOURCE ./dirdat/ex
Add RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/rt, EXTRACT mypump1
START EXTRACT mypump1
info mypump1
add checkpointtable OGGADMIN.checkpointtable
add credentialstore
info credentialstore domain admin
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD password "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1" alias EWOKPRD domain admin
dblogin useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
add checkpointtable OGGADMIN.checkpointtable
edit params myrepl1
#-->
REPLICAT myrepl1
USERID OGGADMIN@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD, PASSWORD "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1"
DISCARDFILE ./dirdsc/myrepl1.dsc, PURGE
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
MAP OTTER.*, TARGET OTTER.*;
#<--
add replicat myrepl1, EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/RT, checkpointtable OGGADMIN.checkpointtable
start MYREPL1
create spfile='/app/oracle/base/admin/EWOKPRD/spfile/spfileEWOKPRD.ora' from pfile='/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp/ANDO.txt';
# create a static listener to connect as sysdba in NOMOUNT state
oracle@bakura[EWOKPRD]:/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp$ cat listener.ora
MYLSNR =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bakura)(PORT = 1600))
)
)
SID_LIST_MYLSNR =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = EWOKPRD_STATIC)
(SID_NAME = EWOKPRD)
(ORACLE_HOME = /app/oracle/product/19)
)
)
export TNS_ADMIN=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp
lsnrctl start MYLSNR
lsnrctl status MYLSNR
connect sys/"Secret00!"@//bakura:1600/EWOKPRD_STATIC as sysdba
connect sys/"Secret00!"@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD as sysdba
rman target=sys/"Secret00!"@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD auxiliary=sys/"Secret00!"@//bakura:1600/EWOKPRD_STATIC
run {
allocate channel pri1 device type DISK;
allocate channel pri2 device type DISK;
allocate channel pri3 device type DISK;
allocate channel pri4 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux1 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux2 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux3 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux4 device type DISK;
duplicate target database to 'EWOK'
from active database
using compressed backupset section size 1G;
}

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-- https://www.dbi-services.com/blog/performing-an-initial-load-with-goldengate-1-file-to-replicat/
-- https://www.dbi-services.com/blog/performing-an-initial-load-with-goldengate-2-expdpimpdp/
Source DB: ANDOPRD@togoria
Target DB: EWOKPRD@bakura
alias gg='rlwrap /app/oracle/product/ogg21/ggsci'
# install HR schema on source database
@install.sql
# install HR schema on target database, disable constraints and delete all data
@install.sql
connect / as sysdba
declare
lv_statement varchar2(2000);
begin
for r in ( select c.CONSTRAINT_NAME, c.TABLE_NAME
from dba_constraints c
, dba_tables t
where c.owner = 'HR'
and t.table_name = c.table_name
and t.owner = 'HR'
and c.constraint_type != 'P'
)
loop
lv_statement := 'alter table hr.'||r.TABLE_NAME||' disable constraint '||r.CONSTRAINT_NAME;
execute immediate lv_statement;
end loop;
for r in ( select table_name
from dba_tables
where owner = 'HR'
)
loop
execute immediate 'delete hr.'||r.table_name;
end loop;
end;
/
select count(*) from hr.employees;
select count(*) from hr.jobs;
# create OGGADMIN user on both databases
create user OGGADMIN identified by "Chan8em11fUwant!";
grant dba to OGGADMIN;
# on source machine
add credentialstore
info credentialstore domain admin
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD password "Chan8em11fUwant!" alias ANDOPRD domain admin
info credentialstore domain admin
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
# on target machine
add credentialstore
info credentialstore domain admin
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD password "Chan8em11fUwant!" alias EWOKPRD domain admin
info credentialstore domain admin
dblogin useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
# on source machine
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
list tables HR.*
add trandata HR.*
# on source, in order to catch transactions during the initial load, we will create an extract for Change Data Capture
edit params extrcdc1
-------------------------------->
EXTRACT extrcdc1
useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/gg
LOGALLSUPCOLS
UPDATERECORDFORMAT compact
TABLE HR.*;
TABLEEXCLUDE HR.EMP_DETAILS_VIEW;
<--------------------------------
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
register extract extrcdc1 database
add extract extrcdc1, integrated tranlog, begin now
EXTRACT added.
add extract extrcdc1, integrated tranlog, begin now
add exttrail ./dirdat/gg, extract extrcdc1, megabytes 5
# on source, configure the datapump
edit params dppump1
-------------------------------->
EXTRACT dppump1
PASSTHRU
RMTHOST bakura, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/jj
TABLE HR.*;
TABLEEXCLUDE HR.EMP_DETAILS_VIEW;
<--------------------------------
add extract dppump1, exttrailsource ./dirdat/gg
add rmttrail ./dirdat/jj, extract dppump1, megabytes 5
# on sourxe, start extracts CDC capture and datapump
start extract dppump1
start extract extrcdc1
info *
# on target, configure replicat for CDC
edit params replcdd
-------------------------------->
REPLICAT replcdd
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/replccd.dsc, purge
useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
MAP HR.*, TARGET HR.*;
<--------------------------------
dblogin useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
add replicat replcdd, integrated, exttrail ./dirdat/jj
# We will NOT START the replicat right now as we wan to do the initial load before
# Note down the current scn of the source database
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
3968490
# on destination, import HS schema
create public database link ANDOPRD connect to OGGADMIN identified by "Chan8em11fUwant!" using '//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD';
select * from DUAL@ANDOPRD;
impdp userid=OGGADMIN/"Chan8em11fUwant!"@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD logfile=MY:HR.log network_link=ANDOPRD schemas=HR flashback_scn=3968490
start replicat replcdd, aftercsn 3968490

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# setup source schema
#####################
create user WOMBAT identified by "NDbGvewNHVj8@#2FFGfz!De";
grant connect, resource to WOMBAT;
alter user WOMBAT quota unlimited on USERS;
connect WOMBAT/"NDbGvewNHVj8@#2FFGfz!De";
drop table T0 purge;
drop table T1 purge;
drop table T2 purge;
drop table T3 purge;
create table JOB (
id NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY,
d DATE not null
);
alter table JOB add constraint JOB_PK_ID primary key (ID);
create table T0 (
id NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY,
d DATE not null,
c VARCHAR2(20),
n NUMBER
)
partition by range (d)
interval (interval '1' MONTH) (
partition p0 values less than (DATE'2000-01-01')
)
;
alter table T0 add constraint T0_PK_ID primary key (ID);
create table T1 (
d DATE not null,
c VARCHAR2(10),
n1 NUMBER,
n2 NUMBER
)
partition by range (d)
interval (interval '1' MONTH) (
partition p0 values less than (DATE'2000-01-01')
)
;
create table T2 (
d DATE not null,
n1 NUMBER,
n2 NUMBER,
n3 NUMBER
)
partition by range (d)
interval (interval '1' MONTH) (
partition p0 values less than (DATE'2000-01-01')
)
;
create table T3 (
d DATE not null,
n NUMBER,
c1 VARCHAR2(10),
c2 VARCHAR2(10),
c3 VARCHAR2(10)
)
partition by range (d)
interval (interval '1' MONTH) (
partition p0 values less than (DATE'2000-01-01')
)
;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION random_date(
p_from IN DATE,
p_to IN DATE
) RETURN DATE
IS
BEGIN
RETURN p_from + DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE() * (p_to -p_from);
END random_date;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION random_string(
maxsize IN NUMBER
) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
BEGIN
RETURN dbms_random.string('x',maxsize);
END random_string;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION random_integer(
maxvalue IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER
IS
BEGIN
RETURN trunc(dbms_random.value(1,maxvalue));
END random_integer;
/
# add some data into tables
###########################
set timing ON
DECLARE
imax NUMBER default 100000;
i number;
begin
dbms_random.seed (val => 0);
for i in 1 .. imax loop
insert /*+ APPEND */ into T0 (d,c,n) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_string(20),random_integer(999999999));
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
DECLARE
imax NUMBER default 100000;
i number;
begin
dbms_random.seed (val => 0);
for i in 1 .. imax loop
insert /*+ APPEND */ into T1 (d,c,n1,n2) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_string(10),random_integer(999999999),random_integer(999999999));
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
DECLARE
imax NUMBER default 100000;
i number;
begin
dbms_random.seed (val => 0);
for i in 1 .. imax loop
insert /*+ APPEND */ into T2 (d,n1,n2,n3) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_integer(999999999),random_integer(999999999),random_integer(999999999));
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
DECLARE
imax NUMBER default 100000;
i number;
begin
dbms_random.seed (val => 0);
for i in 1 .. imax loop
insert /*+ APPEND */ into T3 (d,n,c1,c2,c3) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_integer(999999999),random_string(10),random_string(10),random_string(10));
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
# run this PL/SQL block to generate living data
###############################################
connect WOMBAT/"NDbGvewNHVj8@#2FFGfz!De";
DECLARE
i number;
begin
loop
sys.dbms_session.sleep(5);
dbms_random.seed (val => 0);
i:=random_integer(999999999);
insert into JOB (d) values (sysdate);
update T0 set c=random_string(20) where n=i;
update T1 set c=random_string(20) where n2 between i-1000 and i+1000;
update T2 set d=random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE) where n1 between i-1000 and i+1000;
update T3 set c1=random_string(20),d=random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE) where n between i-1000 and i+1000;
insert into T0 (d,c,n) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_string(20),random_integer(999999999));
insert into T1 (d,c,n1,n2) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_string(10),random_integer(999999999),random_integer(999999999));
insert into T2 (d,n1,n2,n3) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_integer(999999999),random_integer(999999999),random_integer(999999999));
insert into T3 (d,c1,c2,c3) values (random_date(DATE'2000-01-01',SYSDATE),random_string(10),random_string(10),random_string(10));
commit;
exit when 1=0;
end loop;
end;
/
## Golden Gate setup
####################
# on source & destination
alias gg='rlwrap /app/oracle/product/ogg21/ggsci'
create user OGGADMIN identified by "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1";
# maybe too much
grant DBA to OGGADMIN;
Edit params ./GLOBALS
#-->
GGSCHEMA OGGADMIN
#<--
# on source
add credentialstore
info credentialstore domain admin
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD password "eXtpam!ZarghOzVe81p@1" alias ANDOPRD domain admin
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
# on destination
add credentialstore
info credentialstore domain admin
alter credentialstore add user OGGADMIN@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD password "Chan8em11fUwant!" alias EWOKPRD domain admin
info credentialstore domain admin
dblogin useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
# setup replication only for tables T0, T1 and T2
#################################################
# on source machine
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
list tables WOMBAT.*
add trandata WOMBAT.T0
add trandata WOMBAT.T1
add trandata WOMBAT.T2
edit params extr_w1
-------------------------------->
EXTRACT extr_w1
useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/w1
LOGALLSUPCOLS
UPDATERECORDFORMAT compact
table WOMBAT.T0;
table WOMBAT.T1;
table WOMBAT.T2;
<--------------------------------
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
register extract extr_w1 database
add extract extr_w1, integrated tranlog, begin now
add exttrail ./dirdat/w1, extract extr_w1, megabytes 5
start extr_w1
info extr_w1
# on source, configure the datapump
edit params dpump_w1
-------------------------------->
EXTRACT dpump_w1
PASSTHRU
RMTHOST bakura, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/w1
table WOMBAT.T0;
table WOMBAT.T1;
table WOMBAT.T2;
<--------------------------------
add extract dpump_w1, exttrailsource ./dirdat/w1
add rmttrail ./dirdat/w1, extract dpump_w1, megabytes 5
start dpump_w1
info dpump_w1
# on target, setup replcat but not start it
edit params repl_w1
-------------------------------->
REPLICAT repl_w1
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repl_w1.dsc, purge
useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
MAP WOMBAT.T0, TARGET OTTER.T0;
MAP WOMBAT.T1, TARGET OTTER.T1;
MAP WOMBAT.T2, TARGET OTTER.T2;
<--------------------------------
dblogin useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
add replicat repl_w1, integrated, exttrail ./dirdat/w1
# perform the intial LOAD
#########################
# Note down the current scn of the source database
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
4531616
# on destination, import tables
create public database link ANDOPRD connect to OGGADMIN identified by "Chan8em11fUwant!" using '//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD';
select * from DUAL@ANDOPRD;
# create target schema using same DDL defionotion as on source database
create user OTTER identified by "50DbGvewN00K@@)2FFGfzKg";
grant connect, resource to OTTER;
alter user OTTER quota unlimited on USERS;
impdp userid=OGGADMIN/"Chan8em11fUwant!"@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD logfile=MY:WOMBAT_01.log network_link=ANDOPRD tables=WOMBAT.T0,WOMBAT.T1,WOMBAT.T2 flashback_scn=4531616 remap_schema=WOMBAT:OTTER
start repl_w1, aftercsn 4531616
# when LAG is catched, retart replcat
stop repl_w1
start repl_w1
info repl_w1
# add 2 tables to SYNC
######################
# on source, add 2 tables to extract & datapump
stop dpump_w1
stop extr_w1
# add new tables in extract & datapump parameter files
edit params extr_w1
-------------------------------->
EXTRACT extr_w1
useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/w1
LOGALLSUPCOLS
UPDATERECORDFORMAT compact
table WOMBAT.T0;
table WOMBAT.T1;
table WOMBAT.T2;
table WOMBAT.JOB;
table WOMBAT.T3;
<--------------------------------
# add trandata for new tables
dblogin useridalias ANDOPRD domain admin
list tables WOMBAT.*
add trandata WOMBAT.JOB
add trandata WOMBAT.T3
start extr_w1
info extr_w1
edit params dpump_w1
-------------------------------->
EXTRACT dpump_w1
PASSTHRU
RMTHOST bakura, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/w1
table WOMBAT.T0;
table WOMBAT.T1;
table WOMBAT.T2;
table WOMBAT.JOB;
table WOMBAT.T3;
<--------------------------------
start dpump_w1
info dpump_w1
# once extract & datapump are up and running, we will proceed with the initial load of the nexw tables using expdp/impdp
# Note down the current scn of the source database
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
4675686
impdp userid=OGGADMIN/"Chan8em11fUwant!"@//bakura:1521/EWOKPRD logfile=MY:WOMBAT_02.log network_link=ANDOPRD tables=WOMBAT.JOB,WOMBAT.T3 flashback_scn=4675686 remap_schema=WOMBAT:OTTER
# on target, stop replicat, add new tables and start FROM THE GOOD SCN ON NEW TABLES
stop repl_w1
edit params repl_w1
-------------------------------->
REPLICAT repl_w1
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repl_w1.dsc, purge
useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
MAP WOMBAT.T0, TARGET OTTER.T0;
MAP WOMBAT.T1, TARGET OTTER.T1;
MAP WOMBAT.T2, TARGET OTTER.T2;
MAP WOMBAT.JOB, TARGET OTTER.JOB, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 4633243);
MAP WOMBAT.T3, TARGET OTTER.T3, filter(@GETENV ('TRANSACTION','CSN') > 4633243);
<--------------------------------
start repl_w1
info repl_w1
# wen lag is catched, remove SCN clauses from replicat and restart
stop repl_w1
edit params repl_w1
-------------------------------->
REPLICAT repl_w1
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repl_w1.dsc, purge
useridalias EWOKPRD domain admin
MAP WOMBAT.T0, TARGET OTTER.T0;
MAP WOMBAT.T1, TARGET OTTER.T1;
MAP WOMBAT.T2, TARGET OTTER.T2;
MAP WOMBAT.JOB, TARGET OTTER.JOB;
MAP WOMBAT.T3, TARGET OTTER.T3;
<--------------------------------
start repl_w1
info repl_w1

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## Articles
https://www.dbi-services.com/blog/how-to-create-an-oracle-goldengate-extract-in-multitenant/
http://blog.data-alchemy.org/posts/oracle-goldengate-pluggable/
## Topology
Databases:
- source: CDB: JEDIPRD@wayland, PDB: YODA
- target: CDB: SITHPRD@togoria, PDB: MAUL
## Databases setup for Golden Gate
In **both** databases, create Golden Gate admin user in `CDB$ROOT`:
create user c##oggadmin identified by "Secret00!";
alter user c##oggadmin quota unlimited on USERS;
grant create session, connect,resource,alter system, select any dictionary, flashback any table to c##oggadmin container=all;
exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege(grantee => 'c##oggadmin',container=>'all');
alter user c##oggadmin set container_data=all container=current;
grant alter any table to c##oggadmin container=ALL;
alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true scope=both;
alter database force logging;
alter database add supplemental log data;
select supplemental_log_data_min, force_logging from v$database;
> On **target** database I had to add extra grants:
grant select any table to c##oggadmin container=ALL;
grant insert any table to c##oggadmin container=ALL;
grant update any table to c##oggadmin container=ALL;
grant delete any table to c##oggadmin container=ALL;
Create schemas for replicated tables on source and target PDB:
alter session set container=YODA;
create user GREEN identified by "Secret00!";
alter user GREEN quota unlimited on USERS;
grant connect,resource to GREEN;
connect GREEN/"Secret00!"@wayland/YODA;
alter session set container=MAUL;
create user RED identified by "Secret00!";
alter user RED quota unlimited on USERS;
grant connect,resource to RED;
connect RED/"Secret00!"@togoria/MAUL;
## Setup `exegol` Golden Gate deployment
> My Root CA (added to truststore host) has not be recognized by `admincmient` resulting OGG-12982 error while `curl` works perfectly.
Solution: define `OGG_CLIENT_TLS_CAPATH` environement variable to my root CA certificate prior to using `admincmient`
export OGG_CLIENT_TLS_CAPATH=/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/rootCA.pem
Add in the credentialstore enteries for database connections:
adminclient
connect https://exegol.swgalaxy:2000 deployment ogg_exegol_deploy as OGGADMIN password "Secret00!"
Optionaly store credentials to connect to deployement:
add credentials admin user OGGADMIN password "Secret00!"
Now we can hide the password when conecting to deployement:
connect https://exegol.swgalaxy:2000 deployment ogg_exegol_deploy as admin
Add in the credentialstore enteries for database connections:
create wallet
add credentialstore
alter credentialstore add user c##oggadmin@wayland/JEDIPRD password "Secret00!" alias JEDIPRD
alter credentialstore add user c##oggadmin@wayland/YODA password "Secret00!" alias YODA
info credentialstore
Test database connections:
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
dblogin useridalias YODA
To delete a user from credential store:
alter credentialstore delete user JEDIPRD
> IMPORTANT: in a database **MULTITENANT** architecture, Golden Gate is working at `CDB$ROOT` level.
Create the checkpoint table:
dblogin useridalias JEDIPRD
add checkpointtable YODA.c##oggadmin.checkpt
Set **global** parameters:
edit GLOBALS
Put:
ggschema c##oggadmin
checkpointtable YODA.c##oggadmin.checkpt
## Setup `helska` Golden Gate deployment
adminclient
connect https://helska.swgalaxy:2000 deployment ogg_helska_deploy as OGGADMIN password "Secret00!"
Optionaly store credentials to connect to deployement:
add credentials admin user OGGADMIN password "Secret00!"
Now we can hide the password when conecting to deployement:
connect https://helska.swgalaxy:2000 deployment ogg_helska_deploy as admin
Add in the credentialstore enteries for database connections:
alter credentialstore add user c##oggadmin@togoria/SITHPRD password "Secret00!" alias SITHPRD
alter credentialstore add user c##oggadmin@togoria/MAUL password "Secret00!" alias MAUL
info credentialstore
Test database connections:
dblogin useridalias SITHPRD
dblogin useridalias MAUL
Create the checkpoint table:
dblogin useridalias SITHPRD
add checkpointtable MAUL.c##oggadmin.checkpt
Set **global** parameters:
edit GLOBALS
Put:
ggschema c##oggadmin
checkpointtable MAUL.c##oggadmin.checkpt

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Packages to install before executing `runInstaller`:
```bash
dnf install fontconfig.x86_64 compat-openssl11.x86_64 -y
```
Script for **stand alone** database creation:
```bash
#!/bin/bash
DB_NAME=DEFENDER
ORACLE_UNQNAME=DEFENDERPRD
PDB_NAME=SENTINEL
SYS_PWD="Secret00!"
PDB_PWD="Secret00!"
dbca -silent \
-createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_UNQNAME} \
-sid ${DB_NAME} \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName ${PDB_NAME} \
-pdbAdminPassword ${PDB_PWD} \
-sysPassword ${SYS_PWD} \
-systemPassword ${SYS_PWD} \
-datafileDestination /data \
-storageType FS \
-useOMF true \
-recoveryAreaDestination /reco \
-recoveryAreaSize 10240 \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-totalMemory 3072
```

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# Setup 1: self signed certificated and certificates exchange
## Server side (togoria)
Create the wallet:
orapki wallet create \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-auto_login_local
Create certificate in wallet:
orapki wallet add \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-dn "CN=togoria.swgalaxy" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 3650
Display wallet contents (wallet password is not required):
orapki wallet display \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet"
Export certificate:
orapki wallet export \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-dn "CN=togoria.swgalaxy" \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/exports/togoria.swgalaxy.crt
## Client side (wayland)
Create the wallet:
orapki wallet create \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-auto_login_local
Create certificate in wallet:
orapki wallet add \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-dn "CN=wayland.swgalaxy" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 3650
Display wallet contents (wallet password is not required):
orapki wallet display \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet"
Export certificate:
orapki wallet export \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-dn "CN=wayland.swgalaxy" \
-cert /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/exports/wayland.swgalaxy.crt
## Exchange certificates between server and client
Load client certificate into server wallet as **trusted** certificate:
orapki wallet add \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-trusted_cert -cert /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/exports/wayland.swgalaxy.crt
Load server certificate into client wallet as **trusted** certificate:
orapki wallet add \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-trusted_cert -cert /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/exports/togoria.swgalaxy.crt
## Server side (togoria)
> It is not possible to use a custom `TNS_ADMIN` for the listener. `sqlnet.ora` and `listener.ora` shound be placed under `$(orabasehome)/network/admin` for a **read-only** `ORACLE_HOME` or under `$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin` for a **read-write** `ORACLE_HOME`
File `sqlnet.ora`:
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet)
)
)
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (TCPS,NTS,BEQ)
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = FALSE
SSL_CIPHER_SUITES = (SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA)
File `listener.ora`:
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = FALSE
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet)
)
)
LISTENER_SECURE =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = togoria.swgalaxy)(PORT = 24000))
)
)
Start listener:
lsnrctl start LISTENER_SECURE
Register listener in database:
alter system set local_listener="(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = togoria.swgalaxy)(PORT = 24000))
)
)"
scope=both sid='*';
alter system register;
## Client network configuration
export TNS_ADMIN=/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/tnsadmin
File `$TNS_ADMIN/sqlnet.ora`:
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet)
)
)
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (TCPS,NTS)
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = FALSE
SSL_CIPHER_SUITES = (SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA)
File `$TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora`:
MAUL_24000=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=
(PROTOCOL=TCPS)(HOST=togoria.swgalaxy)(PORT=24000)
)
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVICE_NAME=MAUL)
)
)
Check **TCPS** connection:
connect vpl/*****@MAUL_24000
select SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','NETWORK_PROTOCOL') from dual;
# Setup 2: use certificates signed by a CA Root
Stop the listener:
lsnrctl stop LISTENER_SECURE
Remove trusted/user certificates and certificate requests on **server** side.
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-trusted_cert \
-alias 'CN=togoria.swgalaxy'
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-trusted_cert \
-alias 'CN=wayland.swgalaxy'
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-user_cert \
-dn 'CN=togoria.swgalaxy'
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-cert_req \
-dn 'CN=togoria.swgalaxy'
Remove trusted/user certificates and certificate requests on **client** side.
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-trusted_cert \
-alias 'CN=togoria.swgalaxy'
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-trusted_cert \
-alias 'CN=wayland.swgalaxy'
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-user_cert \
-dn 'CN=wayland.swgalaxy'
orapki wallet remove \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-cert_req \
-dn 'CN=wayland.swgalaxy'
Check if wallets are empty client/server side.
orapki wallet display \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet"
We will use certificates signed by the same CA Root for the client and for the server.
Create an export file using the server certificate, server private key and CA Root certificate:
openssl pkcs12 -export \
-in /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/togoria.swgalaxy.crt \
-inkey /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/togoria.swgalaxy.key \
-certfile /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/rootCA.pem \
-out /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/togoria.swgalaxy.p12
Import into Oracle wallet:
orapki wallet import_pkcs12 \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "C0mpl1cated#Ph|rase" \
-pkcs12file /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/togoria.swgalaxy.p12
Server certificate will be imported as **user** certificate and CA Root certificate will be imported as **trusted** certificate.
Perform the same certificate export-import operation client side:
openssl pkcs12 -export \
-in /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/wayland.swgalaxy.crt \
-inkey /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/wayland.swgalaxy.key \
-certfile /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/rootCA.pem \
-out /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/wayland.swgalaxy.p12
orapki wallet import_pkcs12 \
-wallet "/app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/wallet" \
-pwd "Dont1Try@toGuessth1s" \
-pkcs12file /app/oracle/staging_area/TLS_poc/openssl_files/wayland.swgalaxy.p12
Start the listener:
lsnrctl start LISTENER_SECURE

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# clone non-CDB to PDB using database link
##########################################
# Note: source is ARCHIVELOG mode and READ-WRITE state
# on source (non-CDB) database, create the user to use for the database link
create user CLONE_USER identified by "m007jgert221PnH@A";
grant create session, create pluggable database to CLONE_USER;
# on target (CDB) database, create the database link
create database link CLONE_NON_CDB
connect to CLONE_USER identified by "m007jgert221PnH@A"
using '//togoria:1521/ANDOPRD';
select * from dual@CLONE_NON_CDB;
# drop target database if exists
alter pluggable database WOMBAT close immediate instances=ALL;
drop pluggable database WOMBAT including datafiles;
# clone PDB from database link
create pluggable database WOMBAT from NON$CDB@CLONE_NON_CDB parallel 4;
# the PDB should be on MOUNT state
show pdbs
# if the version of TARGET DB > version of SOURCE DB, the PDB should be upgrade
dbupgrade -l /home/oracle/tmp -c "WOMBAT"
# convert to PDB before openning
alter session set container=WOMBAT;
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/noncdb_to_pdb.sql
# after convversion, open the PDB and save state
alter pluggable database WOMBAT open instances=ALL;
alter pluggable database WOMBAT save state;

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qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/taris/boot_01.img 4G
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/taris/root_01.img 30G
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/taris/swap_01.img 20G
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/taris/app_01.img 60G
virt-install \
--graphics vnc,password=secret,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--name=taris \
--vcpus=4 \
--memory=16384 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--cdrom=/vm/hdd0/_kit_/OracleLinux-R8-U7-x86_64-dvd.iso \
--disk /vm/ssd0/taris/boot_01.img \
--disk /vm/ssd0/taris/root_01.img \
--disk /vm/ssd0/taris/swap_01.img \
--disk /vm/ssd0/taris/app_01.img \
--os-variant=ol8.5
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/taris/data_01.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/taris/data_02.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/taris/reco_01.img bs=1G count=20
virsh domblklist taris --details
virsh attach-disk taris --source /vm/ssd0/taris/data_01.img --target vde --persistent
virsh attach-disk taris --source /vm/ssd0/taris/data_02.img --target vdf --persistent
virsh attach-disk taris --source /vm/ssd0/taris/reco_01.img --target vdg --persistent
# Enable EPEL Repository on Oracle Linux 8
tee /etc/yum.repos.d/ol8-epel.repo<<EOF
[ol8_developer_EPEL]
name= Oracle Linux \$releasever EPEL (\$basearch)
baseurl=https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/developer/EPEL/\$basearch/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
EOF
dnf makecache
# on host install packages
dnf install -y bind-utils zip.x86_64 unzip.x86_64 gzip.x86_64 pigz.x86_64 net-tools.x86_64 unixODBC wget lsof.x86_64 rlwrap.x86_64 cifs-utils.x86_64
dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c.x86_64
dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall-21c.x86_64
# disable firewall
systemctl status firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# disable selinux
getenforce
# update /etc/selinux/config
# restart the server and check if it is diabled
getenforce
groupadd smbuser --gid 1502
useradd smbuser --uid 1502 -g smbuser -G smbuser
mkdir -p /mnt/yavin4
# test CIFS mount
mount -t cifs //192.168.0.9/share /mnt/yavin4 -o vers=2.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,user=vplesnila
umount /mnt/yavin4
# create credentials file for automount: /root/.smbcred
# username=vplesnila
# password=*****
# add in /etc/fstab
# //192.168.0.9/share /mnt/yavin4 cifs vers=2.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,credentials=/root/.smbcred 0 0
-- mount
mount -a
cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-* | grep IPADD
cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-* | grep NAME

55
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# based on note: How to rename the hostname in RAC (Doc ID 2341779.1)
# rodia-db01 -> ylesia-db01
# rodia-db02 -> ylesia-db02
# rodia-scan -> ylesia-scan
# on rodia-db02: stop CRS
# on rodia-db02: deconfigure CRS
# on rodia-db02: uninstall GI
# on rodia-db01: remove rodia-db02 from cluster
# on rodia-db02: change IPs and change hostname to ylesia-db02
# on rodia-db01: add ylesia-db02 to cluster
# on rodia-db02 as root
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl stop crs
$ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.sh -deconfig -force
# on rodia-db02 as grid
$ORACLE_HOME/deinstall/deinstall -local
# on rodia-db01 as root
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl delete node -n rodia-db02
olsnodes
crsctl status res -t
# change IPs and hostame rodia-db02 -> ylesia-db02
# on rodia-db01 as grid using graphical interface
$ORACLE_HOME/addnode/addnode.sh
olsnodes
crsctl status res -t
# repeat operations for remove rodia-db01, rename rodia-db01 -> ylesia-db01 and add ylesia-db01 to the cluster
# now change SCAN & SCAN listener
srvctl config scan
srvctl stop scan_listener
srvctl stop scan -f
srvctl status scan
srvctl status scan_listener
srvctl modify scan -n ylesia-scan
srvctl config scan
srvctl start scan
srvctl start scan_listener

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# DNS config
############
# config file swgalaxy.zone
ylesia-db01 IN A 192.168.0.114
ylesia-db01-vip IN A 192.168.0.115
ylesia-db01-priv IN A 192.168.1.114
ylesia-db01-asm IN A 192.168.2.114
ylesia-db02 IN A 192.168.0.116
ylesia-db02-vip IN A 192.168.0.117
ylesia-db02-priv IN A 192.168.1.116
ylesia-db02-asm IN A 192.168.2.116
ylesia-scan IN A 192.168.0.108
ylesia-scan IN A 192.168.0.109
ylesia-scan IN A 192.168.0.110
rodia-db01 IN A 192.168.0.93
rodia-db01-vip IN A 192.168.0.95
rodia-db01-priv IN A 192.168.1.93
rodia-db01-asm IN A 192.168.2.93
rodia-db02 IN A 192.168.0.94
rodia-db02-vip IN A 192.168.0.96
rodia-db02-priv IN A 192.168.1.94
rodia-db02-asm IN A 192.168.2.94
rodia-scan IN A 192.168.0.97
rodia-scan IN A 192.168.0.98
rodia-scan IN A 192.168.0.99
# config file 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa
114 IN PTR ylesia-db01.
116 IN PTR ylesia-db02.
115 IN PTR ylesia-db01-vip.
117 IN PTR ylesia-db02-vip.
108 IN PTR ylesia-scan.
109 IN PTR ylesia-scan.
110 IN PTR ylesia-scan.
93 IN PTR rodia-db01.swgalaxy.
94 IN PTR rodia-db02.swgalaxy.
95 IN PTR rodia-db01-vip.swgalaxy.
96 IN PTR rodia-db02-vip.swgalaxy.
97 IN PTR rodia-scan.swgalaxy.
98 IN PTR rodia-scan.swgalaxy.
99 IN PTR rodia-scan.swgalaxy.
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/boot_01.img 4G
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/root_01.img 30G
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/swap_01.img 20G
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/app_01.img 60G
# get os-variant as Short ID from OS info database
osinfo-query os | grep -i oracle | sort
virt-install \
--graphics vnc,password=secret,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--name=ylesia-db01 \
--vcpus=4 \
--memory=40960 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--cdrom=/mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/OEL8/OracleLinux-R8-U7-x86_64-dvd.iso \
--disk /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/boot_01.img \
--disk /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/root_01.img \
--disk /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/swap_01.img \
--disk /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/ylesia-db01/app_01.img \
--os-variant=ol8.5
# on host install packages
dnf install bind-utils
dnf install zip.x86_64 unzip.x86_64 gzip.x86_64
dnf install pigz.x86_64
dnf install net-tools.x86_64
dnf install oracle-database-preinstall-19c.x86_64
dnf install oracle-database-preinstall-21c.x86_64
dnf install unixODBC
dnf install wget
dnf install lsof.x86_64
# Enable EPEL Repository on Oracle Linux 8
tee /etc/yum.repos.d/ol8-epel.repo<<EOF
[ol8_developer_EPEL]
name= Oracle Linux \$releasever EPEL (\$basearch)
baseurl=https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/developer/EPEL/\$basearch/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
EOF
dnf makecache
# Install rlwrap
dnf install rlwrap.x86_64
# disable firewall
systemctl status firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# disable selinux
getenforce
# update /etc/selinux/config
# restart the server and check if it is diabled
getenforce
# grid infrastructure users and groups
groupadd -g 54327 asmoper
groupadd -g 54328 asmdba
groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
useradd -g oinstall -G asmoper,asmdba,asmadmin -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" grid
usermod -g oinstall -G asmdba,dba,oper -c "Oracle Sotfware Owner" oracle
# install ASMLib
# see Metalink note: Oracle Linux 8: How To Install ASMLib (Doc ID 2720215.1)
# that will install oracleasm-support & oracleasmlib
cd /tmp
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/asmlib/oracleasmlib-2.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/addons/x86_64/getPackage/oracleasm-support-2.1.12-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
dnf localinstall ./oracleasm-support-2.1.12-1.el8.x86_64.rpm ./oracleasmlib-2.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
# in Dom0, create virtual disk for ASM
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_01.img bs=1G count=30
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_02.img bs=1G count=30
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_03.img bs=1G count=30
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_04.img bs=1G count=30
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_05.img bs=1G count=30
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_01.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_02.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_03.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_04.img bs=1G count=20
# list the block devices of VM
virsh domblklist ylesia-db01 --details
# attach disks to the VM (with VM stopped for more than 1 disk to attach, I don't know why)
# vdX device names will be renamed automatically at VM start in order do not have gaps
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_01.img --target vdi --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_02.img --target vdj --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_03.img --target vdk --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_04.img --target vdl --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_data_05.img --target vdm --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_01.img --target vdn --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_02.img --target vdo --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_03.img --target vdp --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db01 --source /vm/hdd0/ylesia-rac/disk-array/asm_reco_04.img --target vdr --persistent
# edit VM xml config file and add to disk array disk's keyword: <shareable/>
oracleasm configure -i
# choose grid for user and asmdba for group
oracleasm init
# if we need to use an older kernel prior to lmast kernel update
# https://www.golinuxcloud.com/change-default-kernel-version-rhel-centos-8/
# create ASM disks
oracleasm status
oracleasm scandisks
oracleasm listdisks
# list block devices
lsblk
# use following shell script to create all new partitions
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/sh
hdd="/dev/vde /dev/vdf /dev/vdg /dev/vdh /dev/vdi /dev/vdj /dev/vdk /dev/vdl /dev/vdm"
for i in $hdd;do
echo "n
p
1
w
"|fdisk $i;done
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# if ASMLib is used
oracleasm createdisk DATA_01 /dev/vde1
oracleasm createdisk DATA_02 /dev/vdf1
oracleasm createdisk DATA_03 /dev/vdg1
oracleasm createdisk DATA_04 /dev/vdh1
oracleasm createdisk DATA_05 /dev/vdi1
oracleasm createdisk RECO_01 /dev/vdj1
oracleasm createdisk RECO_02 /dev/vdk1
oracleasm createdisk RECO_03 /dev/vdl1
oracleasm createdisk RECO_04 /dev/vdm1
# without ASMLib
vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="vde1",NAME="asm_data_01",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdf1",NAME="asm_data_02",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdg1",NAME="asm_data_03",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdh1",NAME="asm_data_04",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdi1",NAME="asm_data_05",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdj1",NAME="asm_reco_01",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdk1",NAME="asm_reco_02",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdl1",NAME="asm_reco_03",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="vdm1",NAME="asm_reco_04",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
# at this moment clone the VM
# on Dom0
virsh dumpxml ylesia-db01 > /tmp/myvm.xml
# modify XML file:
# replace ylesia-db01 by ylesia-db02
# remove <uuid>...</uuid> line
# generate new mac addresses for network interfaces
date +%s | md5sum | head -c 6 | sed -e 's/\([0-9A-Fa-f]\{2\}\)/\1:/g' -e 's/\(.*\):$/\1/' | sed -e 's/^/52:54:00:/'
virsh define /tmp/myvm.xml
# start cloned ylesia-db02 VM and change IP adresses and host name
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp1s0
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp2s0
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp3s0
hostnamectl set-hostname ylesia-db02.swgalaxy
# mount CIFS share on both VM
dnf install cifs-utils.x86_64
groupadd smbuser --gid 1502
useradd smbuser --uid 1502 -g smbuser -G smbuser
mkdir -p /mnt/yavin4
# test CIFS mount
mount -t cifs //192.168.0.9/share /mnt/yavin4 -o vers=2.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,user=vplesnila
umount /mnt/yavin4
# create credentials file for automount: /root/.smbcred
# username=vplesnila
# password=*****
# add in /etc/fstab
# //192.168.0.9/share /mnt/yavin4 cifs vers=2.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,credentials=/root/.smbcred 0 0
-- mount
mount -a
# oracle user profile
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
alias listen='lsof -i -P | grep -i "listen"'
alias s='rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba'
alias r='rlwrap rman target /'
PS1='\u@\h[$ORACLE_SID]:$PWD\$ '
umask 022
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# grid user profile
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
alias listen='lsof -i -P | grep -i "listen"'
alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'
alias s='rlwrap sqlplus / as sysasm'
PS1='\u@\h[$ORACLE_SID]:$PWD\$ '
umask 022
GRID_HOME=/app/grid/product/21.3
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
ORACLE_BASE=/app/grid/base
ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
export ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_HOME
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export ORACLE_SID
export PATH
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# generate SSH keys on both VM and add public keys in .ssh/authorized_keys in order to connect locally and cross connect without password
ssh-keygen
cd
cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys
# as root on both VM
mkdir -p /app/grid/product/21.3
mkdir -p /app/grid/base
mkdir -p /app/grid/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /app/grid/product/21.3
chown -R grid:oinstall /app/grid/base
chown -R grid:oinstall /app/grid/oraInventory
# on the 1st VM, unzip grid infrastructure distribution ZIP file
cd /app/grid/product/21.3
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/Oracle_Database_21/LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip
# from a X11 terminal, proceed with software installation
/app/grid/product/21.3/gridSetup.sh
# same command to use after software installation in order to configure the new Oracle Cluster
/app/grid/product/21.3/gridSetup.sh
# if grid setup fails with the error PRVG-11250 The Check "RPM Package Manager Database" Was Not Performed
# consider apply following MOS note: Cluvfy Fail with PRVG-11250 The Check "RPM Package Manager Database" Was Not Performed (Doc ID 2548970.1)
/app/grid/product/21.3/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n ylesia-db01,ylesia-db02 -method root
# from a X11 terminal, run ASM configuration assistent in order to create RECO diskgroup
/app/grid/product/21.3/bin/asmca
# check cluster status
crsctl status res -t
# Apply the latest GIRU patch using out-of-place method
#######################################################
# as root, create a staging area for patches on the first VM
mkdir -p /app/staging_area
chown -R grid:oinstall /app/staging_area
chmod g+w /app/staging_area
# as grid user, unzip GI patch in the staging area onn the first VM
su - grid
cd /app/staging_area
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/Oracle_Database_21/patch/GI_RU_AVR23/p35132566_210000_Linux-x86-64.zip
# as root, on both VM, preparev the directory for the new GI
export NEW_GRID_HOME=/app/grid/software/21.10
mkdir -p $NEW_GRID_HOME
chown -R grid:oinstall $NEW_GRID_HOME
# as grid, only on the first VM unzip the base distibution of thr GI
su - grid
export NEW_GRID_HOME=/app/grid/software/21.10
cd $NEW_GRID_HOME
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/Oracle_Database_21/LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip
# very IMPORTANT
# deploy the last version of OPatch in the new GI home before proceed with the GI install with RU apply
# as grid user
cd $NEW_GRID_HOME
rm -rf OPatch
ls OPatch
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/opatch/p6880880_210000_Linux-x86-64.zip
# at this moment, just simulate an install of the base GI, software only
# do not install, just put the response file aside
# setup the new GI HOME and install the GIRU
export NEW_GRID_HOME=/app/grid/software/21.10
export ORACLE_HOME=$NEW_GRID_HOME
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -executePrereqs -silent
cd $ORACLE_HOME
./gridSetup.sh -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-applyRU /app/staging_area/35132566 \
-responseFile /home/grid/grid.rsp
# once new GI homes are insalled and updated to the lasr GIRU
# switch CRS to the new GI HOME, on each VM's one by one (rolling mode)
export NEW_GRID_HOME=/app/grid/software/21.10
export ORACLE_HOME=$NEW_GRID_HOME
export CURRENT_NODE=$(hostname)
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh \
-silent -switchGridHome \
oracle.install.option=CRS_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME \
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=$CURRENT_NODE \
oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
# check if grid:oinstall is the owner of GI HOME, otherwise modify-it:
chown grid /app/grid/product/21.10
# IMPORTANT: do not remove the old GI HOME before switching to the new GI HOME on all nodes
# update grid .bash_profile with the new GI home and check CRS
crsctl status res -t
# display registered ORACLE_HOME's
cat /app/grid/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml | grep "HOME NAME"
# as grid user, on both VM, remove OLD ORACLE_HOME
export OLD_GRID_HOME=/app/grid/product
export ORACLE_HOME=$OLD_GRID_HOME
$ORACLE_HOME/deinstall/deinstall -local
# divers
########
# if some install/deinstall operations for 19 rdbms are failing checking OEL8.7 compatibility, use:
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OL7
# possible also to need following libs
dnf install libstdc++-devel.x86_64
dnf install libaio-devel.x86_64
dnf install libcap.x86_64 libcap-devel.x86_64
# potential issue with Oracle 19 RDBMS binary
# check permission (-rwsr-s--x) and owner (oracle:oinstall) for 19 oracle binary
ls -l /app/oracle/product/19/bin/oracle
# if is not good, issue as root
chown oracle:asmadmin /app/oracle/product/19/bin/oracle
chmod 6751 /app/oracle/product/19/bin/oracle
# if CLSRSC-762: Empty site GUID for the local site name (Doc ID 2878740.1)
# update $GRID_HOME/crs/install/crsgenconfig_params
# put the name of the RAC and generate a new UUID using linux uuid command
# Enabling a Read-Only Oracle Home
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/roohctl -enable

20
RMAN/rman_duplicate_from_location_hot_backup_01.txt Normal file
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# set duplicate target database to <DB_NAME>
rman auxiliary /
run
{
allocate auxiliary channel aux01 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux02 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux03 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux04 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux05 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux06 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux07 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux08 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux09 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux10 device type disk;
duplicate target database to ANDO backup location '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/19_non_CDB/backupset/';
}

143
Time_Zone_upgrade/ts_upgrade_01.txt Normal file
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# https://oracle-base.com/articles/misc/update-database-time-zone-file#upgrade-time-zone-file-multiteanant
# check current time zone version
select * from V$TIMEZONE_FILE;
select TZ_VERSION from REGISTRY$DATABASE;
-- qyery dst_check.sql -----------
COLUMN property_name FORMAT A30
COLUMN property_value FORMAT A20
select
property_name, property_value
from
DATABASE_PROPERTIES
where
property_name like 'DST_%'
order by
property_name;
----------------------------------
# latest available version of the timezone
select DBMS_DST.GET_LATEST_TIMEZONE_VERSION from dual;
# prepare for the upgrade (optional)
DECLARE
l_tz_version PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
l_tz_version := DBMS_DST.get_latest_timezone_version;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('l_tz_version=' || l_tz_version);
DBMS_DST.begin_prepare(l_tz_version);
END;
/
# execute dst_check.sql
# DST_UPGRADE_STATE should change from NONE to PREPARE
# clean tachnical tables
truncate table SYS.DST$AFFECTED_TABLES;
truncate table SYS.DST$ERROR_TABLE;
# find tables and errors affected by the upgrade
exec DBMS_DST.FIND_AFFECTED_TABLES;
select * from SYS.DST$AFFECTED_TABLES;
select * from SYS.DST$ERROR_TABLE;
# perform necessaty checks and finish the prepare step if you want to go ahead with the upgrade
exec DBMS_DST.END_PREPARE;
# Note: for a CDB, TZ should be upgrade in each container
# restart the database in UPGRADE mode
# BEGIN upgrade
###############
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
l_tz_version PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
SELECT DBMS_DST.get_latest_timezone_version
INTO l_tz_version
FROM dual;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('l_tz_version=' || l_tz_version);
DBMS_DST.begin_upgrade(l_tz_version);
END;
/
# restart the database
# END upgrade
#############
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
l_failures PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
DBMS_DST.upgrade_database(l_failures);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('DBMS_DST.upgrade_database : l_failures=' || l_failures);
DBMS_DST.end_upgrade(l_failures);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('DBMS_DST.end_upgrade : l_failures=' || l_failures);
END;
/
# restart the database
# following queries can be used to check the progress of the TZ upgrade table by table
-- CDB
COLUMN owner FORMAT A30
COLUMN table_name FORMAT A30
SELECT con_id,
owner,
table_name,
upgrade_in_progress
FROM cdb_tstz_tables
ORDER BY 1,2,3;
-- Non-CDB
COLUMN owner FORMAT A30
COLUMN table_name FORMAT A30
SELECT owner,
table_name,
upgrade_in_progress
FROM dba_tstz_tables
ORDER BY 1,2;
# Note: in 21c, the following parameter is supposed tu avoid database restart during TZ upgrade
# in my test it does not worked
alter system set timezone_version_upgrade_online=true scope=both sid='*';
-- restart PDB$SEED in UPGRADE mode
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED close immediate instances=ALL;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED open upgrade instances=ALL;
show pdbs
alter session set container=PDB$SEED;
-- run BEGIN TZ upgrade procedure
-- restart PDB$SEED in READ-WITE mode
alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED close immediate instances=ALL;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED open read write instances=ALL;
alter session set container=PDB$SEED;
-- run END TZ upgrade procedure
-- restart PDB$SEED in READ-WITE mode
alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED close immediate instances=ALL;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED open instances=ALL;
-- check TZ and close PDB$SEED
alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED close immediate instances=ALL;

18
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https://www.databasejournal.com/oracle/hybrid-histograms-in-oracle-12c/
https://hourim.wordpress.com/2016/01/20/natural-and-adjusted-hybrid-histogram/
https://chinaraliyev.wordpress.com/2018/11/06/understanding-hybrid-histogram/
http://www.br8dba.com/store-db-credentials-in-oracle-wallet/
https://backendtales.blogspot.com/2023/02/santas-little-index-helper.html
Asymmetric Dataguard with multitenant
https://oracleandme.com/2023/10/31/asymmetric-dataguard-with-multitenant-part-1/
https://backendtales.blogspot.com/2023/02/santas-little-index-helper.html
https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/community/blob/master/archived/setting-up-postgres-hot-standby.md
# cursor: pin S wait on X
https://svenweller.wordpress.com/2018/05/23/tackling-cursor-pin-s-wait-on-x-wait-event-issue/
# pin cursor in shared pool
https://dbamarco.wordpress.com/2015/10/29/high-parse-time-in-oracle-12c/

78
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show parameter optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
-- sould be FALSE for automatic SPM
col parameter_name for a40
col parameter_value for a20
SELECT parameter_name,parameter_value
FROM dba_sql_management_config;
-- check for parameter_name='AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK'
col task_name for a40
SELECT task_name,enabled
FROM dba_autotask_schedule_control
WHERE dbid = sys_context('userenv','con_dbid');
-- check for task_name = 'Auto SPM Task';
------------
-- to ENABLE
------------
BEGIN
DBMS_SPM.CONFIGURE('AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK','ON');
END;
/
-- For non-autonomous systems only, in the relevant PDB
-- execute the following as SYS to ensure the correct plan source
-- and ACCEPT_PLANS has its default value, TRUE,
BEGIN
DBMS_SPM.SET_EVOLVE_TASK_PARAMETER(
task_name => 'SYS_AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK',
parameter => 'ALTERNATE_PLAN_SOURCE',
value => 'SQL_TUNING_SET');
END;
/
BEGIN
DBMS_SPM.SET_EVOLVE_TASK_PARAMETER(
task_name => 'SYS_AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK' ,
parameter => 'ACCEPT_PLANS',
value => 'TRUE');
END;
/
-------------
-- to DISABLE
-------------
BEGIN
DBMS_SPM.CONFIGURE('AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK','OFF');
END;
/
-- For non-autonomous systems only,
-- execute the following as SYS if you want to return
-- parameters to 'manual' SPM values - for example
BEGIN
DBMS_SPM.SET_EVOLVE_TASK_PARAMETER(
task_name => 'SYS_AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK' ,
parameter => 'ALTERNATE_PLAN_BASELINE',
value => 'EXISTING');
END;
/
BEGIN
DBMS_SPM.SET_EVOLVE_TASK_PARAMETER(
task_name => 'SYS_AUTO_SPM_EVOLVE_TASK',
parameter => 'ALTERNATE_PLAN_SOURCE',
value => 'AUTO');
END;
/

22
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# based on: https://www.unixmen.com/install-btrfs-tools-on-ubuntu-linux-to-manage-btrfs-operations/
dnf install -Y git automake asciidoc.noarch xmlto.x86_64
dnf --enablerepo=powertools install python3-sphinx
dnf install -Y e2fsprogs-devel.x86_64 e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 e2fsprogs.x86_64 libblkid-devel.x86_64
dnf install -y libzstd.x86_64 libzstd-devel.x86_64
dnf install -y systemd-devel.x86_64
dnf install -y python39.x86_64 python36-devel.x86_64
dnf install -y lzo.x86_64 lzo-devel.x86_64
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/btrfs-progs.git
cd btrfs-progs/
automake
./configure
make
# if falure on Making documentation, add master_doc = 'index' to Documentation/conf.py
make install
# test
btrfs version
lsblk

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-- https://easyteam.fr/limpact-du-facteur-dordonnancement-sur-les-performances-clustering-factor/
create pluggable database NIHILUS admin user NIHILUS$OWNER identified by secret;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS open;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS save state;
alter session set container=NIHILUS;
create tablespace USERS datafile size 32M autoextend ON next 32M;
alter database default tablespace USERS;
create user adm identified by "secret";
grant sysdba to adm;
create user usr identified by "secret";
grant CONNECT,RESOURCE to usr;
grant alter session to usr;
alter user usr quota unlimited on USERS;
alias adm_NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus adm/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS as sysdba'
alias usr_NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus usr/"secret"@ba
create table USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS (
LIST_ID number not null,
DISPLAY_PATTERN_ID varchar(1000) not null
);
begin
for i in 1..100 loop
insert into USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS select i, lpad('x',1000,'x') from dba_objects where rownum < 35 order by 1;
end loop;
end;
/
commit;
create index USR.LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS_IDX on USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS(LIST_ID);
create table USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_RAND as
select * from USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS order by DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM;
create index USR.LIST_DISPLAY_RAND_IDX on USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_RAND(LIST_ID);
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('USR','TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS', method_opt=>'for all columns size AUTO');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('USR','TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_RAND', method_opt=>'for all columns size AUTO');
SQL> @tab USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS
Show tables matching condition "%USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS%" (if schema is not specified then current user's tables only are shown)...
OWNER TABLE_NAME TYPE NUM_ROWS BLOCKS EMPTY AVGSPC ROWLEN TAB_LAST_ANALYZED DEGREE COMPRESS
-------------------- ------------------------------ ---- ------------ ------------- --------- ------ ------ ------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------
USR TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS TAB 3400 496 0 0 1004 2023-06-25 15:41:27 1 DISABLED
1 row selected.
SQL> @ind USR.LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS_IDX
Display indexes where table or index name matches %USR.LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS_IDX%...
TABLE_OWNER TABLE_NAME INDEX_NAME POS# COLUMN_NAME DSC
-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---- ------------------------------ ----
USR TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS_IDX 1 LIST_ID
INDEX_OWNER TABLE_NAME INDEX_NAME IDXTYPE UNIQ STATUS PART TEMP H LFBLKS NDK NUM_ROWS CLUF LAST_ANALYZED DEGREE VISIBILIT
-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---- -------- ---- ---- -- ---------- ------------- ---------- ---------- ------------------- ------ ---------
USR TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS_IDX NORMAL NO VALID NO N 2 7 100 3400 551 2023-06-25 15:41:27 1 VISIBLE
-- each LIST_ID is stored in how many distinct blocks?
alter session set current_schema=USR;
select
norm.list_id, norm.cnt normanized_blocks , random.cnt randomanized_blocks
from
(select list_id, count(distinct(dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid))) cnt
from TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS
group by list_id)norm
,
( select list_id, count(distinct(dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid))) cnt
from TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_RAND
group by list_id) random
where norm.list_id = random.list_id
order by list_id;
set lines 256 pages 999
var LID NUMBER;
execute :LID:=20;
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
* from USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS where LIST_ID=:LID;
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 7 (100)| 34 |00:00:00.01 | 14 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED| TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS | 1 | 34 | 34136 | 7 (0)| 34 |00:00:00.01 | 14 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | LIST_DISPLAY_PATTERNS_IDX | 1 | 34 | | 1 (0)| 34 |00:00:00.01 | 5 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
* from USR.TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_RAND where LIST_ID=:LID;
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 35 (100)| 34 |00:00:00.01 | 39 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED| TABLE_LIST_DISPLAY_RAND | 1 | 34 | 34136 | 35 (0)| 34 |00:00:00.01 | 39 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | LIST_DISPLAY_RAND_IDX | 1 | 34 | | 1 (0)| 34 |00:00:00.01 | 5 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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-- https://github.com/oracle/adb-free/pkgs/container/adb-free
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ithor/app_02.img bs=1G count=8
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/ithor/app_03.img bs=1G count=8
virsh domblklist ithor --details
virsh attach-disk ithor /vm/ssd0/ithor/app_03.img vde --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk ithor /vm/ssd0/ithor/app_02.img vdf --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
lsblk
pvs
pvcreate /dev/vde1
pvcreate /dev/vdf1
vgs
vgextend vgapp /dev/vde1
vgextend vgapp /dev/vdf1
lvs
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vgapp/app
xfs_growfs /app
df -hT
# disable selinux
/etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
# install podman
dnf install podman.x86_64
# change storage path for pods
/etc/containers/storage.conf
# create a volume to user later for DATAPUMP / persistent storage across containers
podman volume create adb_container_volume
# build pod
podman run -d \
-p 1521:1522 \
-p 1522:1522 \
-p 8443:8443 \
-p 27017:27017 \
-e DATABASE_NAME=ITHOR \
-e WORKLOAD_TYPE=ATP \
-e WALLET_PASSWORD=Remotecontrol1 \
-e ADMIN_PASSWORD=Remotecontrol1 \
--cap-add SYS_ADMIN \
--device /dev/fuse \
--name adb-free \
--volume adb_container_volume:/u01/data \
ghcr.io/oracle/adb-free:latest-23ai
# list pods and logs
podman ps -a
podman logs -f --names adb-free
# generate systemd unit to manage pod startup
podman generate systemd --restart-policy=always -t 1 adb-free > /etc/systemd/system/adb-free.service
systemctl list-unit-files | grep adb
systemctl enable adb-free.service
systemctl stop adb-free.service
systemctl start adb-free.service
# extract certificates from pod
mkdir /app/adb-free
podman cp adb-free:/u01/app/oracle/wallets/tls_wallet /app/adb-free/
# setup SQL*Plus connections from a linux machine
# client 23 required
# from umbara
scp -rp ithor:/app/adb-free/tls_wallet adb-free_tls_wallet
chown -R oracle:oinstall adb-free_tls_wallet
su - oracle
export TNS_ADMIN=/app/oracle/adb-free_tls_wallet
sed -i 's/localhost/ithor.swgalaxy/g' $TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora
sqcl admin/Remotecontrol1@ithor_low_tls
sqcl admin/Remotecontrol1@ithor_low
# create another ADMIN user
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-- USER SQL
CREATE USER LIVESQL IDENTIFIED BY Remotecontrol1;
-- ADD ROLES
GRANT CONNECT TO LIVESQL;
GRANT CONSOLE_DEVELOPER TO LIVESQL;
GRANT GRAPH_DEVELOPER TO LIVESQL;
GRANT RESOURCE TO LIVESQL;
ALTER USER LIVESQL DEFAULT ROLE CONSOLE_DEVELOPER,GRAPH_DEVELOPER;
-- REST ENABLE
BEGIN
ORDS_ADMIN.ENABLE_SCHEMA(
p_enabled => TRUE,
p_schema => 'LIVESQL',
p_url_mapping_type => 'BASE_PATH',
p_url_mapping_pattern => 'livesql',
p_auto_rest_auth=> TRUE
);
-- ENABLE DATA SHARING
C##ADP$SERVICE.DBMS_SHARE.ENABLE_SCHEMA(
SCHEMA_NAME => 'LIVESQL',
ENABLED => TRUE
);
commit;
END;
/
-- ENABLE GRAPH
ALTER USER LIVESQL GRANT CONNECT THROUGH GRAPH$PROXY_USER;
-- QUOTA
ALTER USER LIVESQL QUOTA UNLIMITED ON DATA;
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-- extra
GRANT PDB_DBA TO LIVESQL;

105
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drop table SUPPLIER purge;
create table SUPPLIER(
id INTEGER generated always as identity
,name varchar2(30) not null
,primary key(id)
)
;
insert /*+ APPEND */ into SUPPLIER(name)
select
dbms_random.string('x',30)
from
xmltable('1 to 100')
;
commit;
drop table PRODUCT purge;
create table PRODUCT(
id integer generated always as identity
,supplier_id integer
,product_name varchar2(30)
,price NUMBER
,primary key(id)
,constraint fk_prod_suppl foreign key(supplier_id) references SUPPLIER(id) on delete cascade
)
;
alter table PRODUCT drop constraint fk_prod_suppl;
alter table PRODUCT add constraint fk_prod_suppl foreign key(supplier_id) references SUPPLIER(id) on delete cascade;
insert /*+ APPEND */ into PRODUCT(supplier_id,product_name,price)
select
trunc(dbms_random.value(1,90))
,dbms_random.string('x',30)
,dbms_random.value(1,10000)
from
xmltable('1 to 10000000')
;
commit;
-- grant execute on dbms_job to POC;
-- grant create job to POC;
create or replace procedure delete_supplier(suppl_id integer) as
begin
DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.set_module(module_name => 'delete_supplier', action_name => 'Delete supplier');
delete from SUPPLIER where id=suppl_id;
commit;
end;
/
create or replace procedure parallel_delete_supplier as
v_jobno number:=0;
begin
for i in 51..100 loop
dbms_job.submit(v_jobno,'delete_supplier('||to_char(i)||');', sysdate);
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
-- create a huge locking situation ;)
exec parallel_delete_supplier;
SQL> @ash/ashtop inst_id,session_id,sql_id,event2,blocking_inst_id,blocking_session,blocking_session_status,P1text,p2,p3 "username='POC'" sysdate-1/24/20 sysdate
Total Distinct Distinct
Seconds AAS %This INST_ID SESSION_ID SQL_ID EVENT2 BLOCKING_INST_ID BLOCKING_SESSION BLOCKING_SE P1TEXT P2 P3 FIRST_SEEN LAST_SEEN Execs Seen Tstamps
--------- ------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------- ---------------- ----------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------------------- ------------------- ---------- --------
15 .1 2% | 1 19 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 20 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 21 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 23 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 25 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 27 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 29 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 30 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 31 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 33 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 35 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 38 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 158 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 159 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
15 .1 2% | 1 160 2b4hjy6xfb76s enq: TM - contention [mode=5] 1 450 VALID name|mode 42238 0 2024-02-11 19:09:40 2024-02-11 19:09:54 1 15
-- find enq mode from P1 column og gv$session
SQL> select distinct' [mode='||BITAND(p1, POWER(2,14)-1)||']' from gv$session where username='POC' and event like 'enq%';
'[MODE='||BITAND(P1,POWER(2,14)-1)||']'
------------------------------------------------
[mode=5]
-- index the FK on child table
create index IDX_PRODUCT_SUPPL_ID on PRODUCT(supplier_id);

11
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qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/utapau/hdd_01.img 200G
virt-install \
--graphics vnc,password=secret,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--name=utapau \
--vcpus=2 \
--memory=4096 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--cdrom=/vm/hdd0/_kit_/Win10_1809Oct_v2_French_x64.iso \
--disk=/vm/ssd0/utapau/hdd_01.img \
--os-variant=win10

13
divers/KVM_VM_create_linux.txt Normal file
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qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/topawa/hdd_01.img 200G
virt-install \
--graphics vnc,password=secret,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--name=topawa \
--vcpus=4 \
--memory=8192 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--cdrom=/vm/hdd0/_kit_/extix-23.4-64bit-deepin-23-refracta-3050mb-230403.iso \
--disk=/vm/ssd0/topawa/hdd_01.img \
--os-variant=ubuntu22.04

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-- Network setup
----------------
nmcli connection show --active
nmcli connection modify enp4s0 ipv4.address 192.168.0.4/24
nmcli connection modify enp4s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
nmcli connection modify enp4s0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.1
nmcli connection modify enp4s0 ipv4.dns 192.168.0.8
nmcli connection modify enp4s0 ipv4.dns-search swgalaxy
hostnamectl set-hostname naboo.swgalaxy
# SELINUX=disabled
/etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
-- KVM install
--------------
dnf install -y qemu-kvm libvirt virt-manager virt-install virtio-win.noarch
dnf install -y epel-release -y
dnf -y install bridge-utils virt-top libguestfs-tools bridge-utils virt-viewer
dnf -y install at wget bind-utils
systemctl start atd
systemctl enable atd
systemctl status atd
lsmod | grep kvm
systemctl start libvirtd
systemctl enable libvirtd
brctl show
nmcli connection show
# This section should be scripted and run from the server console or run under at-script as background command
#---->
export BR_NAME="br0"
export BR_INT="enp4s0"
export SUBNET_IP="192.168.0.4/24"
export GW="192.168.0.1"
export DNS1="192.168.0.8"
nmcli connection add type bridge autoconnect yes con-name ${BR_NAME} ifname ${BR_NAME}
nmcli connection modify ${BR_NAME} ipv4.addresses ${SUBNET_IP} ipv4.method manual
nmcli connection modify ${BR_NAME} ipv4.gateway ${GW}
nmcli connection modify ${BR_NAME} ipv4.dns ${DNS1}
nmcli connection delete ${BR_INT}
nmcli connection add type bridge-slave autoconnect yes con-name ${BR_INT} ifname ${BR_INT} master ${BR_NAME}
nmcli connection show
nmcli connection up br0
nmcli connection show br0
ip addr show
systemctl restart libvirtd
# <-----
# Install other stuff: Cockpit, bind-utils, cifs-utils etc.
dnf install cockpit cockpit-machines.noarch -y
systemctl start cockpit
systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket
# reboot the system
dnf install -y lsof bind-utils cifs-utils.x86_64
# setup CIFS mounts
groupadd smbuser --gid 1502
useradd smbuser --uid 1502 -g smbuser -G smbuser
-- create credentials file for automount: /root/.smbcred
username=vplesnila
password=*****
mkdir -p /mnt/yavin4
mkdir -p /mnt/unprotected
-- add in /etc/fstab
//192.168.0.9/share /mnt/yavin4 cifs vers=3.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,credentials=/root/.smbcred,mfsymlinks,iocharset=utf8 0 0
//192.168.0.9/unprotected /mnt/unprotected cifs vers=3.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,credentials=/root/.smbcred,mfsymlinks,iocharset=utf8 0 0
systemctl daemon-reload
mount -a

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virsh list --all --name | awk {'print "virsh dumpxml " $1 " > " $1".xml"'} | grep -v "virsh dumpxml > .xml"

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dd if=/dev/zero of=system_01.img bs=1G count=10
dd if=/dev/zero of=swap_01.img bs=1G count=4
# create new domain
virt-install \
--graphics vnc,password=secret,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--name=seedmachine \
--vcpus=4 \
--memory=8192 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--cdrom=/mnt/yavin4/kit/Linux/OracleLinux-R9-U4-x86_64-boot-uek.iso \
--disk /vm/ssd0/seedmachine/system_01.img \
--disk /vm/ssd0/seedmachine/swap_01.img \
--os-variant=ol9.3
dnf install -y lsof bind-utils cifs-utils.x86_64
dnf -y install at wget bind-utils tar.x86_64
systemctl start atd
systemctl enable atd
systemctl status atd
-- Network setup
----------------
nmcli connection show --active
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.address 192.168.0.66/24
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.1
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.dns 192.168.0.8
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.dns-search swgalaxy
nmcli connection modify enp2s0 ipv4.address 192.168.1.66/24
nmcli connection modify enp2s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
hostnamectl set-hostname seedmachine.swgalaxy
# SELINUX=disabled
/etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
dnf install oracle-epel-release-el9.x86_64 oracle-database-preinstall-19c.x86_64
dnf install -y rlwrap.x86_64
# setup CIFS mounts
groupadd smbuser --gid 1502
useradd smbuser --uid 1502 -g smbuser -G smbuser
-- create credentials file for automount: /root/.smbcred
username=vplesnila
password=*****
mkdir -p /mnt/yavin4
mkdir -p /mnt/unprotected
-- add in /etc/fstab
//192.168.0.9/share /mnt/yavin4 cifs vers=3.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,credentials=/root/.smbcred,mfsymlinks,iocharset=utf8 0 0
//192.168.0.9/unprotected /mnt/unprotected cifs vers=3.0,uid=smbuser,gid=smbuser,file_mode=0775,dir_mode=0775,credentials=/root/.smbcred,mfsymlinks,iocharset=utf8 0 0
systemctl daemon-reload
mount -a
# add oracle user in smbuser group
cat /etc/group | grep smbuser
smbuser:x:1502:smbuser,oracle
# add /app FS
dd if=/dev/zero of=app_01.img bs=1G count=40
dd if=/dev/zero of=data_01.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=data_02.img bs=1G count=20
dd if=/dev/zero of=reco_01.img bs=1G count=20
virsh domblklist seedmachine --details
virsh attach-disk seedmachine /vm/ssd0/seedmachine/app_01.img vdc --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk seedmachine /vm/ssd0/seedmachine/data_01.img vdd --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk seedmachine /vm/ssd0/seedmachine/data_02.img vde --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk seedmachine /vm/ssd0/seedmachine/reco_01.img vdf --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
fdisk /dev/vdc
fdisk /dev/vdd
fdisk /dev/vde
fdisk /dev/vdf
pvs
pvcreate /dev/vdc1
pvcreate /dev/vdd1
pvcreate /dev/vde1
pvcreate /dev/vdf1
vgs
vgcreate vgapp /dev/vdc1
vgcreate vgdata /dev/vdd1 /dev/vde1
vgcreate vgreco /dev/vdf1
lvs
lvcreate -n app -l 100%FREE vgapp
lvcreate -n data -l 100%FREE vgdata
lvcreate -n reco -l 100%FREE vgreco
mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vgapp-app
mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vgdata-data
mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vgreco-reco
mkdir -p /app /data /reco
# add in /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/vgapp-app /app xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgdata-data /data xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgreco-reco /reco xfs defaults 0 0
systemctl daemon-reload
mount -a
chown -R oracle:oinstall /app /data /reco

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AMD Ryzen - F7

9
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alter pluggable database PDB$SEED close immediate instances=ALL;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED open read write instances=ALL;
alter session set container=PDB$SEED;
alter session set "_ORACLE_SCRIPT"=true;
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp
alter session set "_ORACLE_SCRIPT"=false;
alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED close immediate instances=ALL;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED open read only instances=ALL;

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rman target /
run
{
set nocfau;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tech/oracle/work/dataguard_ADNA/backup/ADNAPRD/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch02 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tech/oracle/work/dataguard_ADNA/backup/ADNAPRD/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch03 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tech/oracle/work/dataguard_ADNA/backup/ADNAPRD/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch04 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tech/oracle/work/dataguard_ADNA/backup/ADNAPRD/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database section size 2G include current controlfile plus archivelog delete input;
release channel ch01;
release channel ch02;
release channel ch03;
release channel ch04;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tech/oracle/work/dataguard_ADNA/backup/ADNAPRD/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.controlfile';
backup current controlfile;
release channel ch01;
}
sqlplus 'sys/"Secret00!"'@wayland.swgalaxy:1555/ADNAPRD_DGMGRL as sysdba
sqlplus 'sys/"Secret00!"'@togoria.swgalaxy:1555/ADNADRP_DGMGRL as sysdba
configure archivelog deletion policy to applied on all standby;
rman target='sys/"Secret00!"'@wayland.swgalaxy:1555/ADNAPRD_DGMGRL auxiliary='sys/"Secret00!"'@togoria.swgalaxy:1555/ADNADRP_DGMGRL
run
{
allocate channel pri01 device type disk;
allocate channel pri02 device type disk;
allocate channel pri03 device type disk;
allocate channel pri04 device type disk;
allocate channel pri05 device type disk;
allocate channel pri06 device type disk;
allocate channel pri07 device type disk;
allocate channel pri08 device type disk;
allocate channel pri09 device type disk;
allocate channel pri10 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux01 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux02 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux03 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux04 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux05 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux06 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux07 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux08 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux09 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux10 device type disk;
duplicate database 'ADNA' for standby
from active database using compressed backupset section size 512M;
}
alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/app/oracle/base/admin/ADNAPRD/dgmgrl/dr1ADNAPRD.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/app/oracle/base/admin/ADNAPRD/dgmgrl/dr2ADNAPRD.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_start=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/app/oracle/base/admin/ADNADRP/dgmgrl/dr1ADNADRP.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/app/oracle/base/admin/ADNADRP/dgmgrl/dr2ADNADRP.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_start=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
rlwrap dgmgrl 'sys/"Secret00!"'@wayland.swgalaxy:1555/ADNAPRD_DGMGRL
create configuration ADNA as
primary database is ADNAPRD
connect identifier is 'wayland.swgalaxy:1555/ADNAPRD_DGMGRL';
add database ADNADRP
as connect identifier is 'togoria.swgalaxy:1555/ADNADRP_DGMGRL'
maintained as physical;
enable configuration;
edit database 'adnaprd' set property ArchiveLagTarget=0;
edit database 'adnaprd' set property LogArchiveMaxProcesses=2;
edit database 'adnaprd' set property LogArchiveMinSucceedDest=1;
edit database 'adnaprd' set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
edit database 'adnadrp' set property ArchiveLagTarget=0;
edit database 'adnadrp' set property LogArchiveMaxProcesses=2;
edit database 'adnadrp' set property LogArchiveMinSucceedDest=1;
edit database 'adnadrp' set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
edit instance 'ADNAPRD' set property 'StaticConnectIdentifier'='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=wayland.swgalaxy)(PORT=1555))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ADNAPRD_DGMGRL)(INSTANCE_NAME=ADNAPRD)(SERVER=DEDICATED)))';
edit instance 'ADNADRP' set property 'StaticConnectIdentifier'='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=togoria.swgalaxy)(PORT=1555))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ADNADRP_DGMGRL)(INSTANCE_NAME=ADNADRP)(SERVER=DEDICATED)))';
show configuration
validate database 'adnadrp'
validate database 'adnaprd'
create table heartbeat (ts TIMESTAMP);
insert into heartbeat values (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
commit;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_heartbeat AS
BEGIN
UPDATE heartbeat
SET ts = SYSTIMESTAMP;
COMMIT;
END;
/
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB (
job_name => 'HEARTBEAT_JOB',
job_type => 'STORED_PROCEDURE',
job_action => 'UPDATE_HEARTBEAT',
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
repeat_interval => 'FREQ=SECONDLY; INTERVAL=1',
enabled => FALSE
);
END;
/
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.ENABLE('HEARTBEAT_JOB');
END;
/
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.DISABLE('HEARTBEAT_JOB');
END;
/
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.DROP_JOB('HEARTBEAT_JOB');
END;
/
drop PROCEDURE update_heartbeat;
drop table heartbeat purge;
run{
set until time "TIMESTAMP'2026-02-21 15:50:00'";
alter pluggable database RYLS close immediate instances=all;
restore pluggable database RYLS;
recover pluggable database RYLS;
alter pluggable database RYLS open resetlogs instances=all;
}

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# Classement croisé Purines vs Oméga‑3
| Aliment | Purines (mg/100 g) | Catégorie purines | Oméga‑3 (g/100 g) | Catégorie oméga‑3 | Verdict croisé |
|--------------------------|--------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|----------------|
| Poulet (blanc/cuisse) | 150–175 | Modéré | ~0.05 | Pauvre | ⚠️ Peu d’intérêt nutritionnel, purines modérées mais quasi pas d’oméga‑3 |
| Bœuf (muscle) | ~120 | Modéré | ~0.04 | Pauvre | ⚠️ Idem, faible en oméga‑3 |
| Foie de bœuf | ~300 | Très élevé | ~0.10 | Pauvre | 🚫 À éviter (purines très élevées, peu d’oméga‑3) |
| Sardine | ~210 | Élevé | ~0.80–0.90 | Moyen | ⚖️ Bon apport en oméga‑3 mais purines élevées |
| Anchois | ~300 | Très élevé | ~0.90 | Moyen | 🚫 Risque goutte, malgré oméga‑3 |
| Saumon | ~170 | Modéré | ~2.3–2.6 | Riche | ✅ Excellent compromis (oméga‑3 riches, purines modérées) |
| Maquereau | ~145 | Modéré | ~1.4–1.8 | Riche | ✅ Très bon compromis |
| Hareng | ~170 | Modéré | ~1.6–2.2 | Riche | ✅ Très bon compromis |
| Truite | ~150 | Modéré | ~1.2–1.3 | Riche | ✅ Bon compromis |
| Thon (rouge) | ~150 | Modéré | ~1.6–1.7 | Riche | ✅ Bon compromis |
| Crevettes | ~150 | Modéré | ~0.30 | Moyen | ⚖️ Correct mais pas exceptionnel |
| Crabe / Tourteau | ~150 | Modéré | ~0.45 | Moyen | ⚖️ Correct |
| Homard / Langouste | ~135 | Modéré | ~0.52 | Moyen | ⚖️ Correct |
| Moules | ~150 | Modéré | ~0.59–0.85 | Moyen | ⚖️ Correct |
| Couteaux de mer | ~150 | Modéré | ~0.6 | Moyen | ⚖️ Correct |
| Coquilles Saint‑Jacques | ~150–180 | Modéré | ~0.5–0.6 | Moyen | ⚖️ Correct |

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# netwok setup on each node
nmcli connection show --active
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.address 192.168.0.95/24
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.1
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.dns 192.168.0.8
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.dns-search swgalaxy
nmcli connection modify enp2s0 ipv4.address 192.168.1.95/24
nmcli connection modify enp2s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
nmcli connection modify enp10s0 ipv4.address 192.168.2.95/24
nmcli connection modify enp10s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
hostnamectl set-hostname rodia-db03.swgalaxy
# attach disks in each node
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db03 /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk_array/asm_01.img vdd --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db03 /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk_array/asm_02.img vde --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db03 /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk_array/asm_03.img vdf --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db03 /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk_array/asm_04.img vdg --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk ylesia-db03 /vm/ssd0/ylesia-rac/disk_array/asm_05.img vdh --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
- unzip distrib in grid home
- unzip last GIRU in a temporary location
- apply GIRU in silent mode over the base GI distrib
# on each node
##############
mkdir -p /app/oracle
chmod 775 /app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /app/oracle
cd /app/oracle/
mkdir -p admin base grid oraInventory rdbms staging_area
chmod 775 admin base grid oraInventory rdbms staging_area
chown -R oracle:oinstall admin rdbms staging_area
chown -R grid:oinstall grid oraInventory base
su - grid
mkdir -p /app/oracle/grid/product/19
# on first node
###############
# unzip distrib
cd /app/oracle/grid/product/19
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/Grid_Infra/19/distrib/LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
# update Opatch
rm -rf OPatch
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/opatch/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd /app/oracle/staging_area/
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/Grid_Infra/19/GIRU/GIRU_19.27/p37641958_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
# apply the RU on this ORACLE_HOME
# on first node as grid
export ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle/base
export ORACLE_HOME=/app/oracle/grid/product/19
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/36758186
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37642901
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37643161
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37654975
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37762426
# to satisfy ALL pre-requisits, to do on ALL nodes
dnf install -y $ORACLE_HOME/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
# in /etc/security/limits.conf
# Oracle
oracle soft stack 10240
grid soft stack 10240
grid soft memlock 3145728
grid hard memlock 3145728
# in /etc/sysctl.conf
# other oracle settings
kernel.panic = 1
# temporary SWAP
dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/swap_20g.img bs=1G count=20
mkswap /mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/swap_20g.img
swapon /mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/swap_20g.img
free -h
##############
# pre-check as grid
export ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle/base
export ORACLE_HOME=/app/oracle/grid/product/19
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
$ORACLE_HOME/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n ylesia-db01,ylesia-db02,ylesia-db03
# ASM disks
lsblk --list | egrep "vdd|vde|vdf|vdg|vdh"
ls -ltr /dev/vd[d-h]
fdisk ..... all disk
lsblk --list | egrep "vdd|vde|vdf|vdg|vdh"
ls -ltr /dev/vd[d-h]1
# install asmlib on all nodes
dnf install -y oracleasm-support-3.1.0-10.el9.x86_64.rpm
dnf install -y oracleasmlib-3.1.0-6.el9.x86_64.rpm
systemctl start oracleasm.service
oracleasm configure -i
(answers: grid, asmdba and all default)
echo "kernel.io_uring_disabled = 0" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
# create ASM disks on first node
oracleasm createdisk DATA_01 /dev/vdd1
oracleasm createdisk DATA_02 /dev/vde1
oracleasm createdisk DATA_03 /dev/vdf1
oracleasm createdisk RECO_01 /dev/vdg1
oracleasm createdisk RECO_02 /dev/vdh1
oracleasm scandisks
oracleasm listdisks
# on other nodes, only scan and list ASL disks
# on first node, grid setup
$ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh
# RDBMS install
###############
# unzip distrib
mkdir -p /app/oracle/rdbms/product/19
cd /app/oracle/rdbms/product/19
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/Oracle_Database_19/distrib/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
# update Opatch
rm -rf OPatch
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/opatch/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
# apply the RU on this ORACLE_HOME
# on first node as oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle/base
export ORACLE_HOME=/app/oracle/rdbms/product/19
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/36758186
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37642901
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37643161
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37654975
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -applyRU /app/oracle/staging_area/37641958/37762426
# install from a X session
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller
# on all nodes
chmod -R 775 /app/oracle/base/admin /app/oracle/base/diag
cat <<EOF! >> /etc/oratab
SET19:/app/oracle/rdbms/product/19:N
EOF!
# using DBCA to create/delete database
export ORACLE_DB_NAME=AERON
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=AERONPRD
export PDB_NAME=REEK
export NODE1=ylesia-db01
export NODE2=ylesia-db02
export NODE3=ylesia-db03
export SYS_PASSWORD="Secret00!"
export PDB_PASSWORD="Secret00!"
# create MULTITENANT database
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-sid ${ORACLE_UNQNAME} \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_UNQNAME} -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD} \
-systemPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD} \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName ${PDB_NAME} \
-pdbAdminPassword ${PDB_PASSWORD} \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-totalMemory 3072 \
-redoLogFileSize 128 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs \
-nodelist ${NODE1},${NODE2},${NODE3} \
-storageType ASM \
-diskGroupName +DATA \
-recoveryGroupName +RECO \
-useOMF true \
-initparams db_name=${ORACLE_DB_NAME},db_unique_name=${ORACLE_UNQNAME},sga_max_size=3G,sga_target=3G,pga_aggregate_target=512M \
-enableArchive true \
-recoveryAreaDestination +RECO \
-recoveryAreaSize 30720 \
-asmsnmpPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD}
# create NON-CDB database
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-sid ${ORACLE_UNQNAME} \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_UNQNAME} -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD} \
-systemPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD} \
-createAsContainerDatabase false \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-totalMemory 3072 \
-redoLogFileSize 128 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs \
-nodelist ${NODE1},${NODE2},${NODE3} \
-storageType ASM \
-diskGroupName +DATA \
-recoveryGroupName +RECO \
-useOMF true \
-initparams db_name=${ORACLE_DB_NAME},db_unique_name=${ORACLE_UNQNAME},sga_max_size=3G,sga_target=3G,pga_aggregate_target=512M \
-enableArchive true \
-recoveryAreaDestination +RECO \
-recoveryAreaSize 30720 \
-asmsnmpPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD}
# delete database
dbca -silent -deleteDatabase \
-sourceDB AERONPRD \
-sysPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD} \
-forceArchiveLogDeletion

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#############
# VM creation
#############
mkdir /vm/ssd0/aquaris
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/aquaris/root_01.img 64G
virt-install \
--graphics vnc,password=secret,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--name=aquaris \
--vcpus=4 \
--memory=4096 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--cdrom=/vm/hdd0/_kit_/openSUSE-Leap-15.5-NET-x86_64-Build491.1-Media.iso \
--disk /vm/ssd0/aquaris/root_01.img \
--os-variant=opensuse15.4
####################
# SuSE configuration
####################
# network interfaces
/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth1
#DNS
/run/netconfig/resolv.conf
# set NETCONFIG_DNS_POLICY="auto" in /etc/sysconfig/network/config
# gateway
/etc/sysconfig/network/routes
# delete unwanted statis enteries in /etc/hosts
##############
# VM customize
##############
qemu-img create -f raw /vm/ssd0/aquaris/app_01.img 60G
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/aquaris/data_01.img bs=1G count=30
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/ssd0/aquaris/backup_01.img bs=1G count=20
virsh domblklist aquaris --details
virsh attach-disk aquaris /vm/ssd0/aquaris/app_01.img vdb --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk aquaris /vm/ssd0/aquaris/data_01.img vdc --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
virsh attach-disk aquaris /vm/ssd0/aquaris/backup_01.img vdd --driver qemu --subdriver raw --targetbus virtio --persistent
btrfs device scan
btrfs filesystem show
mkfs.btrfs /dev/vdb
mkfs.btrfs /dev/vdc
mkfs.btrfs /dev/vdd
# create mount points
mkdir /app /data /backup
# add in /etc/fstab
UUID=fe1756c7-a062-40ed-921a-9fb1c12d8d51 /app btrfs defaults 0 0
UUID=3b147a0d-ca13-46f5-aa75-72f5a2b9fd4c /data btrfs defaults 0 0
UUID=d769e88b-5ec4-4e0a-93cd-1f2a9deecc8b /backup btrfs defaults 0 0
# mount all
mount -a
btrfs subvolume create /backup/current
mkdir /backup/.snapshots
btrfs subvolume snapshot /backup/current /backup/.snapshots/01
btrfs subvolume snapshot /backup/current /backup/.snapshots/02
btrfs subvolume list /backup/current
btrfs subvolume show /backup/.snapshots/01
btrfs subvolume show /backup/.snapshots/02
tree -a /backup
btrfs subvolume delete /backup/.snapshots/01
btrfs subvolume delete /backup/.snapshots/02
btrfs subvolume delete /backup/current

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# https://wadhahdaouehi.tn/2023/05/oracle-database-server-client-certificate-tcps-oracle-19c/
_____ _ _
/ ____| (_) | |
| (___ ___ _ ____ _____ _ __ ___ _ __| | ___
\___ \ / _ \ '__\ \ / / _ \ '__| / __| |/ _` |/ _ \
____) | __/ | \ V / __/ | \__ \ | (_| | __/
|_____/ \___|_| \_/ \___|_| |___/_|\__,_|\___|
# Create a new auto-login wallet
export WALLET_DIRECTORY=/home/oracle/poc_tls/wallet
export WALLET_PASSWORD="VaeVictis00!"
orapki wallet create -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -auto_login_local
# Create a self-signed certificate and load it into the wallet
export CERT_VALIDITY_DAYS=3650
orapki wallet add -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -dn "CN=`hostname`" -keysize 2048 -self_signed -validity ${CERT_VALIDITY_DAYS}
# Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD}
Note: The self-signed certificate is both a user and trusted certificate
# Export the certificate to load it into the client wallet later
export CERT_EXPORT_PATH=/home/oracle/poc_tls/export
orapki wallet export -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -dn "CN= `hostname` " -cert ${CERT_EXPORT_PATH}/`hostname`-certificate.crt
_____ _ _ _ _ _
/ ____| (_) | | (_) | |
| | | |_ ___ _ __ | |_ ___ _ __| | ___
| | | | |/ _ \ '_ \| __| / __| |/ _` |/ _ \
| |____| | | __/ | | | |_ \__ \ | (_| | __/
\_____|_|_|\___|_| |_|\__| |___/_|\__,_|\___|
# Create a new auto-login wallet
export WALLET_DIRECTORY=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/wayland/wallet
export WALLET_PASSWORD="AdVictoriam00!"
orapki wallet create -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -auto_login_local
# Create a self-signed certificate and load it into the wallet
export CERT_VALIDITY_DAYS=3650
orapki wallet add -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -dn "CN=`hostname`" -keysize 2048 -self_signed -validity ${CERT_VALIDITY_DAYS}
# Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD}
Note: The self-signed certificate is both a user and trusted certificate
# Export the certificate to load it into the client wallet later
export CERT_EXPORT_PATH="/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/wayland/cert_expo"
orapki wallet export -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -dn "CN= `hostname` " -cert ${CERT_EXPORT_PATH}/`hostname`-certificate.crt
_____ _ _ __ _ _ _
/ ____| | | (_)/ _(_) | | | |
| | ___ _ __| |_ _| |_ _ ___ __ _| |_ ___ _____ _____| |__ __ _ _ __ __ _ ___
| | / _ \ '__| __| | _| |/ __/ _` | __/ _ \ / _ \ \/ / __| '_ \ / _` | '_ \ / _` |/ _ \
| |___| __/ | | |_| | | | | (_| (_| | || __/ | __/> < (__| | | | (_| | | | | (_| | __/
\_____\___|_| \__|_|_| |_|\___\__,_|\__\___| \___/_/\_\___|_| |_|\__,_|_| |_|\__, |\___|
__/ |
|___/
Note: Both Server/Client should trust each other
# Load the client certificate into the server wallet
export WALLET_DIRECTORY=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/bakura/wallet
export WALLET_PASSWORD="VaeVictis00!"
export CERT_EXPORT_FILE="/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/wayland/cert_expo/wayland.swgalaxy-certificate.crt"
orapki wallet add -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -trusted_cert -cert ${CERT_EXPORT_FILE}
# Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD}
# Load the server certificate into the client wallet
export WALLET_DIRECTORY=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/wayland/wallet
export WALLET_PASSWORD="AdVictoriam00!"
export CERT_EXPORT_FILE="/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/bakura/cert_expo/bakura.swgalaxy-certificate.crt"
orapki wallet add -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD} -trusted_cert -cert ${CERT_EXPORT_FILE}
# Check the contents of the wallet
orapki wallet display -wallet ${WALLET_DIRECTORY} -pwd ${WALLET_PASSWORD}
_ _ _ _
| | (_) | | | |
| | _ ___| |_ ___ _ __ ___ _ __ ___ ___| |_ _ _ _ __
| | | / __| __/ _ \ '_ \ / _ \ '__| / __|/ _ \ __| | | | '_ \
| |____| \__ \ || __/ | | | __/ | \__ \ __/ |_| |_| | |_) |
|______|_|___/\__\___|_| |_|\___|_| |___/\___|\__|\__,_| .__/
| |
|_|
Note: I didn't succeed the LISTENER setup using a custom TNS_ADMIN or using /etc/listener.ora file
rm -rf /etc/listener.ora
rm -rf /etc/tnsnames.ora
# I'm using a read-only ORACLE_HOME
cat $(orabasehome)/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/bakura/wallet)
)
)
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (TCPS,BEQ,NTP)
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = FALSE
cat $(orabasehome)/network/admin/listener.ora
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = FALSE
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/bakura/wallet)
)
)
LISTENER_DEMO =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bakura.swgalaxy)(PORT = 1600))
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = bakura.swgalaxy)(PORT = 1700))
)
)
# start specific listener
lsnrctl start LISTENER_DEMO
# register the database in the listener; note that TCPS adress was not required
alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bakura.swgalaxy)(PORT = 1600)) ) )' scope=both sid='*';
alter system register;
Note: I don't explicitly specified TCPS adress but TCPS connections will be OK
_____ _ _ _ _
/ ____| (_) | | | |
| | | |_ ___ _ __ | |_ ___ ___| |_ _ _ _ __
| | | | |/ _ \ '_ \| __| / __|/ _ \ __| | | | '_ \
| |____| | | __/ | | | |_ \__ \ __/ |_| |_| | |_) |
\_____|_|_|\___|_| |_|\__| |___/\___|\__|\__,_| .__/
| |
|_|
Note: On client side, custom TNS_ADMIN worked
export TNS_ADMIN=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/wayland/tns_admin
cd $TNS_ADMIN
cat sqlnet.ora
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/wayland/wallet)
)
)
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (TCPS,BEQ,NTP)
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = FALSE
cat tnsnames.ora
HUTTPRD_tcp =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bakura.swgalaxy)(PORT = 1600))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = HUTTPRD)
)
)
HUTTPRD_tcps =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = bakura.swgalaxy)(PORT = 1700))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = HUTTPRD)
)
)
# JABBA is a PDB inside HUTTPRD
JABBA_tcps =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = bakura.swgalaxy)(PORT = 1700))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = JABBA)
)
)
# check connections
connect c##globaldba/"secret"@HUTTPRD_tcp
connect c##globaldba/"secret"@HUTTPRD_tcps
connect c##globaldba/"secret"@JABBA_tcps
# check for connection protocol: tcp/tcps
select SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','NETWORK_PROTOCOL') from dual;

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connect user1/secret@//bakura.swgalaxy:1521/WOMBAT
create table tpl1 as select * from dba_extents;
create table tpl2 as (select * from tpl1 union all select * from tpl1);
create table tpl3 as (select * from tpl2 union all select * from tpl2);
select /* MYQ1 */
count(*)
from
tpl1
join tpl2 on tpl1.bytes=tpl2.bytes
join tpl3 on tpl1.segment_name=tpl3.segment_name
/
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Package PACKAGE1
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE OR REPLACE EDITIONABLE PACKAGE "USER1"."PACKAGE1" AS
PROCEDURE PROC1;
PROCEDURE PROC2;
PROCEDURE PROC3;
END PACKAGE1;
/
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Package Body PACKAGE1
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE OR REPLACE EDITIONABLE PACKAGE BODY "USER1"."PACKAGE1" AS
PROCEDURE proc1 AS
rr NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT /* MYQ2 */
COUNT(*)
INTO rr
FROM
tpl1
JOIN tpl2 ON tpl1.bytes = tpl2.bytes
JOIN tpl3 ON tpl1.segment_name = tpl3.segment_name;
END;
PROCEDURE proc2 AS
z NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT /* MYQ3 */
COUNT(*)
INTO z
FROM
tpl1
JOIN tpl2 ON tpl1.bytes = tpl2.bytes
JOIN tpl3 ON tpl1.segment_name = tpl3.segment_name;
END;
PROCEDURE proc3 AS
v NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT /* MYQ4 */
COUNT(*)
INTO v
FROM
tpl1
JOIN tpl2 ON tpl1.bytes = tpl2.bytes
JOIN tpl3 ON tpl1.segment_name = tpl3.segment_name;
END;
END package1;
/
SQL> @ash/ashtop sql_id,TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID,PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID,PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID "username='USER1'" sysdate-1/24 sysdate
Total Distinct Distinct
Seconds AAS %This SQL_ID TOP_LEVEL_SQL PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID FIRST_SEEN LAST_SEEN Execs Seen Tstamps
--------- ------- ------- ------------- ------------- --------------------- ------------------------- ------------------- ------------------- ---------- --------
105 .0 41% | a0dhc0nj62mk1 8ybf2rvtac57c 33008 3 2023-07-19 20:45:23 2023-07-19 20:47:07 1 105
104 .0 41% | a0dhc0nj62mk1 25ju18ztqn751 33008 1 2023-07-19 20:34:23 2023-07-19 20:36:06 1 104
42 .0 16% | a0dhc0nj62mk1 cum98j5xfkk62 33008 2 2023-07-19 20:44:37 2023-07-19 20:45:18 1 42

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certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/memo.dbaoracle.fr -d memo.dbaoracle.fr
certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/support.dbaoracle.fr -d support.dbaoracle.fr
certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/public.dbaoracle.fr -d public.dbaoracle.fr
certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/sabnzbd.dbaoracle.fr -d sabnzbd.dbaoracle.fr
certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/lidarr.dbaoracle.fr -d lidarr.dbaoracle.fr
certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/sonarr.dbaoracle.fr -d sonarr.dbaoracle.fr
certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path /app/persistent_docker/nginx/www/radarr.dbaoracle.fr -d radarr.dbaoracle.fr

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-- https://rene-ace.com/how-to-clone-an-oracle-home-in-19c/
-----------------------------------------------------------
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/
cat config.c | grep define
---------------------------->
#define SS_DBA_GRP "dba"
#define SS_OPER_GRP "oper"
#define SS_ASM_GRP ""
#define SS_BKP_GRP "backupdba"
#define SS_DGD_GRP "dgdba"
#define SS_KMT_GRP "kmdba"
#define SS_RAC_GRP "racdba"
<----------------------------
$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -createGoldImage -destinationLocation /app/oracle/staging_area
cd /app/oracle/staging_area
unzip -v db_home_2023-08-16_02-20-39PM.zip
mkdir -p /app/oracle/product/19.20
cd /app/oracle/product/19.20
unzip /app/oracle/staging_area/db_home_2023-08-16_02-20-39PM.zip
unset ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID ORACLE_RSID ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_HOME=/app/oracle/product/19.20
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=togoria
export ORA_INVENTORY=/app/oracle/oraInventory
export NODE1_HOSTNAME=togoria
# export NODE2_HOSTNAME=reneace02
export ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle/base
# current
# required only IS is OEL8
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL7.8
${ORACLE_HOME}/runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba
# original
${ORACLE_HOME}/runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=${NODE1_HOSTNAME},${NODE2_HOSTNAME} \
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false \
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=0 \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE \
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
# check ORACLE homes in inventory
cat /app/oracle/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml | grep "HOME NAME"

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rman target /
run
{
set nocfau;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch02 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch03 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch04 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database section size 2G include current controlfile plus archivelog delete input;
release channel ch01;
release channel ch02;
release channel ch03;
release channel ch04;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/%d_%U_%s_%t.controlfile';
backup current controlfile;
release channel ch01;
}
srvctl add database -d HUTTPRD -o /app/oracle/product/19 -p '+DATA/HUTTPRD/spfile.ora'
~~ create passwordfile on ASM; if the DB is not yet registered on CRS, you will get a WARNING
orapwd FILE='+DATA/HUTTPRD/orapwHUTTPRD' ENTRIES=10 DBUNIQUENAME='HUTTPRD' password="Secret00!"
srvctl modify database -d HUTTPRD -pwfile '+DATA/HUTTPRD/orapwHUTTPRD'
srvctl add instance -d HUTTPRD -i HUTTPRD1 -n ylesia-db01
srvctl add instance -d HUTTPRD -i HUTTPRD2 -n ylesia-db02
alias HUTTPRD='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-scan/HUTTPRD as sysdba'
alias HUTTDRP='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@rodia-scan/HUTTDRP as sysdba'
run
{
allocate auxiliary channel aux01 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux02 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux03 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux04 device type disk;
duplicate database 'HUTT' for standby backup location '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/';
}
srvctl add database -d HUTTDRP -o /app/oracle/product/21 -p '+DATA/HUTTDRP/spfile.ora'
srvctl modify database -d HUTTDRP -r physical_standby -n HUTT -s MOUNT
srvctl add instance -d HUTTDRP -i HUTTDRP1 -n rodia-db01
srvctl add instance -d HUTTDRP -i HUTTDRP2 -n rodia-db02
# copy passwordfile from primary to standby
ASMCMD [+DATA/HUTTPRD] > pwcopy +DATA/HUTTPRD/PASSWORD/pwdhuttprd.274.1137773649 /tmp
scp /tmp/pwdhuttprd.274.1137773649 rodia-db02:/tmp
ASMCMD [+DATA/HUTTDRP] > pwcopy /tmp/pwdhuttprd.274.1137773649 +DATA/HUTTDRP/orapwhuttdrp
srvctl modify database -db HUTTDRP -pwfile '+DATA/HUTTDRP/orapwhuttdrp'
alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='+DATA/HUTTPRD/dg_broker_01.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='+DATA/HUTTPRD/dg_broker_02.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_start=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='+DATA/HUTTDRP/dg_broker_01.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='+DATA/HUTTDRP/dg_broker_02.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_start=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
select GROUP#,THREAD#,MEMBERS,STATUS, BYTES/(1024*1024) Mb from v$log;
select GROUP#,THREAD#,STATUS, BYTES/(1024*1024) Mb from v$standby_log;
set lines 256
col MEMBER for a80
select * from v$logfile;
-- create standby redologs
select 'ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD '||thread#||' size '||bytes||';' from v$log;
select distinct 'ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD '||thread#||' size '||bytes||';' from v$log;
-- clear / drop standby redologs
select 'ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP '||GROUP#||';' from v$standby_log;
select 'ALTER DATABASE DROP STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP '||GROUP#||';' from v$standby_log;
dgmgrl
DGMGRL> connect sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-scan:1521/HUTTPRD
DGMGRL> create configuration HUTT as primary database is HUTTPRD connect identifier is ylesia-scan:1521/HUTTPRD;
DGMGRL> add database HUTTDRP as connect identifier is rodia-scan:1521/HUTTDRP;
DGMGRL> enable configuration;
DGMGRL> show configuration;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttdrp' set property ArchiveLagTarget=0;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttdrp' set property LogArchiveMaxProcesses=2;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttdrp' set property LogArchiveMinSucceedDest=1;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttdrp' set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttprd' set property ArchiveLagTarget=0;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttprd' set property LogArchiveMaxProcesses=2;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttprd' set property LogArchiveMinSucceedDest=1;
DGMGRL> edit database 'huttprd' set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> show configuration;
RMAN> configure archivelog deletion policy to applied on all standby;
# if incremental recover from source is required
RMAN> recover database from service 'ylesia-scan/HUTTPRD' using compressed backupset section size 2G;

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Primary: ylesia-scan:1521/HUTTPRD
Dataguard: rodia-scan:1521/HUTTDRP
Cascade 1: kamino:1521/HUTTCA1
Far sync: mandalore:1521/HUTTFAR
Remote dataguard: taris:1521/HUTTREM
alias HUTTPRD='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-scan:1521/HUTTPRD as sysdba'
alias HUTTPRD1='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-db01-vip:1521/HUTTPRD as sysdba'
alias HUTTPRD2='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-db02-vip:1521/HUTTPRD as sysdba'
alias HUTTDRP='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@rodia-scan:1521/HUTTDRP as sysdba'
alias HUTTCA1='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@kamino:1521/HUTTCA1 as sysdba'
alias HUTTFAR='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@mandalore:1521/HUTTFAR as sysdba'
alias HUTTREM='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@taris:1521/HUTTREM as sysdba'
run
{
allocate auxiliary channel aux01 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux02 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux03 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux04 device type disk;
duplicate database 'HUTT' for standby backup location '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/orabackup/_keep_/RAC/21/backupset/';
}
run
{
allocate channel pri01 device type disk;
allocate channel pri02 device type disk;
allocate channel pri03 device type disk;
allocate channel pri04 device type disk;
recover database from service 'ylesia-scan:1521/HUTTPRD' using compressed backupset section size 1G;
}
alter database create standby controlfile as '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/HUTTPRD1.stdby';
alter database create far sync instance controlfile as '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/HUTTPRD1.far';
dgmgrl
DGMGRL> connect sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-scan:1521/HUTTPRD
DGMGRL> add database HUTTCA1 as connect identifier is kamino:1521/HUTTCA1;
DGMGRL> add database HUTTREM as connect identifier is taris:1521/HUTTREM
DGMGRL> add far_sync HUTTFAR as connect identifier is mandalore:1521/HUTTFAR;
DGMGRL> show database 'huttprd' redoroutes;
DGMGRL> show database 'huttdrp' redoroutes;
# routes config ###########################################################################
# without FAR SYNC: main dataguard relies redo to cascade
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd set property redoroutes = '(local:huttdrp)(huttdrp:huttca1)';
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp set property redoroutes = '(huttprd:huttca1)(local:huttprd)';
# FAR SYNC built but not activated: main dataguard relies redo to cascade and remote dataguard
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd set property redoroutes = '(local:huttdrp)(huttdrp:huttca1)';
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp set property redoroutes = '(huttprd:huttca1,huttrem)(local:huttprd)';
# FAR SYNC activated: main dataguard relies redo to cascade and FAR SYNC relies redo to remote dataguard
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd set property redoroutes = '(local:huttdrp,huttfar SYNC)(huttdrp:huttca1 ASYNC)';
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp set property redoroutes = '(huttprd:huttca1 ASYNC)(local:huttprd,huttfar SYNC)';
DGMGRL> edit far_sync huttfar set property redoroutes = '(huttprd:huttrem ASYNC)(huttdrp:huttrem ASYNC)';
# #########################################################################################
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit database huttrem set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit far_sync huttfar set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
# unless setting configuration protection to MaxAvailability, cascade standby redelog was not used and broker show warnings
# after setting to MaxAvailability, switching back to MaxPerformance does not affected the sitiation, cascade standby still use
# standby redologs and broker status does not display warnings anymore
DGMGRL> edit configuration set protection mode as MaxAvailability;
DGMGRL> edit configuration set protection mode as MaxPerformance;
# not sure that help for
# ORA-16853: apply lag has exceeded specified threshold
# ORA-16855: transport lag has exceeded specified threshold
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd set property TransportDisconnectedThreshold=0;
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp set property TransportDisconnectedThreshold=0;
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 set property TransportDisconnectedThreshold=0;
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd set property ApplyLagThreshold=0;
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp set property ApplyLagThreshold=0;
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 set property ApplyLagThreshold=0;
# othrwise, to reset:
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd reset property ApplyLagThreshold;
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp reset property ApplyLagThreshold;
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 reset property ApplyLagThreshold;
DGMGRL> edit database huttprd reset property TransportDisconnectedThreshold;
DGMGRL> edit database huttdrp reset property TransportDisconnectedThreshold;
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 reset property TransportDisconnectedThreshold;
DGMGRL> enable database huttca1;
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 set state='APPLY-OFF';
DGMGRL> edit database huttca1 set state='ONLINE';
-- create standby redologs
select 'ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD '||thread#||' size '||bytes||';' from v$log union all
select distinct 'ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD '||thread#||' size '||bytes||';' from v$log;
-- clear / drop standby redologs
select 'ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP '||GROUP#||';' from v$standby_log;
select 'ALTER DATABASE DROP STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP '||GROUP#||';' from v$standby_log;
alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
set lines 200
-- on PRIMARY database
----------------------
select THREAD#, max(SEQUENCE#), max(FIRST_TIME),max(NEXT_TIME),max(COMPLETION_TIME) from gv$archived_log group by THREAD#;
-- on STANDBY database
----------------------
select THREAD#, max(SEQUENCE#), max(FIRST_TIME),max(NEXT_TIME),max(COMPLETION_TIME) from gv$archived_log
where APPLIED='YES' group by THREAD#;
set lines 155 pages 9999
col thread# for 9999990
col sequence# for 999999990
col grp for 990
col fnm for a50 head "File Name"
col "Fisrt SCN Number" for 999999999999990
break on thread
select
a.thread#
,a.sequence#
,a.group# grp
, a.bytes/1024/1024 Size_MB
,a.status
,a.archived
,a.first_change# "First SCN Number"
,to_char(FIRST_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') "First SCN Time"
,to_char(LAST_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') "Last SCN Time"
from
gv$standby_log a order by 1,2,3,4
/
# https://www.dba-scripts.com/articles/dataguard-standby/data-guard-far-sync/
edit database huttdrp set property redoroutes = '(huttprd:huttca1)(huttprd:huttrem)(local:huttprd)';
enable database huttrem;
create pluggable database JABBA admin user admin identified by "Secret00!";

11
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alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
set lines 200
-- on PRIMARY database
----------------------
select THREAD#, max(SEQUENCE#), max(FIRST_TIME),max(NEXT_TIME),max(COMPLETION_TIME) from gv$archived_log group by THREAD#;
-- on STANDBY database
----------------------
select THREAD#, max(SEQUENCE#), max(FIRST_TIME),max(NEXT_TIME),max(COMPLETION_TIME) from gv$archived_log
where APPLIED='YES' group by THREAD#;

17
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Create a sysctl config file:
```bash
tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-disable-ipv6.conf >/dev/null <<'EOF'
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
EOF
```
Apply the settings:
```bash
sudo sysctl --system
```
Verify:
```bash
cat /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/disable_ipv6
```

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curl -s https://app.dnsmanager.io/api/v1/user/domains \
-u "9422ac9d-2c62-4967-ae12-c1d15bbbe200:I9HV2Jqp1gFqMuic3zPRYW5guSQEvoyy" | jq
curl -s https://app.dnsmanager.io/api/v1/user/domain/151914/records \
-u "9422ac9d-2c62-4967-ae12-c1d15bbbe200:I9HV2Jqp1gFqMuic3zPRYW5guSQEvoyy" | jq
curl -s -X PUT -d content="1.1.1.1" https://app.dnsmanager.io/api/v1/user/domain/151914/record/16572810 \
-u "9422ac9d-2c62-4967-ae12-c1d15bbbe200:I9HV2Jqp1gFqMuic3zPRYW5guSQEvoyy" | jq

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# How to Import Your Own CA Root on RHEL 9
## Place your CA certificate in the correct directory
```bash
cp /mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/swgalaxy_root_ca.cert.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
```
## Update the system trust store
```bash
update-ca-trust extract
```
## Verify that your CA is now trusted
```bash
openssl verify -CAfile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/swgalaxy_root_ca.cert.pem
```

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# after destroing a SWAP LV for create a new one, old reference remains on /etc/default/grub
# in GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX
# delete GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX from /etc/default/grub
vi /etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
# restart the machine

5
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Commands to generate a new machine ID:
```bash
cat /dev/null > /etc/machine-id
systemd-machine-id-setup
```

27
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@ Technical Tip: Clean up /boot in CentOS, RHEL or Rocky Linux 8 and up
1) Check the current kernel being used:
sudo uname -sr
2) List all kernels installed on the system:
sudo rpm -q kernel
3) Delete old kernels and only leave <X> number of kernels:
sudo dnf remove --oldinstallonly --setopt installonly_limit=<X> kernel
Note: <X> can be set to 1, 2, 3 or other numeric values. Carefully check the running kernel in step 2 and any other kernels used before running this command. Alternatively, use the following command to delete kernels one by one:
rpm -e <kernel_name>
Kernel names can be obtained through step 2.

26
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# create swap partition on /dev/vdb
###################################
# create PV,VG and LV
lsblk
fdisk /dev/vdb1
pvs
pvcreate /dev/vdb1
vgcreate vgswap /dev/vdb1
vgs
lvs
lvcreate -n swap -l 100%FREE vgswap
ls /dev/mapper/vgswap-swap
# format LV as swap
mkswap /dev/mapper/vgswap-swap
# add swap entery in /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/vgswap-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
# activate swap
swapon -va
# check swap
cat /proc/swaps
free -h

6
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# remove old kernel from /boot
# https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiSOAR-Knowledge-Base/Technical-Tip-Clean-up-boot-in-CentOS-RHEL-or-Rocky-Linux-8-and/ta-p/257565
uname -sr
rpm -q kernel
dnf remove --oldinstallonly --setopt installonly_limit=2 kernel

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# Issue a Server Certificate
> Based on https://medium.com/@sureshchand.rhce/how-to-build-a-root-ca-intermediate-ca-with-openssl-eba1c73d1591
## Create server key
``` bash
openssl genpkey -algorithm RSA \
-out exegol.swgalaxy.key.pem \
-pkeyopt rsa_keygen_bits:2048
```
## Create CSR with SAN
Define a configuration file for the CSR `exegol.swgalaxy.cnf`:
```
[ req ]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
req_extensions = req_ext
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
C = FR
ST = Yvelines
L = Le Vesinet
O = swgalaxy
OU = swgalaxy servers
CN = exegol.swgalaxy
[ req_ext ]
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[ alt_names ]
DNS.1 = exegol.swgalaxy
DNS.2 = exegol
```
Create thr CSR:
``` bash
openssl req -new -key exegol.swgalaxy.key.pem \
-out exegol.swgalaxy.csr.pem \
-config exegol.swgalaxy.cnf
```
## Sign with Intermediate CA
Update `server_cert` extension on **intermediate CA** configuration file `/app/pki/intermediate/openssl.cnf`:
```
[ server_cert ]
# Basic identity
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
# Server certificates must NOT be CA certificates
basicConstraints = critical, CA:FALSE
# Key usage: what the certificate is allowed to do
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
# Extended key usage: define this as a TLS server certificate
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
# Allow SANs (modern TLS requires SANs)
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[ alt_names ]
DNS.1 = exegol.swgalaxy
DNS.2 = exegol
```
Sign the certificate with **intermediate CA**:
``` bash
openssl ca -config /app/pki/intermediate/openssl.cnf \
-extensions server_cert \
-days 3650 -notext -md sha256 \
-in exegol.swgalaxy.csr.pem \
-out /app/pki/intermediate/certs/exegol.swgalaxy.cert.pem
```
## Verify the chain
``` bash
openssl verify \
-CAfile /app/pki/intermediate/certs/ca-chain.cert.pem \
/app/pki/intermediate/certs/exegol.swgalaxy.cert.pem
```
## Verify the certificate
``` bash
openssl x509 -text -noout \
-in /app/pki/intermediate/certs/exegol.swgalaxy.cert.pem
```

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# CPU usage limit with resource manager in Oracle
# https://smarttechways.com/2021/05/12/cpu-usage-limit-with-resource-manager-in-oracle/

178
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select force_logging from v$database;
set lines 256 pages 999
col MEMBER for a60
select * from v$logfile;
-- create standby redologs
select 'ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD '||thread#||' size '||bytes||';' from v$log;
select distinct 'ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD '||thread#||' size '||bytes||';' from v$log;
-- clear / drop standby redologs
select 'ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP '||GROUP#||';' from v$standby_log;
select 'ALTER DATABASE DROP STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP '||GROUP#||';' from v$standby_log;
*.audit_file_dest='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDODRP/adump'
*.audit_trail='OS'
*.compatible='19.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/data/ANDODRP/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/data'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='/data'
*.db_name='ANDO'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/reco'
*.db_unique_name='ANDODRP'
*.diagnostic_dest='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDODRP'
*.enable_goldengate_replication=TRUE
*.enable_pluggable_database=FALSE
*.instance_name='ANDODRP'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=512M
*.processes=350
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_max_size=3G
*.sga_target=3G
*.undo_tablespace='TS_UNDO'
create spfile='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDODRP/spfile/spfileANDODRP.ora' from pfile='/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp/ANDO.txt';
/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp/bakura/listener.ora
STATIC =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = bakura)(PORT = 1600))
)
)
SID_LIST_STATIC =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ANDODRP_STATIC)
(SID_NAME = ANDODRP)
(ORACLE_HOME = /app/oracle/product/19)
)
)
export TNS_ADMIN=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp/bakura
lsnrctl start STATIC
lsnrctl status STATIC
/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp/togoria/listener.ora
STATIC =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = togoria)(PORT = 1600))
)
)
SID_LIST_STATIC =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ANDOPRD_STATIC)
(SID_NAME = ANDOPRD)
(ORACLE_HOME = /app/oracle/product/19)
)
)
export TNS_ADMIN=/mnt/yavin4/tmp/_oracle_/tmp/togoria
lsnrctl start STATIC
lsnrctl status STATIC
connect sys/"Secret00!"@//togoria:1600/ANDOPRD_STATIC as sysdba
connect sys/"Secret00!"@//bakura:1600/ANDODRP_STATIC as sysdba
rman target=sys/"Secret00!"@//togoria:1600/ANDOPRD_STATIC auxiliary=sys/"Secret00!"@//bakura:1600/ANDODRP_STATIC
run {
allocate channel pri1 device type DISK;
allocate channel pri2 device type DISK;
allocate channel pri3 device type DISK;
allocate channel pri4 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux1 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux2 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux3 device type DISK;
allocate auxiliary channel aux4 device type DISK;
duplicate target database
for standby
dorecover
from active database
nofilenamecheck
using compressed backupset section size 1G;
}
alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDOPRD/divers/dr1ANDOPRD.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDOPRD/divers/dr2ANDOPRD.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_start=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDODRP/divers/dr1ANDODRP.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/app/oracle/base/admin/ANDODRP/divers/dr2ANDODRP.dat' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set dg_broker_start=TRUE scope=both sid='*';
dgmgrl
connect sys/"Secret00!"@//togoria:1600/ANDOPRD_STATIC
create configuration ANDO as
primary database is ANDOPRD
connect identifier is "//togoria:1600/ANDOPRD_STATIC";
add database ANDODRP
as connect identifier is "//bakura:1600/ANDODRP_STATIC"
maintained as physical;
enable configuration;
show configuration;
edit database 'andoprd' set property ArchiveLagTarget=0;
edit database 'andoprd' set property LogArchiveMaxProcesses=2;
edit database 'andoprd' set property LogArchiveMinSucceedDest=1;
edit database 'andoprd' set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
edit database 'andodrp' set property ArchiveLagTarget=0;
edit database 'andodrp' set property LogArchiveMaxProcesses=2;
edit database 'andodrp' set property LogArchiveMinSucceedDest=1;
edit database 'andodrp' set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
edit database 'andoprd' set property 'StaticConnectIdentifier'='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=togoria)(PORT=1600))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ANDOPRD_STATIC)(SERVER=DEDICATED)))';
edit database 'andodrp' set property 'StaticConnectIdentifier'='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=bakura)(PORT=1600))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ANDODRP_STATIC)(SERVER=DEDICATED)))';
validate database 'andoprd'
validate database 'andodrp'
switchover to 'andodrp'
switchover to 'andoprd'
switchover to 'andodrp'
convert database 'andodrp' to snapshot standby;
convert database 'andodrp' to physical standby;

24
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| Poisson / Viande / Fruit de mer | Purines (mg/100 g) |
|----------------------------------|--------------------|
| Dinde hachée, crue | ~96 |
| Cabillaud | ~98 |
| Aiglefin | ~110 |
| Colin | ~110 |
| Merlu | ~110 |
| Flétan | ~120 |
| Noix de Saint-Jacques | ~135 |
| Dorade | ~140 |
| Bar | ~150 |
| Poulet haché, cru | ~158.7 |
| Saumon | ~170 |
| Truite | ~170 |
| Crevette | ~200 |
| Porc | ~230 |
| Bœuf | ~250 |
| Thon | ~290 |
| Sardine crue | 345 |
| Hareng en conserve | 378 |
| Foie de lotte cuit | 398.7 |
| Anchois crus | 411 |
| Crevette Sakura séchée | 748.9 |
| Maquereau japonais | 1 175 |

3
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# generating random string in bash
echo $RANDOM | md5sum | head -c 20; echo;
cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid | sed 's/[-]//g' | head -c 20; echo;

19
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# Rocky 9 network interface change IP address and host name example
###################################################################
nmcli connection show
nmcli connection show --active
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.address 192.168.0.52/24
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.1
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.dns 192.168.0.8
nmcli connection modify enp1s0 ipv4.dns-search swgalaxy
nmcli connection modify enp2s0 ipv4.address 192.168.1.52/24 ipv4.method manual ipv6.method ignore
# list host interfaces
hostname -I
# set host name
hostnamectl hostname ithor.swgalaxy

8
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## Screen configuration
Configuration file `~/.screenrc`:
termcapinfo xterm* ti@:te@
caption always
caption string "%{= bW}%3n %{y}%t %{-}%= %{m}%H%?%{-} -- %{c}%l%?%{-} -- %D %M %d %{y}%c"

34
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/*
vplesnlia: split input string in words
*/
DECLARE
TYPE v_arr IS
VARRAY(100) OF VARCHAR2(60);
var v_arr;
return_value VARCHAR2(60);
BEGIN
var := v_arr();
FOR c1 IN (
SELECT
regexp_substr(
'&&1', '[^ ]+', 1, level
) AS string_parts
FROM
dual
CONNECT BY
regexp_substr(
'&&1', '[^ ]+', 1, level
) IS NOT NULL
) LOOP
var.extend;
var(var.last) := c1.string_parts;
END LOOP;
FOR i IN var.first..var.last LOOP
return_value := var(i);
dbms_output.put_line(return_value);
END LOOP;
END;

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https://livesql.oracle.com/apex/livesql/file/tutorial_GNRYA4548AQNXC0S04DXVEV08.html
https://oracle-base.com/articles/misc/rank-dense-rank-first-last-analytic-functions#rank
drop table CARS purge;
create table CARS (
id INTEGER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY
,brand VARCHAR2(15) not null
,model VARCHAR2(10) not null
,year NUMBER(4) not null
,color VARCHAR2(10) not null
,category VARCHAR2(12) not null
,price NUMBER not null
,power NUMBER(4) not null
,fuel VARCHAR2(8) not null
)
;
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Audi','A4','2001','gray','city','5400','150','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Audi','A6','2012','gray','limousine','12000','204','DIESEL');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('BMW','Serie 4','2020','white','sport','16000','240','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('BMW','X6','2018','blue','SUV','15000','280','DIESEL');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Volkswagen','Polo','2014','gray','city','4800','90','DIESEL');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Renault','Arkana','2023','green','SUV','35000','220','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Porche','Cayenne','2021','black','SUV','41000','280','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Tesla','Model 3','2023','black','city','30500','250','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Tesla','Model 3','2023','white','city','30500','250','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Tesla','Model 3','2022','black','city','24000','250','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Audi','A4','2022','red','city','26000','200','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Audi','Q5','2021','gray','SUV','38000','260','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('BMW','Serie 3','2022','white','city','46000','240','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('BMW','Serie 3','2023','white','city','44000','240','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('BMW','Serie 3','2021','white','city','42000','240','ELECTRIC');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Renault','Clio','2019','black','city','8900','110','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Renault','Clio','2020','black','city','9600','110','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Renault','Twingo','2019','red','city','7800','90','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Renault','Twingo','2022','green','city','9200','90','SP');
Insert into POC.CARS (BRAND,MODEL,YEAR,COLOR,CATEGORY,PRICE,POWER,FUEL) values ('Porche','911','2022','gray','sport','61000','310','SP');
commit;
-- display cars and total cars count
select
c.*
,count(*) over() as Total_count
from
CARS c
;
-- display cars and the number of cars by brand
select
c.*
,count(*) over(partition by (brand)) as Brand_count
from
CARS c
;
-- number of cars and sum of prices grouped by color
select color, count(*), sum(price)
from CARS
group by color;
-- integrating last group by query as analytic
-- adding that "inline" for each line
select
c.*
,count(*) over(partition by (color)) as count_by_color
,sum(price) over(partition by (color)) as SUM_price_by_color
from
CARS c
;
-- average price by category
select CATEGORY, avg(price)
from CARS
group by CATEGORY;
-- for each car, the percentage of price/median price of it's category
select
c.*
,100*c.price/avg(c.price) over (partition by (category)) Price_by_avg_category_PERCENT
from
CARS c
;
select CATEGORY, average(price)
from CARS
group by CATEGORY;
-- order by in alalytic: runtime from FIRST key until CURRENT key
select b.*,
count(*) over (
order by brick_id
) running_total,
sum ( weight ) over (
order by brick_id
) running_weight
from bricks b;
BRICK_ID COLOUR SHAPE WEIGHT RUNNING_TOTAL RUNNING_WEIGHT
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- --------------
1 blue cube 1 1 1
2 blue pyramid 2 2 3
3 red cube 1 3 4
4 red cube 2 4 6
5 red pyramid 3 5 9
6 green pyramid 1 6 10
6 rows selected.
select
c.*
,sum(c.price) over (order by c.id)
from
cars c;
ID BRAND MODEL YEAR COLOR CATEGORY PRICE POWER FUEL SUM(C.PRICE)OVER(ORDERBYC.ID)
---------- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- -------- -----------------------------
1 Audi A4 2001 gray city 5400 150 SP 5400
2 Audi A6 2012 gray limousine 12000 204 DIESEL 17400
3 BMW Serie 4 2020 white sport 16000 240 SP 33400
4 BMW X6 2018 blue SUV 15000 280 DIESEL 48400
5 Volkswagen Polo 2014 gray city 4800 90 DIESEL 53200
6 Renault Arkana 2023 green SUV 35000 220 ELECTRIC 88200
7 Porche Cayenne 2021 black SUV 41000 280 SP 129200
8 Tesla Model 3 2023 black city 30500 250 ELECTRIC 159700
9 Tesla Model 3 2023 white city 30500 250 ELECTRIC 190200
10 Tesla Model 3 2022 black city 24000 250 ELECTRIC 214200
11 Audi A4 2022 red city 26000 200 SP 240200
12 Audi Q5 2021 gray SUV 38000 260 SP 278200
13 BMW Serie 3 2022 white city 46000 240 ELECTRIC 324200
14 BMW Serie 3 2023 white city 44000 240 ELECTRIC 368200
15 BMW Serie 3 2021 white city 42000 240 ELECTRIC 410200
16 Renault Clio 2019 black city 8900 110 SP 419100
17 Renault Clio 2020 black city 9600 110 SP 428700
18 Renault Twingo 2019 red city 7800 90 SP 436500
19 Renault Twingo 2022 green city 9200 90 SP 445700
20 Porche 911 2022 gray sport 61000 310 SP 506700
20 rows selected.
-- adding PARTITION by EXPR will "group by EXPR" and reset FIRST key for each group
select
c.*
,sum(c.price) over (partition by brand order by c.id)
from
cars c;
ID BRAND MODEL YEAR COLOR CATEGORY PRICE POWER FUEL SUM(C.PRICE)OVER(PARTITIONBYBRANDORDERBYC.ID)
---------- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- -------- ---------------------------------------------
1 Audi A4 2001 gray city 5400 150 SP 5400
2 Audi A6 2012 gray limousine 12000 204 DIESEL 17400
11 Audi A4 2022 red city 26000 200 SP 43400
12 Audi Q5 2021 gray SUV 38000 260 SP 81400
3 BMW Serie 4 2020 white sport 16000 240 SP 16000
4 BMW X6 2018 blue SUV 15000 280 DIESEL 31000
13 BMW Serie 3 2022 white city 46000 240 ELECTRIC 77000
14 BMW Serie 3 2023 white city 44000 240 ELECTRIC 121000
15 BMW Serie 3 2021 white city 42000 240 ELECTRIC 163000
7 Porche Cayenne 2021 black SUV 41000 280 SP 41000
20 Porche 911 2022 gray sport 61000 310 SP 102000
6 Renault Arkana 2023 green SUV 35000 220 ELECTRIC 35000
16 Renault Clio 2019 black city 8900 110 SP 43900
17 Renault Clio 2020 black city 9600 110 SP 53500
18 Renault Twingo 2019 red city 7800 90 SP 61300
19 Renault Twingo 2022 green city 9200 90 SP 70500
8 Tesla Model 3 2023 black city 30500 250 ELECTRIC 30500
9 Tesla Model 3 2023 white city 30500 250 ELECTRIC 61000
10 Tesla Model 3 2022 black city 24000 250 ELECTRIC 85000
5 Volkswagen Polo 2014 gray city 4800 90 DIESEL 4800
20 rows selected.
-- when the keys of ORDER BY are not distinct, over (order by KEY) the analytic function will not change for lignes having the same KEY value
-- to force the compute from previous line to current add : rows between unbounded preceding and current row
select b.*,
count(*) over (
order by weight
) running_total,
sum ( weight ) over (
order by weight
) running_weight
from bricks b
order by weight;
BRICK_ID COLOUR SHAPE WEIGHT RUNNING_TOTAL RUNNING_WEIGHT
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- --------------
1 blue cube 1 3 3
3 red cube 1 3 3
6 green pyramid 1 3 3
4 red cube 2 5 7
2 blue pyramid 2 5 7
5 red pyramid 3 6 10
select b.*,
count(*) over (
order by weight
rows between unbounded preceding and current row
) running_total,
sum ( weight ) over (
order by weight
rows between unbounded preceding and current row
) running_weight
from bricks b
order by weight;
BRICK_ID COLOUR SHAPE WEIGHT RUNNING_TOTAL RUNNING_WEIGHT
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- --------------
1 blue cube 1 1 1
3 red cube 1 2 2
6 green pyramid 1 3 3
4 red cube 2 4 5
2 blue pyramid 2 5 7
5 red pyramid 3 6 10
6 rows selected.

18
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Setup (schema creation).
This will create SOE schema with *secret* password in the PDB YODA where admin user is sysdba.
./oewizard -v -cl -create \
-cs wayland/YODA -u soe -p secret \
-scale 1 -tc 2 -dba "admin as sysdba" -dbap "Secret00!" \
-ts ts_swingbench
Check:
./sbutil -soe -cs wayland/YODA -soe -u soe -p secret -val
Run benchmark:
./charbench -c ../configs/SOE_Server_Side_V2.xml \
-u soe -p secret -uc 5 -cs wayland/YODA \
-min 0 -max 10 -intermin 200 -intermax 500 -mt 5000 -mr -v users,tpm,tps,errs,vresp

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delete mode 100644 tpt/ash/ash_wait_chains2.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/ash/cashtop.sql
delete mode 100644 tpt/ash/dash_wait_chains2.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/ash/dashtopsum.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/ash/dashtopsum_pga.sql
delete mode 100644 tpt/ash/example_ash_report.html
create mode 100644 tpt/ash/sqlexec_duration_buckets.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/awr/awr_sqlid_binds.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/awr/perfhub.html
create mode 100644 tpt/create_sql_baseline_awr.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/descpartxx.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/descxx11.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/lpstat.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/netstat.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/netstat2.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/npstat.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/oerrh.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/oerrign.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/setup/grant_snapper_privs.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/setup/logon_trigger_ospid.sql
create mode 100644 tpt/tabhisthybrid.sql

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CREATE TABLE t (
id INTEGER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
i INTEGER,
c VARCHAR(30),
ts TIMESTAMP
);
INSERT INTO t (i, c, ts)
SELECT
(random() * 9999 + 1)::int AS i,
md5(random()::text)::varchar(30) AS c,
(
timestamp '2000-01-01'
+ random() * (timestamp '2025-12-31' - timestamp '2000-01-01')
) AS ts
FROM generate_series(1, 200000000);
-- export standard table to CSV
COPY t
TO '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/postgres/t.csv'
DELIMITER ','
CSV HEADER;
-- import standard table from CSV
CREATE TABLE t (
id INTEGER,
i INTEGER,
c TEXT,
ts TIMESTAMPTZ
);
COPY t
FROM '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/postgres/t.csv'
DELIMITER ','
CSV HEADER;
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS T_TS ON T (TS);
------------
-- Oracle --
------------
CREATE TABLE t (
id INTEGER,
i INTEGER,
c VARCHAR2(30),
ts TIMESTAMP
);
-- file t.ctl
LOAD DATA
INFILE 't.csv'
INTO TABLE t
APPEND
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
TRAILING NULLCOLS
(
id INTEGER EXTERNAL,
i INTEGER EXTERNAL,
c CHAR(30),
ts TIMESTAMP "YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS.FF"
)
sqlldr "'/ as sysdba'" \
control=t.ctl \
log=t.log \
bad=t.bad \
rows=50000
------------------
-- TimescaleDB --
------------------
Install & config from sources:
https://www.tigerdata.com/docs/self-hosted/latest/install/installation-source
CREATE TABLE ht (
id INTEGER,
i INTEGER,
c TEXT,
ts TIMESTAMPTZ
);
SELECT create_hypertable(
'ht', -- table name
'ts', -- time column
chunk_time_interval => INTERVAL '1 month'
);
SELECT add_retention_policy(
'ht',
INTERVAL '25 years'
);
SELECT * FROM timescaledb_information.jobs
WHERE proc_name = 'policy_retention';
SELECT alter_job(
job_id => <your_job_id>,
schedule_interval => INTERVAL '6 hours'
);
timescaledb-parallel-copy --connection "postgres://postgres@localhost/db01" --table ht --file '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/postgres/t.csv' \
--workers 16 --reporting-period 30s -skip-header
SELECT show_chunks('t');
-----------
-- Bench --
-----------
-- q1
select * from t where ts between timestamp'2015-04-01:09:00:00' and timestamp'2015-04-01:09:00:20';
-- q2
select count(*) from t;
Classic PostgreSQL
Table load: 5 min
q1: 52 sec
q2: 45 sec
TimescaleDB
Table load: 5 min
db01=# SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size('public.t'));
pg_size_pretty
----------------
18 GB
(1 row)
db01=# SELECT pg_size_pretty(hypertable_size('public.ht'));
pg_size_pretty
----------------
19 GB
(1 row)
ALTER TABLE ht
SET (
timescaledb.compress
);
SELECT add_compression_policy(
'ht',
INTERVAL '2 years'
);
SELECT job_id
FROM timescaledb_information.jobs
WHERE proc_name = 'policy_compression'
AND hypertable_name = 'ht';
CALL run_job(1002);
SELECT
chunk_schema || '.' || chunk_name AS chunk,
is_compressed,
range_start,
range_end
FROM timescaledb_information.chunks
WHERE hypertable_name = 'ht'
ORDER BY range_start;
-----------------------------------------
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ht_hourly_avg
WITH (timescaledb.continuous) AS
SELECT
time_bucket('1 hour', ts) AS bucket,
AVG(i) AS avg_i
FROM ht
GROUP BY bucket;
SELECT add_continuous_aggregate_policy('ht_hourly_avg',
start_offset => INTERVAL '2 days',
end_offset => INTERVAL '0 hours',
schedule_interval => INTERVAL '5 minutes'
);
SELECT add_continuous_aggregate_policy('ht_hourly_avg',
start_offset => INTERVAL '7 days',
end_offset => INTERVAL '0 hours',
schedule_interval => INTERVAL '30 minutes'
);
SELECT *
FROM ht_hourly_avg
WHERE bucket >= now() - INTERVAL '7 days'
ORDER BY bucket;
SELECT job_id, proc_name, config
FROM timescaledb_information.jobs;
SELECT pid, query, state, backend_type
FROM pg_stat_activity
WHERE query LIKE '%run_job%'
AND query LIKE '%' || <job_id> || '%';

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> Based on article https://www.baeldung.com/openssl-self-signed-cert
## Build a home made root CA
mkdir -p /app/CA
cd /app/CA
Create rootCA private key:
openssl genrsa -des3 -out rootCA.key 4096
Create rootCA certificate:
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key rootCA.key -sha256 -days 7300 -out rootCA.pem
## Generate client root CA signed certificate for a client
Client private key:
openssl genrsa -out raxus.swgalaxy.key 2048
Client certificate signature request:
openssl req -new -key raxus.swgalaxy.key -out raxus.swgalaxy.csr
Root CA create a signed certificate using the certificate signature request:
openssl x509 -req -CA rootCA.pem -CAkey rootCA.key -in raxus.swgalaxy.csr -out raxus.swgalaxy.crt -days 365 -CAcreateserial
Optionally create the full chain:
cat raxus.swgalaxy.crt rootCA.pem > raxus.swgalaxy.fullchain.crt
Optionally create an export to be imported into a Oracle wallet:
openssl pkcs12 -export \
-in raxus.swgalaxy.crt \
-inkey raxus.swgalaxy.key \
-certfile rootCA.pem \
-out raxus.swgalaxy.p12

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== Use cp to copy hidden files
cp -r from/.[^.]* to/
Eample:
cd /root
cp -r ./.[^.]* /mnt/unprotected/tmp/reinstall_coruscant/dom0/slash_root/

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# create local admin user
net user vplesnila secret /add
net localgroup administrators vplesnila /add
# setup autologin
REG ADD "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v AutoAdminLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 /f
REG ADD "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v DefaultUserName /t REG_SZ /d vplesnila /f
REG ADD "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v DefaultPassword /t REG_SZ /d secret /f

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net user USER-NAME PASSWORD /add
net localgroup administrators USER-ACCOUNT /add

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## Context
- Source: non-CDB = GREEDO@rodia-scan
- Target: PDB = REEK, CDB=AERONPRD@ylesia-scan
## Setup
Create tablespaces and users:
```
create tablespace TS1 datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
create tablespace TS2 datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
create tablespace TS3 datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
alter tablespace TS1 add datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
alter tablespace TS1 add datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
alter tablespace TS2 add datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
alter tablespace TS3 add datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
alter tablespace TS3 add datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
alter tablespace TS3 add datafile size 16M autoextend on next 16M;
create user U1 identified by secret;
grant connect, resource, create view,create job to U1;
alter user U1 quota unlimited on TS1;
alter user U1 quota unlimited on TS2;
alter user U1 quota unlimited on TS3;
create user U2 identified by secret;
grant connect, resource, create view,create job to U2;
alter user U2 quota unlimited on TS1;
alter user U2 quota unlimited on TS2;
alter user U2 quota unlimited on TS3;
```
For each user, create objects:
connect U1/secret
-- create objcts
connect U2/secret
-- create objcts
Create objects script:
```
-- TABLE 1 dans TS1
CREATE TABLE table1_ts1 (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
data VARCHAR2(100),
created_at DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE
) TABLESPACE TS1;
CREATE SEQUENCE table1_seq
START WITH 1
INCREMENT BY 1
NOCACHE
NOCYCLE;
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_table1_id
BEFORE INSERT ON table1_ts1
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.id IS NULL THEN
SELECT table1_seq.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END IF;
END;
/
-- TABLE 2 dans TS2
CREATE TABLE table2_ts2 (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
data VARCHAR2(100),
updated_at DATE
) TABLESPACE TS2;
CREATE SEQUENCE table2_seq
START WITH 1
INCREMENT BY 1
NOCACHE
NOCYCLE;
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_table2_id
BEFORE INSERT ON table2_ts2
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.id IS NULL THEN
SELECT table2_seq.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END IF;
END;
/
-- TABLE 3 dans TS3
CREATE TABLE table3_ts3 (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
info VARCHAR2(100),
status VARCHAR2(20)
) TABLESPACE TS3;
CREATE SEQUENCE table3_seq
START WITH 1
INCREMENT BY 1
NOCACHE
NOCYCLE;
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_table3_id
BEFORE INSERT ON table3_ts3
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.id IS NULL THEN
SELECT table3_seq.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.id FROM dual;
END IF;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW combined_view AS
SELECT id, data, created_at, NULL AS updated_at, NULL AS status FROM table1_ts1
UNION ALL
SELECT id, data, updated_at, NULL AS created_at, NULL AS status FROM table2_ts2
UNION ALL
SELECT id, info AS data, NULL, NULL, status FROM table3_ts3;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE data_ops AS
PROCEDURE insert_random_data;
PROCEDURE update_random_data;
PROCEDURE delete_random_data;
END data_ops;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY data_ops AS
PROCEDURE insert_random_data IS
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT INTO table1_ts1 (data)
VALUES (DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 10));
END LOOP;
FOR i IN 1..3 LOOP
INSERT INTO table3_ts3 (info, status)
VALUES (DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 10), 'NEW');
END LOOP;
END;
PROCEDURE update_random_data IS
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..7 LOOP
INSERT INTO table2_ts2 (data)
VALUES (DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 10));
END LOOP;
FOR rec IN (
SELECT id FROM (
SELECT id FROM table2_ts2 ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE
) WHERE ROWNUM <= 5
) LOOP
UPDATE table2_ts2
SET data = DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('A', 10), updated_at = SYSDATE
WHERE id = rec.id;
END LOOP;
END;
PROCEDURE delete_random_data IS
BEGIN
FOR rec IN (
SELECT id FROM (
SELECT id FROM table3_ts3 ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE
) WHERE ROWNUM <= 2
) LOOP
DELETE FROM table3_ts3 WHERE id = rec.id;
END LOOP;
END;
END data_ops;
/
```
Create job to run every 1 minute:
```
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB (
job_name => 'random_ops_job',
job_type => 'PLSQL_BLOCK',
job_action => '
BEGIN
data_ops.insert_random_data;
data_ops.update_random_data;
data_ops.delete_random_data;
END;',
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MINUTELY; INTERVAL=1',
enabled => TRUE,
comments => 'Job to insert, update and delete random data every minute.'
);
END;
/
```
To restart the job:
```
--Restart the job
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.enable('random_ops_job');
END;
/
```
Count the lines in tables:
```
select
'u1.table1_ts1:'||count(*) from u1.table1_ts1
union select
'u1.table2_ts2:'||count(*) from u1.table2_ts2
union select
'u1.table3_ts3:'||count(*) from u1.table3_ts3
union select
'u2.table1_ts1:'||count(*) from u2.table1_ts1
union select
'u2.table2_ts2:'||count(*) from u2.table2_ts2
union select
'u2.table3_ts3:'||count(*) from u2.table3_ts3
order by 1 asc
/
```
To ensure the automatic opening of PDB, create a service to start automatically in the PDB:
srvctl add service -s adm_reek -db AERONPRD -preferred AERONPRD1,AERONPRD2,AERONPRD3 -pdb REEK -role PRIMARY
srvctl start service -s adm_reek -db AERONPRD
## XTTS
> Note MOS: V4 Reduce Transportable Tablespace Downtime using Cross Platform Incremental Backup (Doc ID 2471245.1)
### Initial setup
Identify tablespaces to transport, probably all non "administrative" tablespaces:
```
select
listagg(tablespace_name, ',')
within group
(order by tablespace_name) as non_sys_ts
from
dba_tablespaces
where
contents not in ('UNDO','TEMPORARY') and
tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX');
```
For source and target servers, define folders to be used for scripts, backupset, datapump etc.
In our case, that will be a shared NFS folder `/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts`
> The size of folder should be greather than the size of full database.
Unzip xtts scripts:
cd /mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
unzip /mnt/yavin4/kit/Oracle/XTTS/rman_xttconvert_VER4.3.zip
Configure xtt.properties file:
```
tablespaces=TS1,TS2,TS3,USERS
src_scratch_location=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts/scratch
dest_datafile_location=+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/xtts/
dest_scratch_location=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts/scratch
asm_home=/app/oracle/grid/product/19
asm_sid=+ASM1
destconnstr=sys/"Secret00!"@ylesia-scan/adm_reek
usermantransport=1
```
On target server, create ASM directory where the datafile will be restored:
mkdir +DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/xtts
On **both source and target** servers, set `TMPDIR` environment variable to the path of xtts scripts:
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
### Prepare Phase
This step corresponds to initial full backup/restore of source database on target system.
Initial backup on source server:
```
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
cd $TMPDIR
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --backup --debug 3
```
Initial restore on target server:
```
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
cd $TMPDIR
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --restore --debug 3
```
> `debug` argument is optional
### Roll Forward Phase
As long as necessary we can do incremental backup/resore operations.
> New datafiles add to source database are automatically managed by this step.
The commands are exactly the sames (with or without debug mode).
For backup:
```
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
cd $TMPDIR
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --backup
```
For restore:
```
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
cd $TMPDIR
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --restore
```
> Running succesives backup or successive restore operations does not pose a problem.
### Final Incremental Backup
On **source** database, put tablespaces in **read-only** mode:
```
select
'alter tablespace '||tablespace_name||' read only;' as COMMAND
from
dba_tablespaces
where
contents not in ('UNDO','TEMPORARY') and
tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX');
```
Check:
```
select distinct status
from
dba_tablespaces
where
contents not in ('UNDO','TEMPORARY') and
tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX');
```
Take final incremental backup:
```
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
cd $TMPDIR
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --backup
```
Rstore final incremental backup:
```
export TMPDIR=/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts
cd $TMPDIR
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --restore
```
### Metadata export
Create DATAPUMP directory on **both** source and destination databases.
On source (non-CDB):
SQL> create or replace directory XTTS as '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts';
On destination (PDB):
export ORACLE_PDB_SID=REEK
SQL> create or replace directory XTTS as '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts';
Export metadata
expdp userid="'/ as sysdba'" dumpfile=XTTS:metadata.dmp logfile=XTTS:metadata.log FULL=y TRANSPORTABLE=always
### Optionally: on target, pout target datafiles read-only at OS level
Identify OMF target datafiles:
```
asmcmd -p
cd +DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/xtts
ls --permission
```
For each datafile, set read-olny permisions, example:
chmod 444 +DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/xtts/*
If you got:
ORA-15304: operation requires ACCESS_CONTROL.ENABLED attribute to be TRUE (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
then set following diskgroup attributes and retry.
```
column dg_name format a20
column name format a50
column VALUE format a30
set lines 120
select
dg.name dg_name, attr.name, attr.value
from
v$asm_attribute attr
join v$asm_diskgroup dg on attr.group_number=dg.group_number
where
attr.name in ('compatible.rdbms','access_control.enabled')
order by dg.name, attr.name
/
alter diskgroup DATA set attribute 'compatible.rdbms' = '19.0.0.0.0';
alter diskgroup RECO set attribute 'compatible.rdbms' = '19.0.0.0.0';
alter diskgroup DATA set attribute 'access_control.enabled' = 'TRUE';
alter diskgroup RECO set attribute 'access_control.enabled' = 'TRUE';
```
> Compare number of datafiles transported and the number of datafiles of non-Oracle tablespaces
> Check if transported tablespaces already exists on target database
### Metadata import and tablespace plug-in
Create impdp parfile `impo_metadata.par`:
```
userid="/ as sysdba"
dumpfile=XTTS:metadata.dmp
logfile=XTTS:impo_metadata.log
transport_datafiles=
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS1.290.1205059373,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS1.291.1205059373,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS1.298.1205060113,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS1.289.1205059373,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS2.293.1205059375,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS2.300.1205060113,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS2.292.1205059375,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS3.294.1205059381,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS3.295.1205059381,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS3.296.1205059381,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS3.297.1205059381,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/TS3.299.1205060113,
+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/USERS.302.1205084171
```
Run import:
impdp parfile=impo_metadata.par
Rebounce the PDB (or the CDB), otherwise we can get errors like:
```
ORA-01114: IO error writing block to file 33 (block # 1)
ORA-01110: data file 33:
'+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/ts1.298.1205060113'
ORA-27009: cannot write to file opened for read
```
Put plugged tablespaces in read/write mode:
```
select
'alter tablespace '||tablespace_name||' read write;' as COMMAND
from
dba_tablespaces
where
contents not in ('UNDO','TEMPORARY') and
tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX');
```
Remove aliases in order to user only OMF datafiles:
```
cd +DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/xtts
rmalias ts1_8.dbf ts2_13.dbf... .... ...
cd ..
rm -rf xtts
```
## Unxexpectd issues
In metadata import step I relize I forgot to include USER tablespace in `xtt.properties` and impdp failed wit error:
ORA-39352: Wrong number of TRANSPORT_DATAFILES specified: expected 13, received 12
The tablespace USER being in read-only mode I copied the datafile manually on target database.
Identify the file number:
```
SQL> select FILE_ID from dba_data_files where TABLESPACE_NAME='USERS';
FILE_ID
----------
7
```
Backup datafile on source:
```
run{
set nocfau;
backup datafile 7 format '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
}
```
Restore datafile on target;
```
run {
restore from platform 'Linux x86 64-bit'
foreign datafile 7 format '+DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/xtts//USERS.dbf'
from backupset '/mnt/unprotected/tmp/oracle/xtts/GREEDO_0i3t87ss_18_1_1_18_1205084060.bck';
}
```
Put datafile in read-ony at ASM level:
chmod 444 +DATA/AERONPRD/389011A6CB11A654E0635000A8C07D80/DATAFILE/USERS.302.1205084171
Run the impdp again.
## Troubleshooting
Having datafile to plug-in in read-only mode at ASM level allow to repeat tne impdp operations as many time as necessary.
For example, to completly re-execute the impdp metadata as on initial conditions:
- drop new plugged tablespaces
- drop non oracle maintened users
- run impdp metadata again
```
drop tablespace TS1 including contents;
drop tablespace TS2 including contents;
drop tablespace TS3 including contents;
drop tablespace USERS including contents;
select 'drop user '||USERNAME||' cascade;' from dba_users where ORACLE_MAINTAINED='N';
```

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# Tracking column histogram modifications by M.Houri
# https://hourim.wordpress.com/2020/08/06/historical-column-histogram/
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select rownum id, decode(mod(rownum,10),0,2,1) c_freq, nvl(blocks,999) c_hb
from dba_tables ;
update T1 set c_freq=3 where rownum<=10;
commit;
create index idx_freq on T1(C_FREQ) tablespace TS1;
create index idx_hb on T1(C_HB) tablespace TS1;
select c_freq,count(*) from T1 group by c_freq order by 2 desc;
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats (user, 'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
col column_name for a20
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1' and column_name='C_FREQ';
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * from T1 where C_FREQ=3;
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1' and column_name='C_HB';
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * from T1 where C_HB=999;
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
---------------- FREQ
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for columns C_FREQ size AUTO');
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1' and column_name='C_FREQ';
select endpoint_value as column_value,
endpoint_number as cummulative_frequency,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over (order by endpoint_number) as frequency
from user_tab_histograms
where table_name = 'T1' and column_name = 'C_FREQ';
alter system flush shared_pool;
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ * from T1 where C_FREQ=3;
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
--------------- WEIGHT
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for columns C_HB size 254');
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1' and column_name='C_HB';
select endpoint_value as column_value,
endpoint_number as cummulative_frequency,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over (order by endpoint_number) as frequency
from user_tab_histograms
where table_name = 'T1' and column_name = 'C_HB';
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select rownum id, decode(mod(rownum,10),0,2,1) c_freq, nvl(blocks,999) c_hb
from dba_extents ;
update T1 set c_freq=3 where rownum<=10;
commit;

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drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
decode(mod(rownum,10),0,10,1) col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100000
)
/
---------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
decode(mod(rownum,3),0,'m3',
decode(mod(rownum,5),0,'m5',
decode(mod(rownum,7),0,'m7',
decode(mod(rownum,11),0,'m11',
decode(mod(rownum,13),0,'m13',
decode(mod(rownum,17),0,'m17',
'other')))))) col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100000
)
/
------------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<=10 then rownum else 99999 end col1,
case when rownum<=400 then rownum else 99999 end col2,
case when rownum<=4000 then rownum else 99999 end col3,
case when rownum<=10000 then rownum else 99999 end col4
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100000
)
/
---------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum>=1 and rownum<1000 then mod(rownum,10) else 99999 end col1,
case when rownum>=1 and rownum<99900 then mod(rownum,1000) else rownum end col2,
mod(rownum,300) col3
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100000
)
/
---------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
mod(rownum,254) col1,
mod(rownum,255) col2,
mod(rownum,256) col3
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100000
)
/
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1';
select endpoint_value as column_value,
endpoint_number as cummulative_frequency,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over (order by endpoint_number) as frequency
from user_tab_histograms
where table_name = 'T1' and column_name = 'COL4';
select col1,count(*) from T1 group by col1 order by 2 desc;
--------------------
https://www.red-gate.com/simple-talk/databases/oracle-databases/12c-histogram-top-frequency/
drop table T_TopFreq purge;
create table T_TopFreq as
select
rownum n1
, case when mod(rownum, 100000) = 0 then 90
when mod(rownum, 10000) = 0 then 180
when mod(rownum, 1000) = 0 then 84
when mod(rownum, 100) = 0 then 125
when mod(rownum,50) = 2 then 7
when mod(rownum-1,80) = 2 then 22
when mod(rownum, 10) = 0 then 19
when mod(rownum-1,10) = 5 then 15
when mod(rownum-1,5) = 1 then 11
when trunc((rownum -1/3)) < 5 then 25
when trunc((rownum -1/5)) < 20 then 33
else 42
end n2
from dual
connect by level <= 2e2
/
set serveroutput ON
exec dbms_stats.set_global_prefs ('TRACE', to_char (1+16));
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats (user,'T_TOPFREQ',method_opt=> 'for columns n2 size 8');
exec dbms_stats.set_global_prefs('TRACE', null);
select
sum (cnt) TopNRows
from (select
n2
,count(*) cnt
from t_topfreq
group by n2
order by count(*) desc
)
where rownum <= 8;
with FREQ as
( select
n2
,count(*) cnt
from t_topfreq
group by n2
order by count(*) desc
)
select sum(cnt) from FREQ where rownum<=8;
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T_TOPFREQ';
--------------------------------------------------------------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
mod(rownum,300) col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100e3
)
/
update T1 set col1=567 where id between 70e3 and 75e3;
update T1 set col1=678 where id between 75e3 and 90e3;
update T1 set col1=789 where id between 90e3 and 100e3;
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
-- type de histogram
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1';
-- how many rows are in the TOP-N values ?
with FREQ as
( select
col1
,count(*) cnt
from T1
group by col1
order by count(*) desc
)
select sum(cnt) from FREQ where rownum<=254
;
-- frequency by column value / bucket
select endpoint_value as column_value,
endpoint_number as cummulative_frequency,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over (order by endpoint_number) as frequency,
ENDPOINT_REPEAT_COUNT
from user_tab_histograms
where table_name = 'T1' and column_name = 'COL1';
--------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace TS1 as
select
rownum id,
mod(rownum,2000) col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 1000e3
)
/
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 2048');
-- type de histogram
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from user_tab_col_statistics
where table_name='T1';

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create pluggable database NEREUS admin user PDB$OWNER identified by secret;
alter pluggable database NEREUS open;
alter pluggable database NEREUS save state;
alter session set container=NEREUS;
show pdbs
show con_name
grant sysdba to adm identified by secret;
alias NEREUS='rlwrap sqlplus adm/secret@bakura/NEREUS as sysdba'
create tablespace USERS datafile size 32M autoextend ON next 32M;
alter database default tablespace USERS;
create user HR identified by secret
quota unlimited on USERS;
grant CONNECT,RESOURCE to HR;
grant CREATE VIEW to HR;
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/oracle-samples/db-sample-schemas/main/human_resources/hr_cre.sql
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/oracle-samples/db-sample-schemas/main/human_resources/hr_popul.sql
connect HR/secret@bakura/NEREUS
spool install.txt
@hr_cre.sql
@hr_popul.sql
alter user HR no authentication;
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
emp.FIRST_NAME
, emp.LAST_NAME
, dept.DEPARTMENT_NAME
from
HR.EMPLOYEES emp,
HR.DEPARTMENTS dept
where
emp.DEPARTMENT_ID = dept.DEPARTMENT_ID
order by
FIRST_NAME,
LAST_NAME
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('HR','EMPLOYEES');
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('HR','DEPARTMENTS');
alter system flush shared_pool;
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HR','EMPLOYEES', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HR','DEPARTMENTS', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HR','EMPLOYEES', method_opt=>'for all columns size 254');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HR','DEPARTMENTS', method_opt=>'for all columns size 254');
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from dba_tab_col_statistics
where owner='HR' and table_name='EMPLOYEES' and column_name='DEPARTMENT_ID';
select endpoint_value as column_value,
endpoint_number as cummulative_frequency,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over (order by endpoint_number) as frequency
from dba_tab_histograms
where owner='HR' and table_name='EMPLOYEES' and column_name='DEPARTMENT_ID';
select column_name,num_distinct,density,num_nulls,num_buckets,sample_size,histogram
from dba_tab_col_statistics
where owner='HR' and table_name='DEPARTMENTS' and column_name='DEPARTMENT_ID';
select endpoint_value as column_value,
endpoint_number as cummulative_frequency,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over (order by endpoint_number) as frequency
from dba_tab_histograms
where owner='HR' and table_name='DEPARTMENTS' and column_name='DEPARTMENT_ID';
break on report skip 1
compute sum of product on report
column product format 999,999,999
with f1 as (
select
endpoint_value value,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over(order by endpoint_number) frequency
from
dba_tab_histograms
where
owner='HR'
and table_name = 'EMPLOYEES'
and column_name = 'DEPARTMENT_ID'
order by
endpoint_value
),
f2 as (
select
endpoint_value value,
endpoint_number - lag(endpoint_number,1,0) over(order by endpoint_number) frequency
from
dba_tab_histograms
where
owner='HR'
and table_name = 'DEPARTMENTS'
and column_name = 'DEPARTMENT_ID'
order by
endpoint_value
)
select
f1.value, f1.frequency, f2.frequency, f1.frequency * f2.frequency product
from
f1, f2
where
f2.value = f1.value
;

85
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drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<10 then mod(rownum,4) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 20
)
/
drop table T2 purge;
create table T2 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<25 then mod(rownum,10) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100
)
/
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=150
and T1.COL1=T2.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SYS','T1');
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SYS','T2');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
alter system flush shared_pool;
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID
, T2.ID
, T1.COL1
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=3
and T1.COL1=T2.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
@stats_col SYS T1 % % % %
@stats_col SYS T2 % % % %
@hist_cross_freq SYS T1 COL1 SYS T2 COL2

60
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@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<4e4 then mod(rownum,500) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 5e5
)
/
drop table T2 purge;
create table T2 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<8e5 then mod(rownum,500) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 1e6
)
/
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=150
and T1.COL1=T2.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SYS','T1');
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SYS','T2');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
@stats_col SYS T1 % % % %
@stats_col SYS T2 % % % %
@hist_cross_freq SYS T1 COL1 SYS T2 COL2

97
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https://hourim.wordpress.com/?s=histogram
https://jonathanlewis.wordpress.com/2013/10/09/12c-histograms-pt-3/
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SYS','T1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for columns size 20 col1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
select
endpoint_number,
endpoint_value,
endpoint_repeat_count
from
user_tab_histograms
where
table_name = 'T1'
order by
endpoint_number
;
set pages 50 lines 256
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
a.COL1 COL1
from
T1 a,
T1 b
where
a.COL1=b.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
set pages 50 lines 256
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
a.COL1 COL1
from
T1 a,
T1 b
where
a.COL1=33 and
a.COL1=b.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
set pages 50 lines 256
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
a.COL1 COL1
from
T1 a,
T1 b
where
a.COL1=37 and
a.COL1=b.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
37 distinct values - 20 popular values = 17 non popular values
On 32 lines => 17 non popular values (oniform distributed) => 2 lines / value
x 17

48
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@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats('SYS','T1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for columns size 20 col1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
set pages 50 lines 256
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
a.COL1 COL1
from
T1 a,
T1 b
where
a.COL1=9999 and
a.COL1=b.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
density = (nr_of_lines/_distinct_values)/100 = frequency_of_column / 100
frequency_of_non_popular_values = (nr_of_lines-sum(endpoint repeat count)) / (number_of_distinct_values - number_of_endpoints)
32 LINES ---- 17 NON POP
?
Test: val popuaire
val non populaire
val non populaire out of range

138
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-- Setup
--------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<10 then mod(rownum,4) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 20
)
/
drop table T2 purge;
create table T2 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<25 then mod(rownum,10) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100
)
/
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=T2.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
@stats_col SYS T1 % % % %
b s Avg Num
Object a e Col Buc
Type TableName ColumnName LastAnalyzed l r Size (MB) SampleSize Len NumDistinct NumNulls Density Histogram ket
-------- --------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ - - --------- ---------------- ---- --------------- -------------- ------------------ --------------- ----
TABLE SYS.T1 COL1 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 20 4 5 0 .200000000000000 NONE 1
TABLE SYS.T1 ID 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 20 3 20 0 .050000000000000 NONE 1
SQL> @stats_col SYS T2 % % % %
b s Avg Num
Object a e Col Buc
Type TableName ColumnName LastAnalyzed l r Size (MB) SampleSize Len NumDistinct NumNulls Density Histogram ket
-------- --------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ - - --------- ---------------- ---- --------------- -------------- ------------------ --------------- ----
TABLE SYS.T2 COL1 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 100 4 11 0 .090909090909091 NONE 1
TABLE SYS.T2 ID 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 100 3 100 0 .010000000000000 NONE 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Writes | OMem | 1Mem | Used-Mem |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | CREATE TABLE STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 7 (100)| 0 |00:00:00.01 | 25 | 2 | | | |
| 1 | LOAD AS SELECT | Q | 1 | | | | 0 |00:00:00.01 | 25 | 2 | 1043K| 1043K| 1043K (0)|
|* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 182 | 2366 | 6 (0)| 861 |00:00:00.01 | 4 | 0 | 2078K| 2078K| 1219K (0)|
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 1 | 20 | 120 | 3 (0)| 20 |00:00:00.01 | 2 | 0 | | | |
| 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T2 | 1 | 100 | 700 | 3 (0)| 100 |00:00:00.01 | 2 | 0 | | | |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- rows1*rows2/max(distinct1,distinct1) = rows1*rows2*min(density1,density2)
SQL> select 20*100*.090909090909091 from dual;
20*100*.090909090909091
-----------------------
181.818182
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS LEADING(T2 T1) */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
-- T1.COL1=150 and
T1.COL1=T2.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
@stats_col SYS T1 % % % %
b s Avg Num
Object a e Col Buc
Type TableName ColumnName LastAnalyzed l r Size (MB) SampleSize Len NumDistinct NumNulls Density Histogram ket
-------- --------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ - - --------- ---------------- ---- --------------- -------------- ------------------ --------------- ----
TABLE SYS.T1 COL1 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 20 4 5 0 .200000000000000 NONE 1
TABLE SYS.T1 ID 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 20 3 20 0 .050000000000000 NONE 1
SQL> @stats_col SYS T2 % % % %
b s Avg Num
Object a e Col Buc
Type TableName ColumnName LastAnalyzed l r Size (MB) SampleSize Len NumDistinct NumNulls Density Histogram ket
-------- --------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ - - --------- ---------------- ---- --------------- -------------- ------------------ --------------- ----
TABLE SYS.T2 COL1 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 100 4 11 0 .090909090909091 NONE 1
TABLE SYS.T2 ID 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 100 3 100 0 .010000000000000 NONE 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Writes | OMem | 1Mem | Used-Mem |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | CREATE TABLE STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 7 (100)| 0 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 2 | | | |
| 1 | LOAD AS SELECT | Q | 1 | | | | 0 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 2 | 1043K| 1043K| 1043K (0)|
|* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 182 | 2366 | 6 (0)| 861 |00:00:00.01 | 4 | 0 | 2078K| 2078K| 1315K (0)|
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T2 | 1 | 100 | 700 | 3 (0)| 100 |00:00:00.01 | 2 | 0 | | | |
| 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 1 | 20 | 120 | 3 (0)| 20 |00:00:00.01 | 2 | 0 | | | |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- rows1*rows2/max(distinct1,distinct1) = rows1*rows2*min(density1,density2)
SQL> select 100*20*.090909090909091 from dual;
100*20*.090909090909091
-----------------------
181.818182

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-- Setup
--------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<10 then mod(rownum,4) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 20
)
/
drop table T2 purge;
create table T2 tablespace USERS as
select
rownum id,
case when rownum<25 then mod(rownum,10) else 999 end col1
from ( select 1 just_a_column
from DUAL
connect by level <= 100
)
/
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=T2.ID
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
@stats_col SYS T1 % % % %
b s Avg Num
Object a e Col Buc
Type TableName ColumnName LastAnalyzed l r Size (MB) SampleSize Len NumDistinct NumNulls Density Histogram ket
-------- --------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ - - --------- ---------------- ---- --------------- -------------- ------------------ --------------- ----
TABLE SYS.T1 COL1 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 20 4 5 0 .200000000000000 NONE 1
TABLE SYS.T1 ID 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 20 3 20 0 .050000000000000 NONE 1
SQL> @stats_col SYS T2 % % % %
b s Avg Num
Object a e Col Buc
Type TableName ColumnName LastAnalyzed l r Size (MB) SampleSize Len NumDistinct NumNulls Density Histogram ket
-------- --------------------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ - - --------- ---------------- ---- --------------- -------------- ------------------ --------------- ----
TABLE SYS.T2 COL1 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 100 4 11 0 .090909090909091 NONE 1
TABLE SYS.T2 ID 11-FEB-23 09:20:04 Y N 0 100 3 100 0 .010000000000000 NONE 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Writes | OMem | 1Mem | Used-Mem |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | CREATE TABLE STATEMENT | | 1 | | | 7 (100)| 0 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 1 | | | |
| 1 | LOAD AS SELECT | Q | 1 | | | | 0 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 1 | 1043K| 1043K| 1043K (0)|
|* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 20 | 180 | 6 (0)| 7 |00:00:00.01 | 4 | 0 | 2078K| 2078K| 1219K (0)|
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 1 | 20 | 120 | 3 (0)| 20 |00:00:00.01 | 2 | 0 | | | |
| 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T2 | 1 | 100 | 300 | 3 (0)| 100 |00:00:00.01 | 2 | 0 | | | |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- rows1*rows2/max(distinct1,distinct1) = rows1*rows2*min(density1,density2)
SQL> select 20*100*.010000000000000 from dual;
20*100*.010000000000000
-----------------------
20

179
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-- Setup
--------
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1(
id NUMBER not null,
col1 NUMBER,
col2 NUMBER
)
tablespace USERS;
declare
v_id NUMBER;
v_col1 NUMBER;
v_col2 NUMBER;
begin
for i IN 1..40 loop
-- id column
v_id:=i;
-- col1 column
if (i between 1 and 15) then v_col1:=mod(i,3); end if;
if (i between 16 and 40) then v_col1:=i; end if;
-- col2 column
if (i between 1 and 30) then v_col2:=mod(i,6); end if;
if (i between 31 and 40) then v_col2:=999; end if;
-- insert values
insert into T1 values (v_id,v_col1,v_col2);
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
drop table T2 purge;
create table T2(
id NUMBER not null,
col1 NUMBER,
col2 NUMBER
)
tablespace USERS;
declare
v_id NUMBER;
v_col1 NUMBER;
v_col2 NUMBER;
begin
for i IN 1..150 loop
-- id column
v_id:=i;
-- col1 column
if (i between 1 and 49) then v_col1:=mod(i,7); end if;
if (i between 50 and 100) then v_col1:=i; end if;
if (i between 101 and 150) then v_col1:=777; end if;
-- col2 column
if (i between 1 and 100) then v_col2:=mod(i,10); end if;
if (i between 101 and 140) then v_col2:=999; end if;
if (i between 141 and 150) then v_col2:=i; end if;
-- insert values
insert into T2 values (v_id,v_col1,v_col2);
end loop;
commit;
end;
/
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T1', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'T2', method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=T2.COL1
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL2=T2.COL2
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
---------------------------------------------------------
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=T2.COL1 and
T1.COL2=T2.COL2
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
T1.ID id1
, T2.ID id2
, T1.COL1 val
from
T1,
T2
where
T1.COL1=T2.COL1 or
T1.COL2=T2.COL2
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES'));
--------------------------------------------------------
set lines 250 pages 999
alter system flush shared_pool;
drop table Q purge;
create table Q as
select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS MONITOR */
*
from
T2
where
COL1>=7
/
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PARALLEL +PARTITION +COST +BYTES +NOTE'));
set pages 0 linesize 32767 trimspool on trim on long 1000000 longchunksize 10000000
select dbms_perf.report_sql(sql_id=>'cgud94u0jkhjj',outer_start_time=>sysdate-1, outer_end_time=>sysdate, selected_start_time=>sysdate-1, selected_end_time=>sysdate,type=>'TEXT') from dual;
SELECT report_id,PERIOD_START_TIME,PERIOD_END_TIME,GENERATION_TIME FROM dba_hist_reports WHERE component_name = 'sqlmonitor' AND (period_start_time BETWEEN sysdate-1 and sysdate )AND key1 = 'cgud94u0jkhjj';
set pages 0 linesize 32767 trimspool on trim on long 1000000 longchunksize 10000000
SELECT DBMS_AUTO_REPORT.REPORT_REPOSITORY_DETAIL(RID => 145, TYPE => 'text') FROM dual;

109
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drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 (col1 NUMBER) tablespace USERS;
insert into T1 values (8);
insert into T1 values (12);
insert into T1 values (12);
insert into T1 values (13);
insert into T1 values (13);
insert into T1 values (13);
insert into T1 values (15);
insert into T1 values (16);
insert into T1 values (16);
insert into T1 values (17);
insert into T1 values (18);
insert into T1 values (18);
insert into T1 values (19);
insert into T1 values (19);
insert into T1 values (19);
insert into T1 values (20);
insert into T1 values (20);
insert into T1 values (20);
insert into T1 values (20);
insert into T1 values (20);
insert into T1 values (21);
insert into T1 values (22);
insert into T1 values (22);
insert into T1 values (22);
insert into T1 values (23);
insert into T1 values (23);
insert into T1 values (24);
insert into T1 values (24);
insert into T1 values (25);
insert into T1 values (26);
insert into T1 values (26);
insert into T1 values (26);
insert into T1 values (27);
insert into T1 values (27);
insert into T1 values (27);
insert into T1 values (27);
insert into T1 values (27);
insert into T1 values (27);
insert into T1 values (28);
insert into T1 values (28);
insert into T1 values (28);
insert into T1 values (28);
insert into T1 values (28);
insert into T1 values (28);
insert into T1 values (29);
insert into T1 values (29);
insert into T1 values (29);
insert into T1 values (29);
insert into T1 values (29);
insert into T1 values (29);
insert into T1 values (30);
insert into T1 values (30);
insert into T1 values (30);
insert into T1 values (31);
insert into T1 values (31);
insert into T1 values (31);
insert into T1 values (31);
insert into T1 values (31);
insert into T1 values (32);
insert into T1 values (32);
insert into T1 values (32);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (33);
insert into T1 values (34);
insert into T1 values (34);
insert into T1 values (34);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (35);
insert into T1 values (36);
insert into T1 values (37);
insert into T1 values (38);
insert into T1 values (38);
insert into T1 values (38);
insert into T1 values (38);
insert into T1 values (38);
insert into T1 values (39);
insert into T1 values (39);
insert into T1 values (40);
insert into T1 values (41);
insert into T1 values (42);
insert into T1 values (42);
insert into T1 values (43);
insert into T1 values (43);
insert into T1 values (43);
insert into T1 values (44);
insert into T1 values (45);
insert into T1 values (46);
insert into T1 values (50);
insert into T1 values (59);
commit;

109
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drop table T2 purge;
create table T2 (col1 NUMBER) tablespace USERS;
insert into T2 values (8);
insert into T2 values (12);
insert into T2 values (12);
insert into T2 values (22);
insert into T2 values (22);
insert into T2 values (22);
insert into T2 values (15);
insert into T2 values (16);
insert into T2 values (16);
insert into T2 values (17);
insert into T2 values (18);
insert into T2 values (18);
insert into T2 values (19);
insert into T2 values (19);
insert into T2 values (19);
insert into T2 values (20);
insert into T2 values (20);
insert into T2 values (20);
insert into T2 values (20);
insert into T2 values (20);
insert into T2 values (21);
insert into T2 values (22);
insert into T2 values (22);
insert into T2 values (22);
insert into T2 values (23);
insert into T2 values (23);
insert into T2 values (25);
insert into T2 values (25);
insert into T2 values (25);
insert into T2 values (26);
insert into T2 values (26);
insert into T2 values (26);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (28);
insert into T2 values (28);
insert into T2 values (28);
insert into T2 values (28);
insert into T2 values (28);
insert into T2 values (28);
insert into T2 values (29);
insert into T2 values (29);
insert into T2 values (29);
insert into T2 values (29);
insert into T2 values (29);
insert into T2 values (29);
insert into T2 values (30);
insert into T2 values (30);
insert into T2 values (30);
insert into T2 values (31);
insert into T2 values (31);
insert into T2 values (31);
insert into T2 values (31);
insert into T2 values (31);
insert into T2 values (32);
insert into T2 values (32);
insert into T2 values (32);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (33);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (35);
insert into T2 values (36);
insert into T2 values (37);
insert into T2 values (38);
insert into T2 values (38);
insert into T2 values (38);
insert into T2 values (38);
insert into T2 values (38);
insert into T2 values (39);
insert into T2 values (39);
insert into T2 values (50);
insert into T2 values (51);
insert into T2 values (52);
insert into T2 values (52);
insert into T2 values (53);
insert into T2 values (53);
insert into T2 values (53);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (55);
insert into T2 values (56);
insert into T2 values (50);
insert into T2 values (59);
commit;

0
ipconfig Normal file
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124
logminer/logmnr_02.txt Normal file
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# https://redikx.wordpress.com/2015/07/10/logminer-to-analyze-archive-logs-on-different-database/
alias HUTTPRD='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@bakura:1521/HUTTPRD as sysdba'
alias ZABRAKPRD='rlwrap sqlplus sys/"Secret00!"@togoria:1521/ZABRAKPRD as sysdba'
alias DURGA='rlwrap sqlplus jedi/"Secret00!"@bakura:1521/DURGA as sysdba'
alias MAUL='rlwrap sqlplus jedi/"Secret00!"@togoria:1521/MAUL as sysdba'
alias WOMBAT='sqlplus wombat/animal@bakura/DURGA'
# on PDB DURGA as WOMBAT user
alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
drop table DEMO purge;
create table DEMO(d date);
insert into DEMO values (sysdate);
insert into DEMO values (sysdate);
insert into DEMO values (sysdate);
insert into DEMO values (sysdate);
insert into DEMO values (sysdate);
commit;
insert into DEMO values (sysdate);
commit;
delete from DEMO;
commit;
# backup generated archivelog
rman target /
run
{
set nocfau;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch02 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
backup as compressed backupset archivelog all delete input;
}
# store dictionary in redolog
begin
dbms_logmnr_d.build(options=>dbms_logmnr_d.store_in_redo_logs);
end;
/
# identify archivelog containing the dictionary
select thread#,sequence# from gv$archived_log where DICTIONARY_BEGIN='YES';
select thread#,sequence# from gv$archived_log where DICTIONARY_END='YES';
# backup archivelog containing the dictionary
rman target /
run
{
set nocfau;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch02 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
backup as compressed backupset archivelog sequence 12 delete input;
}
# Goal: list all DML against DEMO table between 2024-06-23 15:00:00 and 2024-06-23 16:00:00
# identify required archivelog
select THREAD#,max(SEQUENCE#) from gv$archived_log where FIRST_TIME<=timestamp'2024-06-23 15:00:00' group by THREAD#;
select THREAD#,min(SEQUENCE#) from gv$archived_log where NEXT_TIME>=timestamp'2024-06-23 16:00:00' group by THREAD#;
# all operation will be realized on a different CDB on the CDB$ROOT
# restore required archivelog
rman target /
run
{
set nocfau;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch02 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
set archivelog destination to '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/';
restore archivelog from sequence 3 until sequence 8;
}
# restore dictionary archivelog
rman target /
run
{
set nocfau;
allocate channel ch01 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
allocate channel ch02 device type disk format '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/backup/%d_%U_%s_%t.bck';
set archivelog destination to '/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/';
restore archivelog from sequence 12 until sequence 12;
}
# add log
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_12_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.new);
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_3_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.addfile);
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_4_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.addfile);
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_5_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.addfile);
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_6_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.addfile);
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_7_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.addfile);
execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/mnt/yavin4/tmp/00000/logminer/arch/1_8_1172413318.arc', options => dbms_logmnr.addfile);
# to list added log
set lines 256
col FILENAME for a60
col INFO for a60
select FILENAME,INFO from V$LOGMNR_LOGS;
# start logminer
begin
DBMS_LOGMNR.START_LOGMNR (startTime=>timestamp'2024-06-23 15:00:00'
,endTime=> timestamp'2024-06-23 16:00:00'
,OPTIONS=>DBMS_LOGMNR.DICT_FROM_REDO_LOGS + DBMS_LOGMNR.COMMITTED_DATA_ONLY
);
end;
/
# do mining
alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
col username for a20
col sql_redo for a70
col table_name for a20
col timestamp for a25
select timestamp,username,table_name,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where seg_name='DEMO';

70
materialized_views/mw01.txt Normal file
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create pluggable database NIHILUS admin user NIHILUS$OWNER identified by secret;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS open;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS save state;
orapwd file=orapwSITHPRD password="ad420e57a205c9a7d80d!"
alias NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus adm/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS as sysdba'
alter session set container=NIHILUS;
create user DEMO identified by secret;
grant connect, resource to DEMO;
grant create materialized view to DEMO;
grant create view to DEMO;
grant unlimited tablespace to DEMO;
alias DEMO='rlwrap sqlplus DEMO/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS'
create table DEMO as
select 0 seq,current_timestamp now
from
xmltable('1 to 1000');
-- infinite_update.sql
whenever sqlerror exit failure
begin
loop
update demo set seq=seq+1,now=current_timestamp where rownum=1;
commit;
dbms_session.sleep(1);
end loop;
end;
/
select max(seq),max(now) from DEMO.DEMO;
create materialized view DEMOMV1 as select * from DEMO;
create materialized view DEMOMV2 as select * from DEMO;
create view V as
select 'DEMOMV1' source,seq,now from DEMOMV1
union all
select 'DEMOMV2' source,seq,now from DEMOMV2
union all
select 'DEMO' source,seq,now from DEMO;
set lines 256
col maxseq for 999999999
col maxnow for a50
select source,max(seq) maxseq,max(now) maxnow from V group by source;
exec dbms_refresh.make('DEMO.DEMORGROUP', list=>'DEMOMV1,DEMOMV2', next_date=>null, interval=>'null');
exec dbms_refresh.refresh('DEMO.DEMORGROUP');
-- we can index and gather stats on materialized views
create index IMV1 on DEMOMV1(seq);
create index IMV2 on DEMOMV2(now);
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'DEMOMV1', method_opt=>'for all columns size SKEWONLY');
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'DEMOMV2', method_opt=>'for all columns size AUTO');
alter table DEMO add constraint PK_DEMO primary key (NOW);
create materialized view log on DEMO.DEMO
including new values;

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alias DEMO='rlwrap sqlplus DEMO/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS'
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 (
id number generated always as identity,
n1 number(1),
c1 varchar2(10),
d1 DATE
);
alter table T1 add constraint T1_PK primary key (ID);
-- infinite_update2.sql
whenever sqlerror exit failure
declare
i NUMBER;
begin
i:=0;
loop
i:=i+1;
insert into T1(n1,c1,d1) values(mod(i,3),DBMS_RANDOM.string('a',10),sysdate);
commit;
dbms_session.sleep(1);
end loop;
end;
/
drop materialized view MW0;
drop materialized view MW1;
drop materialized view MW2;
create materialized view MW0 as select * from T1 where n1=0;
create materialized view MW1 as select * from T1 where n1=1;
create materialized view MW2 as select * from T1 where n1=2;
alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
select max(d1) from MW0;
select max(d1) from MW1;
select max(d1) from MW2;
create materialized view log on T1 with primary key including new values;
set lines 256
col log_table for a30
col log_trigger for a30
col primary_key for a3 head PK
select log_table,log_trigger,primary_key from dba_mview_logs where log_owner='DEMO' and MASTER='T1';
-- on snap "server" site
set lines 256
col owner for a15
col name for a25
col master_owner for a15
col master for a25
col master_link for a25
col refresh_method for a15
col type for a10
col status for a7
col snaptime for a20
select
snap.owner
,snap.name
,snap.snapid
,snap.status
,slog.snaptime
,snap.master_owner
,snap.master
,snap.refresh_method
,snap.type
,snap.master_link
from
sys.slog$ slog
join dba_snapshots snap on slog.snapid=snap.snapid
where slog.mowner='DEMO' and slog.master='T1';
col snapname for a30
col snapsite for a30
col snaptime for a30
select
r.name snapname, snapid, nvl(r.snapshot_site, 'not registered') snapsite, snaptime
from
sys.slog$ s, dba_registered_snapshots r
where
s.snapid=r.snapshot_id(+) and mowner='DEMO' and master='T1';
exec dbms_mview.refresh('MW0');
exec dbms_mview.refresh('MW1');
exec dbms_mview.refresh('MW2');
-- point of view of snap "client"
select last_refresh_date,sysdate from dba_mviews where mview_name='MW0';
-- point of view of snap "server"
select sysdate,last_refresh from dba_snapshots where name='MW0';
select log_table from dba_mview_logs where master='T1';
select count(*) from DEMO.MLOG$_T1;
exec dbms_refresh.make('MWGROUP0', list=>'MW0,MW1', next_date=>null, interval=>'null',parallelism=>2);
exec dbms_refresh.refresh('MWGROUP0');
-- https://www.oracleplsqltr.com/2021/03/14/how-to-unregister-materialized-view-from-source-db/
exec dbms_mview.unregister_mview(mviewowner=>'DEMO',mviewname=>'MW2',mviewsite=>'NIHILUS');
exec dbms_mview.purge_mview_from_log(mview_id=>9);
select segment_name,bytes/1024 Kb from dba_segments where segment_name='MLOG$_T1';

85
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-- setup PDB
------------
orapwd file=orapwSITHPRD password="ad420e57a205c9a7d80d!"
create pluggable database NIHILUS admin user NIHILUS$OWNER identified by secret;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS open;
alter pluggable database NIHILUS save state;
alter session set container=NIHILUS;
create user adm identified by "secret";
grant sysdba to adm;
alias NIHILUS='rlwrap sqlplus adm/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS as sysdba'
create user MASTER identified by secret;
grant connect, resource to MASTER;
grant unlimited tablespace to MASTER;
alias MASTER='rlwrap sqlplus MASTER/"secret"@bakura:1521/NIHILUS'
-- setup PDB
------------
orapwd file=orapwANDOPRD password="oIp757a205c9?jj90yhgf"
create pluggable database RANDOR admin user RANDOR$OWNER identified by secret;
alter pluggable database RANDOR open;
alter pluggable database RANDOR save state;
alter session set container=RANDOR;
create user adm identified by "secret";
grant sysdba to adm;
alias RANDOR='rlwrap sqlplus adm/"secret"@togoria:1521/RANDOR as sysdba'
create user REPLICA identified by secret;
grant connect, resource to REPLICA;
grant create materialized view to REPLICA;
grant create view to REPLICA;
grant create database link to REPLICA;
grant unlimited tablespace to REPLICA;
alias REPLICA='rlwrap sqlplus REPLICA/"secret"@togoria:1521/RANDOR'
-- master site NIHILUS
drop table T1 purge;
create table T1 (
id number generated always as identity,
n1 number(1),
c1 varchar2(10),
d1 DATE
);
alter table T1 add constraint T1_PK primary key (ID);
-- replica site RANDOR
create database link RANDOR_TO_NIHILUS connect to MASTER identified by "secret" using 'bakura:1521/NIHILUS';
select * from DUAL@RANDOR_TO_NIHILUS;
drop materialized view MW0;
drop materialized view MW1;
drop materialized view MW2;
create materialized view MW0 as select * from T1@RANDOR_TO_NIHILUS where n1=0;
create materialized view MW1 as select * from T1@RANDOR_TO_NIHILUS where n1=1;
create materialized view MW2 as select * from T1@RANDOR_TO_NIHILUS where n1=2;
alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
select max(d1) from MW0;
select max(d1) from MW1;
select max(d1) from MW2;

2
partitioning/articles_01.txt Normal file
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Implementing dynamic partitions AND subpartitions
https://connor-mcdonald.com/2022/04/22/implementing-dynamic-partitions-and-subpartitions/

126
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-- http://www.oraclefindings.com/2017/07/23/switching-range-interval-partitioning/
drop table DEMO purge;
create table DEMO(
id INTEGER generated always as identity
,day DATE not null
,code VARCHAR2(2) not null
,val NUMBER not null
,PRIMARY KEY(id)
)
partition by range(day)(
partition P_2024_01 values less than (date'2024-02-01')
,partition P_2024_02 values less than (date'2024-03-01')
,partition INFINITY values less than (MAXVALUE)
)
;
create index IDX_VAL on DEMO(val) local;
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-01-09','UK',1005);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-01-10','IT',900);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-01-11','IT',400);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-01-11','FR',400);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-01-12','UK',400);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-01-12','IT',500);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-07','UK',765);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-09','IT',551);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-09','IT',90);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-09','FR',407);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-09','UK',101);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-10','IT',505);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-02-10','FR',2000);
commit;
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'DEMO');
exec dbms_stats.delete_table_stats(user,'DEMO');
-- IMPORTANT: the table should NOT have a MAXVALUE partition
-- ALTER TABLE… SET INTERVAL fails with: ORA-14759: SET INTERVAL is not legal on this table. (Doc ID 2926948.1)
select count(*) from DEMO partition (INFINITY);
-- Drop the MAXVALUE partition.
alter table POC.DEMO drop partition INFINITY;
alter table DEMO set interval(NUMTOYMINTERVAL(1, 'MONTH'));
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-04-01','IT',50);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-05-12','FR',60);
insert into DEMO (day,code,val) values (date'2024-05-14','UK',70);
commit;
-------------------------------------------------------------
drop table DEMO purge;
create table DEMO(
id INTEGER generated always as identity
,day DATE not null
,code VARCHAR2(2) not null
,val NUMBER not null
,PRIMARY KEY(id)
)
partition by range(day) subpartition by list (code)(
partition P_2024_01 values less than (date'2024-02-01')
(
subpartition P_2024_01_UK values ('UK')
,subpartition P_2024_01_IT values ('IT')
,subpartition P_2024_01_FR values ('FR')
)
,partition P_2024_02 values less than (date'2024-03-01')
(
subpartition P_2024_02_UK values ('UK')
,subpartition P_2024_02_IT values ('IT')
,subpartition P_2024_02_FR values ('FR')
)
,partition INFINITY values less than (MAXVALUE)
(
subpartition INFINITY_UK values ('UK')
,subpartition INFINITY_IT values ('IT')
,subpartition INFINITY_FR values ('FR')
)
)
;
create index IDX_VAL on DEMO(val) local;
alter table POC.DEMO drop partition INFINITY;
alter table DEMO set interval(NUMTOYMINTERVAL(1, 'MONTH'));
alter index POC.SYS_C007367 rebuild;
ALTER TABLE DEMO SPLIT SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241
VALUES ('UK') INTO (
SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_UK,
SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_DIFF
)
ONLINE;
ALTER TABLE DEMO SPLIT SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_DIFF
VALUES ('IT') INTO (
SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_IT,
SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_FR
)
ONLINE;
-- because wrong previous subpart name
alter table POC.DEMO rename subpartition SYS_SUBP3241_FR to SYS_SUBP3241_DIFF;
ALTER TABLE DEMO SPLIT SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_DIFF
VALUES ('FR') INTO (
SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_FR,
SUBPARTITION SYS_SUBP3241_OTHER
)
ONLINE;
select count(*) from DEMO subpartition(SYS_SUBP3241_OTHER);
alter table DEMO drop subpartition SYS_SUBP3241_OTHER;

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